scholarly journals Anomalous scales of Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L. (Bromeliaceae) exposed in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas, SP, Brazil as air pollution markers

Hoehnea ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Giampaoli ◽  
Natalie do Valle Capelli ◽  
Armando Reis Tavares ◽  
Francine Faia Fernandes ◽  
Marisa Domingos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Initial Evaluation ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Tillandsia Usneoides ◽  
São Paulo State

Tillandsia usneoides is an epiphytic bromeliad that has been used as a universal bioindicator. The species accumulates metals and presents foliar scale variations when exposed to air pollutants. This study aimed to use the variations in foliar scales as microscopic markers of pollutant effects in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas (MRC), São Paulo State, Brazil. T. usneoides plants were exposed for 12 weeks during dry and wet seasons, totaling four exposures, at five sites in the MRC. Samples were selected before each exposure for initial evaluation of the plants (T0). Leaf fragments were fixed in glutaraldehyde and total scale density and anomalous scale percentage were evaluated. Plants exposed in the MRC showed anomalies and changes in number of subperipheral cells of leaf scales. When compared to T0, T. usneoides presented higher total scale density and anomalous scale percentage at disturbed sites, thus the species can be used as a pollution bioindicator for MRC.

scholarly journals Spatial Microsimulation Combined with Skater Regionalization Methods: A Study for the Paraíba Valley and North Coast Metropolitan Region Subregion 4 in the São Paulo State

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-726
Author(s):  
Gabriela Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Tathiane Mayumi Anazawa ◽  
Antonio Miguel Vieira Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
North Coast ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Iterative Proportional Fitting ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatial Microsimulation ◽  
São Paulo State

This study analyzes the socio-occupational distribution in the Paraíba Valley and North Coast Metropolitan Region (in Portuguese: Região Metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte – RMVPLN) Subregion 4 using spatial microsimulation techniques. To fulfill the proposed objective, the Iterative Proportional Fitting (IPF) technique was used to obtain spatial microdata in the territorial census tracts unit through the 2010 Brazilian Demographic Census. After the Skater regionalization technique was applied, eight homogeneous socio-occupational groups were found. Overall, the proposed socio-occupational categories, studied at an intra-urban scale, allowed for highlighting the social structure on a subregion of the newest Metropolitan space in the São Paulo state. Although this is a preliminary study, it is already capable to identify inequalities degrees that consistently spatially segregate and the less privileged population socioeconomic groups.

scholarly journals Association between particulate matter air pollution and monthly inhalation and nebulization procedures in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Cristina Carneseca ◽  
Jorge Alberto Achcar ◽  
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Random Factor ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study was designed to investigate the impact of air pollution on monthly inhalation/nebulization procedures in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 2004 to 2010. To assess the relationship between the procedures and particulate matter (PM10) a Bayesian Poisson regression model was used, including a random factor that captured extra-Poisson variability between counts. Particulate matter was associated with the monthly number of inhalation/nebulization procedures, but the inclusion of covariates (temperature, precipitation, and season of the year) suggests a possible confounding effect. Although other studies have linked particulate matter to an increasing number of visits due to respiratory morbidity, the results of this study suggest that such associations should be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of the COVID-19 distribution pattern in São Paulo State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 3377-3384
Author(s):  
Franciel Eduardo Rex ◽  
Cléber Augusto de Souza Borges ◽  
Pâmela Suélen Käfer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
First Case ◽  
São Paulo State

Abstract At the end of 2019, the outbreak of COVID-19 was reported in Wuhan, China. The outbreak spread quickly to several countries, becoming a public health emergency of international interest. Without a vaccine or antiviral drugs, control measures are necessary to understand the evolution of cases. Here, we report through spatial analysis the spatial pattern of the COVID-19 outbreak. The study site was the State of São Paulo, Brazil, where the first case of the disease was confirmed. We applied the Kernel Density to generate surfaces that indicate where there is higher density of cases and, consequently, greater risk of confirming new cases. The spatial pattern of COVID-19 pandemic could be observed in São Paulo State, in which its metropolitan region standed out with the greatest cases, being classified as a hotspot. In addition, the main highways and airports that connect the capital to the cities with the highest population density were classified as medium density areas by the Kernel Density method.It indicates a gradual expansion from the capital to the interior. Therefore, spatial analyses are fundamental to understand the spread of the virus and its association with other spatial data can be essential to guide control measures.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 and the Pollution Exposure of the Population Near to an Industrial area on the Metropolitan Region in São Paulo State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Angela Zaccarelli-Marino ◽  
Thalles Zaccarelli Balderi ◽  
Felipe Mingorance Crepaldi ◽  
Rudá Alessi ◽  
Marco Martins
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Petrochemical Complex ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
São Paulo State

Abstract Background: The epidemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yielded intense respiratory illness clusters and has progressed rapidly into a pandemic. Objective: Evaluating the pre-existing conditions (rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, obstructive pulmonary diseases (OPD), conjunctivitis, dermatitis, and primary hypothyroidism (PH)) in residents exposed to long-term air pollutants and their higher risk of complications in case of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Methods: 2004 residents of both sexes, aged 8-72 years old, had responded to a home-based questionnaire. SARS-CoV-2 cases were collected from the Greater ABC Region, an industrial region of the São Paulo State, Brazil, part of the São Paulo Metropolitan Region. With a focus on the Capuava Petrochemical Complex influence area, using the combination of the AERMOD dispersion model with the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) meteorological model (2016), we evaluated the Greater ABC region. Atmospheric pollutant concentrations were analyzed in 2017 using meteorological data from 2005 to 2009, correlating this data with the research done from 2003 to 2005. Results: nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentrations presented the highest correlations between the rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, OPD, conjunctivitis, dermatitis and PH odds and pollutant concentrations. Conclusion: We demonstrated that the closer the individuals live from the Petrochemical complex, the higher their risk of death from SARS-CoV-2. Given the asymptomatic characteristic of the disease in its initial development individuals and the risk of its complications, we suggest that the employees of chemical plants and residents living around industrial areas must be continuously evaluated for SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Towards Industry 4.0: a SWOT-based analysis for companies located in the Sorocaba Metropolitan Region (São Paulo State, Brazil)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Silveira Firmino ◽  
Guilherme Xavier Perles ◽  
Juliana Veiga Mendes ◽  
João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da Silva ◽  
Diogo Aparecido Lopes Silva
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

Abstract: The concept of Industry 4.0 was first introduced in Germany in 2011. Also called as the 4th industrial revolution, this concept is based on digitization and integration of physical and digital media, focusing on the automation of production processes and integration across the value chain. Due to the fast development of Industry 4.0 in the last few years, this study performed a SWOT-based analysis to assess strategic points to develop and apply digital technologies in the companies situated at the SMR – Sorocaba Metropolitan Region (São Paulo State, Brazil). A literature review was developed on Industry 4.0 conception and its main technologies: Cyber-Physical Systems, Internet of Things, Intelligent Factories and Big Data. Findings from the literature review were used to develop an exploratory questionnaire (survey), which was applied to SMR’s companies’ representatives. After that, a SWOT matrix was applied, to generate action plans to facilitate the insertion of Industry 4.0 in the companies from the SMR, based on offensive, confrontational, reinforcement and defense strategies selection. The strategies proposed on this paper should be used as an input for public political issues in the SMR, and they could also be expanded to other regions in Brazil as short and long-term strategies.

Influence of air pollution residues on the respiratory health of urban public transport drivers in a city of São Paulo State - Brazil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata C Rossi ◽  
Danillo Nascimento Vicente ◽  
Camila Sousa Vilela ◽  
Isabela Santos Souza ◽  
Nathalye Fernanda Pedroso Dircksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
São Paulo State
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