scholarly journals The clinical profile of childhood optic neuritis

2001 ◽  
Vol 59 (2B) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Lana-Peixoto ◽  
Gustavo Cardoso de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To report the clinical features and outcome of a series of children with optic neuritis. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of patients up to 16 years old with optic neuritis. Group 1 comprised children seen up to two weeks after the onset of visual loss; Group 2 comprised patients already harboring optic atrophy. RESULTS: There were 15 boys and 12 girls. The mean age was 10.9 years. Bilateral optic neuritis occurred in 10. Optic disc pallor was found in 35%, edema in 46%, and 19% had normal fundus. During follow-up visual acuity improved in all but one eye in Group 1, and in six of seven eyes in children in Group 2. Just one child converted to multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the clinical features of childhood optic neuritis differ from those observed in adults. In children it has a better visual outcome and a lower conversion rate to multiple sclerosis than in adults.

104 Severe unilateral optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. A41.2-A41
Author(s):  
Natasha Gerbis ◽  
John Parratt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽  
High Dose ◽  
List Type ◽  
The Mean

IntroductionOptic neuritis (ON) results in acute loss of vision with pain on eye movement. It may be the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and usually follows a resolving course. Here we describe five patients with MS who developed severe unilateral ON resulting in persistent visual loss without significant resolution.MethodsA retrospective clinical review of five cases identified from a database of 550 patients with MS.ResultsAll patients were female and the mean age was 30 years at onset (range 25–40). All patients had no light perception at diagnosis, and received treatment with high dose intravenous methylprednisolone. Two patients also had plasma exchange. All of the patients were subsequently treated with immunomodulatory therapy. The patients were followed for a mean period of 13.3 years (range 2 months to 31 years). None of the patients had significant improvement in their visual acuity, with most achieving vision of 6/60. The mean retinal nerve fibre layer thickness was 66.33 microns (range 46–98 microns) in the affected eye, compared to 86.7 microns (69–105 microns) in the unaffected eye. All patients were aquaporin-4 antibody negative and oligoclonal band positive, with the MRI brain and spine being diagnostic for MS. Interestingly, none of the patients developed significant symptoms in the contralateral eye with vision of 6/5. All patients had an EDSS score of 4.0 predominantly due to visual impairment.ConclusionSevere unilateral ON is rarely seen in MS. This case series highlights a phenotypically distinct group of female MS patients with severe unilateral ON, and no improvement in visual acuity after prolonged follow-up and despite treatment with steroids and potent immune therapies. In such patients, where the diagnosis of MS is confirmed by MRI and CSF analysis, the patient might be reassured that visual loss in the fellow eye is unlikely.References. Wilhelm H, Schabet M. The diagnosis and treatment of optic neuritis. Deutsches Arzteblatt International2015;112(37):616–626.. Dachsel RM, et al. Optic neuropathy after retrobulbar neuritis in multiple sclerosis: Are optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging useful and necessary follow-up parameters?Der Nervenarzt2015;86(2):187–96.

Creation of physiologic rhythm by closed loop stimulation in heart failure patients with severe chronotropic incompetence: worldwide first results of a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Proff ◽  
B Merkely ◽  
R Papp ◽  
C Lenz ◽  
P.J Nordbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Chronotropic Incompetence ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background The prevalence of chronotropic incompetence (CI) in heart failure (HF) population is high and negatively impacts prognosis. In HF patients with an implanted cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) device and severe CI, the effect of rate adaptive pacing on patient outcomes is unclear. Closed loop stimulation (CLS) based on cardiac impedance measurement may be an optimal method of heart rate adaptation according to metabolic need in HF patients with severe CI. Purpose This is the first study evaluating the effect of CLS on the established prognostic parameters assessed by the cardio-pulmonary exercise (CPX) testing and on quality of life (QoL) of the patients. Methods A randomised, controlled, double-blind and crossover pilot study has been performed in CRT patients with severe CI defined as the inability to achieve 70% of the age-predicted maximum heart rate (APMHR). After baseline assessment, patients were randomised to either DDD-CLS pacing (group 1) or DDD pacing at 40 bpm (group 2) for a 1-month period, followed by crossover for another month. At baseline and at 1- and 2-month follow-ups, a CPX was performed and QoL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. The main endpoints were the effect of CLS on ventilatory efficiency (VE) slope (evaluated by an independent CPX expert), the responder rate defined as an improvement (decrease) of the VE slope by at least 5%, percentage of maximal predicted heart rate reserve (HRR) achieved, and QoL. Results Of the 36 patients enrolled in the study, 20 fulfilled the criterion for severe CI and entered the study follow-up (mean age 68.9±7.4 years, 70% men, LVEF=41.8±9.3%, 40%/60% NYHA class II/III). Full baseline and follow-up datasets were obtained in 17 patients. The mean VE slope and HRR at baseline were 34.4±4.4 and 49.6±23.8%, respectively, in group 1 (n=7) and 34.5±12.2 and 54.2±16.1% in group 2 (n=10). After completing the 2-month CPX, the mean difference between DDD-CLS and DDD-40 modes was −2.4±8.3 (group 1) and −1.2±3.5 (group 2) for VE slope, and 17.1±15.5% (group 1) and 8.7±18.8% (group 2) for HRR. Altogether, VE slope improved by −1.8±2.95 (p=0.31) in DDD-CLS versus DDD-40, and HRR improved by 12.9±8.8% (p=0.01). The VE slope decreased by ≥5% in 47% of patients (“responders to CLS”). The mean difference in the QoL between DDD-CLS and DDD-40 was 0.16±0.25 in group 1 and −0.01±0.05 in group 2, resulting in an overall increase by 0.08±0.08 in the DDD-CLS mode (p=0.13). Conclusion First results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of CLS in CRT patients with severe CI revealed that CLS generated an overall positive effect on well-established surrogate parameters for prognosis. About one half of the patients showed CLS response in terms of improved VE slope. In addition, CLS improved quality of life. Further clinical research is needed to identify predictors that can increase the responder rate and to confirm improvement in clinical outcomes. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Biotronik SE & Co. KG

scholarly journals Accelerated versus conventional Ponseti protocol for the treatment of idiopathic talipes equinovarus deformity: A short term follow up in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 473-479
Author(s):  
Jagar Doski ◽  
Berivan Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Ponseti Method ◽  
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Congenital Talipes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Accelerated Protocol ◽  
Group 1

Background and objective: The accelerated protocol of Ponseti method was suggested to shorten the period of treatment of the conventional one for the cases of talipes equinovarus deformity. This study aimed to compare the accelerated protocol of Ponseti method in the treatment of clubfoot deformity with the conventional one. Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted for infants less than six months with congenital talipes equinovarus deformity. The patients were randomized to either Group 1 (casts changed every week, conventional protocol of Ponseti method) or Group 2 (twice weekly, accelerated one). Pirani score was used to assess the severity of the deformity at presentation, at time of last cast removal, and at the last follow up visit (6th months). Results: The patients included were 48 cases with 79 feet. Group 1 (39 clubfeet) had a mean Pirani score of 5.6 (± 1.15) at presentation, which dropped to 0.47 (± 0.41) when the last cast was removed. In Group 2 (40 clubfeet), it dropped from 5.57 (± 0.83) to 0.77 (± 0.01). The result of each treatment protocol was significant, but the difference between them was not significant. Five cases (three patients aged more than three months) of Group 2 needed eight casts to reach an acceptable position of correction. The difference between the mean number of casts applied in Group 1 (5.09) and Group 2 (5.82) was statistically not significant. However, the difference between the mean number of days spent in the cast was significant. The complications occurred in 12 out of 79 feet, with no statistically significant difference between both groups. Conclusion: The accelerated protocol of Ponseti method for treating clubfoot deformity is as effective and as safe as the conventional one. It shortens the time required to complete the treatment program. Those who present lately (beyond the age of three months) may require an additional number of casts. Keywords: Clubfoot; Congenital talipes equinovarus; Ponseti; Accelerated; Cast.

scholarly journals Comparison of Changes in Number of Hyperreflective Dots After İntravitreal Ranibizumab or Dexamethasone İmplant in Patients with Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Karalezli ◽  
Sema Kaderli ◽  
Ahmet Kaderli ◽  
Cansu Kaya ◽  
Sabahattin Sul
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽  
Retinal Layers ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Purpose: To compare the effect of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) or intravitreal dexamethasone implants (IVD) on regression of hyperreflective dots (HRDs) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scan in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods: 37 eyes of 37 patients with cystoid macular edema who received IVR or IVD and followed up for at least 12 months were included in this study. The patients were divided into three groups according to intravitreal treatment. Group 1 consisted of 12 eyes who received only IVD, group 2 consisted of 10 eyes who received only IVR on a pro re nata and group 3 consisted of 15 eyes who received both IVD and IVR. OCT parameters (CMT, number of HRDs, status of external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ)) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were compared between the groups over the follow-up time. HRDs were categorized as HRD in inner retinal layers (from the internal limiting membrane to the inner nuclear layer) or HRD in outer retinal layers (from the outer plexiform layer to the outer border of the photoreceptor layer).Results: There was no significant difference between groups in terms of BCVA, CMT, HRDs in the inner and the outer retinal layers at baseline visit. (p˃0.05 for all) Comparing the baseline values in all groups, a significant decrease was observed in CMT in the first year. (For group 1; p=0.013, group 2; p=0.010; group 3, p<0.001) The BCVA was significantly increased after 1 year in all groups. (p=0.001, p=0.006, p<0.001) The mean number of HRDs in inner and outer retinal layers were significantly decreased in group 1 and group 3. (For group 1; p<0.001, p=0.001, for group 3; p<0.001, p<0.001) However, there was no significant difference in terms of the mean number of HRDs in inner and outer retinal layers for group 2. (p=0.134, p=0.477) At the first year, the number of HRDs in inner and outer retinal layers was significantly lower in group 1 and group 3 than group 2. (For inner HRDs; group 1 vs. group 2 p=0.007, group 2 vs. group 3 p<0.001. For outer HRDs group 1 vs. group 2 p<0.001, group 2 vs. group 3 p<0.001.) The BCVA was higher in group 3 than group 2 at 1year. (p=0.048). There was no significant difference in terms of post-treatment CMT and the number of HRDs between group 1 and group3 in posthoc tests (p=0.621, p=0.876, and p=0.632).Conclusion: The reduction in HRDs at 12 months and better BCVA after IVD intimates that the HRDs should be considered as inflammatory markers in the follow-up of CME in BRVO. Thus, IVD injection could be more appropriate for patients with higher HRDs after BRVO.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Different Patterns of Diabetic Macular Edema

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Furino ◽  
Alfredo Niro ◽  
Michele Reibaldi ◽  
Maria Oliva Grassi ◽  
Francesco Boscia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Intravitreal Dexamethasone ◽  
Pattern Group ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: Different patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME) suggest different pathogenesis and drug response. We evaluated the outcomes after intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant for DME with or without serous retinal detachment (SRD). Methods: In this retrospective study, 22 naïve patients (23 eyes) with DME who underwent a single DEX implant were evaluated. Based on the optical coherence tomographic pattern of DME, 12 eyes had a cystoid macular edema pattern (Group 1) and 11 eyes had an SRD pattern (Group 2). The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (СRТ), central retinal volume (CRV), SRD height (SRDh), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were recorded before and at two and four months after the treatment. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups regarding demographic, clinical data and outcomes at baseline. In Group 1, the CRT and CRV significantly decreased at two months (P = 0.002 and P = 0.01, respectively), while the BCVA significantly improved at four months (P = 0.03). In Group 2, the CRT and CRV significantly improved (P < 0.01 and P ≤ 0.01, respectively) during the follow-up period. At four months, both groups showed a recurrence of DME, Group 1 in particular (two-month CRT reduction, –149 ± 127 μm vs four-month CRT reduction, –72 ± 174 μm; P = 0.04). The mean reduction in CRV was significantly different at four months (Group 1, –0.49 ± 1.7 mm3 vs Group 2, –1.3 ± 1.3 mm3; P = 0.04). In Group 2, the SRDh significantly decreased at two (P = 0.01) and four months (P = 0.01). Four cases with elevated IOP were managed. Conclusion: DEX implants were found to be effective in different patterns of DME. The SRD pattern may predict a longer-lasting morphologic efficacy.

scholarly journals Clinical Features and Visual outcome in Acute and Recurrent Case of Optic Neuritis.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Jyoti Bastola Paudel ◽  
Ananda Kumar Sharma ◽  
Sanjeeta Sitaula ◽  
Madhu Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Visual Evoked Potential ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Visual Recovery ◽  
Visual Evoked

Introduction: Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve that usually affects young females. In Western countries, natural history and treatment of optic neuritis(ON) has been studied extensively. However aetiology, natural history, clinical features of ON and their relation to multiple sclerosis in Asian population needs to be defined yet. Methods: 30 patients who were diagnosed as optic neuritis were included between June 2013 to December 2014 at BP Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies (BPKLCOS). A detailed history was obtained followed by examination of anterior and posterior segment. Assessment of visual acuity, color vision, contrast sensitivity, visual evoked potential (VEP),visual field and MRI of orbit and brain was done in all cases. All patients were treated with intravenous Methylprednisolone 500mg twice daily for 3 days followed by oral steroid for 11 days which was tapered in the next 4 days.The patients were reassessed at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3months. Results: Commonest presenting symptom was diminution of vision(65%). MRI showed multiple paraventricular oval plaques definite of multiple sclerosis in one patient and one was diagnosed as probable MS who had a single periventricular plaque. Visual evoked potential (VEP) showed increase in the mean P100 latency at 60’ and reduction in amplitude in eyes affected with optic neuritis compared to normal eyes. At 3 months follow up, 70% had good visual recovery (>6/18). The cause of non-improvement in vision was disc pallor. Optic disc pallor was detected in 37.5% of the eyes during follow up. Conclusions: Good visual recovery was observed in most eyes with acute optic neuritis. Multiple sclerosis was seen in 1 patient who had recurrent optic neuritis.

Equality in Hip Arthroscopy Outcomes Can Be Achieved Regardless of Patient Socioeconomic Status

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110469
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Saks ◽  
Vivian W. Ouyang ◽  
Elijah S. Domb ◽  
Andrew E. Jimenez ◽  
David R. Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Labral Tear ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Access to quality health care and treatment outcomes can be affected by patients’ socioeconomic status (SES). Purpose: To evaluate the effect of patient SES on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after arthroscopic hip surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Demographic, radiographic, and intraoperative data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed on all patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and labral tear between February 2008 and September 2017 at one institution. Patients were divided into 4 cohorts based on the Social Deprivation Index (SDI) of their zip code. SDI is a composite measure that quantifies the level of disadvantage in certain geographical areas. Patients had a minimum 2-year follow-up for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS), International Hip Outcome Tool—12, and visual analog scale (VAS) for both pain and satisfaction. Rates of achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) were calculated for the mHHS, NAHS, and VAS pain score. Rates of secondary surgery were also recorded. Results: A total of 680 hips (616 patients) were included. The mean follow-up time for the entire cohort was 30.25 months. Division of the cohort into quartiles based on the SDI national averages yielded 254 hips (37.4%) in group 1, 184 (27.1%) in group 2, 148 (21.8%) in group 3, and 94 (13.8%) in group 4. Group 1 contained the most affluent patients. There were significantly more men in group 4 than in group 2, and the mean body mass index was greater in group 4 than in groups 1 and 2. There were no differences in preoperative radiographic measurements, intraoperative findings, or rates of concomitant procedures performed. All preoperative and postoperative PROMs were similar between the groups, as well as in the rates of achieving the MCID or PASS. No differences in the rate of secondary surgeries were reported. Conclusion: Regardless of SES, patients were able to achieve significant improvements in several PROMs after hip arthroscopy for FAIS and labral tear at the minimum 2-year follow-up. Additionally, patients from all SES groups achieved clinically meaningful improvement at similar rates.

Application of femtolaser-assisted phacoemulsification in combined pathology of cataract and glaucoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
A.P. Voznyuk ◽  
◽  
S.I. Anisimov ◽  
S.Y. Anisimova ◽  
L.L. Arutyunyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of femtolaser-assisted phacoemulsification in glaucomatous eyes in the long-term follow-up. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of the surgical treatment of patients with combined cataract and glaucoma pathology was analyzed. The patients were divided into groups depending on the method of surgical intervention: 1) phacoemulsification with femtolaser support (26 eyes, 23 patients); 2) phacoemulsification (36 eyes, 30 patients); Results. Before surgery, there were no statistically significant differences in IOP and corneal hysteresis (СН) between groups 1 and 2. The mean values of IOP cc, IOP g and СН of group 1 before surgery were 22.7±6.1 mm Hg, 20.9±6.9 mm Hg, 8.5±1.6 mm Hg; 2 group – 22.9±8.7 mm Hg, 21.6±8.9 mm Hg, 8.9±1.6 mm Hg respectively. Average values of IOP cc, IOP g and CН 5 years after the surgical treatment in group 1 were 15.3±1.2 mm Hg, 14.4±3.4 mm Hg, 9.6±4.2 mm Hg; in group 2 – 18.0±4.2 mm Hg, 16.1±4.2 mm Hg, 8.8±2.2 mm Hg respectively. In both groups, stabilization of IOP and CH indices was noted, which remained throughout the entire observation period, which shows the normalization of the biomechanical properties of the corneoscleral membrane of the eye in the long-term postoperative period. Conclusion. Femtolaser accompaniment of phacoemulsification is an effective and safe method of cataract surgery for combined pathology. Key words: femtolaser, cataract, glaucoma, phacoemulsification.

Topographically Guided Two-Step LASIK and Standard LASIK in the Correction of Refractive Errors after Penetrating Keratoplasty

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Spadea ◽  
Massimo Saviano ◽  
Angela Di Gregorio ◽  
Domenico Di Lodovico ◽  
Fabio De Sanctis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Penetrating Keratoplasty ◽  
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Manifest Refraction ◽  
Uncorrected Visual Acuity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose To evaluate in a long-term period the effectiveness and safety of topographically guided two-step laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and standard LASIK technique in the correction of refractive errors after successful penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) for keratoconus. Methods At least 2 years after PKP and 6 months after removal of all sutures, 15 eyes of 15 patients (Group 1; mean manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) −7.23 D ± 3.42 SD) were submitted to standard LASIK and 15 eyes of 15 patients (Group 2; mean MRSE −4.37 D ± 1.97 SD) to a topographically guided two-step LASIK procedure (first the flap and at least 2 weeks later the laser ablation). In all cases, a superior hinged corneal flap (160 μm/9.5 mm) was created. Results After a follow-up of 36 months, in Group 1 the mean uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.51 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) ± 0.41 SD and the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.03 logMAR ± 0.05 SD, with a mean MRSE of −1.57 D ± 2.65 SD. In Group 2, the mean UCVA was 0.28 logMAR ± 0.24 SD and the mean BCVA was 0.01 logMAR ± 0.03 SD, with a mean MRSE of −0.07 D ± 1.00 SD. In both groups, no complications were observed. Conclusions After a long follow-up period, both topographically guided two-step LASIK and standard LASIK could be considered effective and safe tools in the correction of refractive errors after successful PKP for keratoconus.

Normal Visual Recovery after Optic Neuritis Despite Significant Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 236 (04) ◽  
pp. 425-428
Author(s):  
Mohamed Sherif ◽  
Ciara Bergin ◽  
François-Xavier Borruat
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Full Recovery ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Visual Recovery ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Fellow Eye ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Optic neuritis (ON) is a frequent manifestation of demyelinating attack in multiple sclerosis (MS). Initial visual loss can vary from minimal to complete. Visual improvement occurs in about 95% of patients, some of them recovering to normal [visual acuity (VA), color vision, visual field (VF)]. We analyzed retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL) thickness in MS patients who recovered their normal vision after ON to determine whether a relative preservation of RGCL existed in these patients. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective study of all patients with MS and ON examined by one of us (F. X. B.) between 2013 and 2018. Inclusion criteria were strictly unilateral ON, full recovery of vision, computerized visual field, and OCT examinations. Full recovery of vision was defined as VA ≥ 10/10, Ishihara ≥ 11/13, and VF mean defect (MD) ≤ 2.6 dB. Evaluation of RGCL was obtained with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The normal fellow eye of all patients served as the control group. Relative thinning of RGCL, expressed as percentage, was calculated by comparing results from the affected eye to the fellow eye of the same patient. Results Twenty-one patients (21 affected eyes – Group 1, 21 normal fellow eyes – Group 2) satisfying the inclusion criteria were retrieved from our database. All patients exhibited the relapsing-remitting form of MS. There were 16 women and 5 men. Mean age was 39.3 years old. There were no statistically significant differences between Group 1 and Group 2 for either VA (p = 0.3934) or Ishihara (p = 0.140), but a significant difference was found for VF MD (p = 0.0405). A markedly significant difference for RGCL thickness (p = 0.0001) was found, without any correlation with the degree of visual recovery. A subgroup of patients (n = 14) was examined at the time of initial visual loss. We correlated their results of visual function to the final RGCL thickness, and a correlation was found between either the initial VA loss or the initial VF loss and the final loss of RGCL (R2 = 0.4075 and R2 = 0.00739, respectively). Conclusions In our study, all patients with ON lost a significant amount of RGCL despite a full recovery of vision, as defined by our criteria. The percentage of RGCL loss varied from 5 – 27% and could not be correlated with any final visual indices. However, a correlation was found with the degree of initial visual loss. Despite sometimes marked RGCL loss after ON, patients with MS can recover normal visual function, according to standard clinical tests.

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