Jaiane Aparecida Ribas Pereira
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Kassiane Caciatori Garcia
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Thalyta Verbicaro
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Michele Nascimento Meger
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Paola Fernanda Cotait de Lucas Corso
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Introduction: Periapical cysts are the most frequent odontogenic cystic lesions, commonly asymptomatic and discovered in routine dental examinations. The treatment may vary according to the size of the cyst. Objective: The objective of this study is to report the diagnosis and treatment of a large periapical inflammatory cyst in the maxilla. Case report: Patient A.B., 38 years old, male with major complaint of pain in the left maxilla region, facial asymmetrywith increased volume in the zygomatic bone region. After the intrabuccal and radiographic examinations, a lesion with a dimension of approximately 6.5 cm was observed, extending throughout the of the upper left side, with well-defined extension. It was performed the extraction of the affected teeth, collection of the biological material for histopathological analysis and installation of a drain for decompression maintained in the buccal cavity for 6 months with periodic irrigations with saline solution. After regression of the lesion, enucleation and curettage were performed. After 36 months following-up it is possible to observe absence of signs and symptoms of lesion recurrence, with good healing and bone neoformation. Conclusion: Decompression followed by enucleation forthe treatment of periapical inflammatory cyst should be considered as a treatment option because it minimizes damage to adjacent anatomical structures.