scholarly journals Classification of cerebral palsy: association between gender, age, motor type, topography and Gross Motor Function

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luzia Iara Pfeifer ◽  
Daniela Baleroni Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Carolina Araújo Rodrigues Funayama ◽  
Jair Lício Santos
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Level I

The goal of this study was to assess the relation between gender, age, motor type, topography and gross motor function, based on the Gross Motor Function System of children with cerebral palsy. Trunk control, postural changes and gait of one hundred children between 5 months and 12 years old, were evaluated. There were no significant differences between gender and age groups (p=0.887) or between gender and motor type (p=0.731). In relation to body topography most children (88%) were spastic quadriplegic. Most hemiplegics children were rated in motor level I, children with diplegia were rated in motor level III, and quadriplegic children were rated in motor level V. Functional classification is necessary to understand the differences in cerebral palsy and to have the best therapeutic planning since it is a complex disease which depends on several factors.

scholarly journals Coparenting in caregivers of children with cerebral palsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (Supp1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Carolina Moraes Dourado ◽  
Irlana Lessa França ◽  
Vagner Santos Cardoso ◽  
Simone Souza da Costa Silva ◽  
Fernando Augusto Ramos Pontes
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Individual Activity ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
The Family ◽  
Global Welfare ◽  
The Relationship

The Brazilian Association of Cerebral Palsy defines Cerebral Palsy (CP) as a group of disorders of development and posture, which cause limitations in an individual activity. The birth of a child with CP generates an impact, which brings a new reality for the family, mainly parents and others caregivers. The goal of the present work was to describe coparenting relationships in parents of children with CP, comparing between main and secondary caregivers, and still, the relationship between coparenting pair. Data was obtained from 12 coparenting pairs (24 individuals) caregivers of children with CP. Were used the instruments: Coparenting Questionnaire (COPQ), to evaluate the coparenting relationships, Socio Demographic Inventory (SDI), to describe information about the main and secondary caregivers and the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) for to measure the children’s gross motor function. The data was treated through the software SPSS (version 20.0), the statistic calculated was frequency, descriptive, and still, a parameter of scores was fixed for the classification of coparentality factors (cooperation, triangulation and conflict). The results indicated that secondary caregivers exhibited higher average in the factors of analysis of cooperation and triangulation (21 and 5,2). The mainly caregivers indicated the bigger average in conflict factor, (11, 3). In general, the coparenting pairs exhibited high cooperation (19-25 points), high triangulation (4-8 points) and low conflict (5-11 points). The establishment of a good coparenting relationship, expressed in the mutual support and commitment of the dyads is fundamental for the family functioning and for the child’s global welfare.

Social and Community Participation of Children and Youth With Cerebral Palsy Is Associated With Age and Gross Motor Function Classification

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 1304-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Palisano ◽  
Lin-Ju Kang ◽  
Lisa A. Chiarello ◽  
Margo Orlin ◽  
Donna Oeffinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Level I ◽  
Gmfcs Level

Background Through social and community participation, children and youth with cerebral palsy (CP) form friendships, gain knowledge, learn skills, express creativity, and determine meaning and purpose in life. Objective The purposes of this study were: (1) to determine whether social and community participation of children and youth with CP differ based on age, sex, and gross motor function, and (2) to identify the types of activities in which social and community participation are highest. Design and Methods A prospective cross-sectional analytic design was used. The participants were a sample of convenience of 291 children (6–12 years of age) and 209 youth (13–21 years of age) with CP (55.4% males, 44.6% females) receiving services from 7 children's hospitals. Participants completed the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) by structured interview. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level was determined by the researchers. Results Youth did a higher percentage of activities with friends and others and outside the home than children. Children and youth in level I did a higher percentage of activities with friends and others compared with children and youth in levels II and III and in levels IV and V. Children and youth in level I and in levels IV and V did a higher percentage of activities outside the home than children and youth in levels II and III. Differences were not found between females and males. The percentage of activities done with friends and others and outside the home was highest for physical and skill-based activities. Limitations Findings cannot be attributed only to GMFCS level. Conclusions The ability to walk without restrictions is desirable for social and community participation. For children and youth with CP who have limitations in mobility, physical therapists have roles as consultants for accessibility, activity accommodations, and assistive technology and as advocates for inclusive environments.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Motor Outcome of Hippotherapy in Children with Cerebral Palsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (03) ◽  
pp. 170-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeo Seung Mi ◽  
Lee Ji Young ◽  
Shin Hye Yeon ◽  
Seo Yun Sik ◽  
Kwon Jeong Yi
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Outcome ◽  
Level I ◽  
Gmfcs Level

Objective This study was aimed to identify individual factors influencing the gross motor outcome of hippotherapy in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods One hundred and forty-six children with CP (mean age: 5.78 ± 1.72 years, male: 56.2%) presenting variable function (gross motor function classification system [GMFCS], levels I–IV) participated in this study. Participants received 30 minutes of hippotherapy twice a week for 8 weeks. Clinical information including GMFCS level, age, sex, CP distribution, CP type, gross motor function measure-88 (GMFM-88), GMFM-66, and pediatric balance scale (PBS) score were collected retrospectively. We regarded the children with GMFM-66 score increased by 2.0 points as good responders to hippotherapy. Further we analyzed factors affecting good responders. Results GMFCS level I and II compared with IV (odds ratio [OR] = 6.83) and III compared with IV (OR = 4.45) were significantly associated with a good response to hippotherapy. Higher baseline GMFM E (OR = 1.05) and lower baseline GMFM B (OR = 0.93) were also significantly associated with a good response to hippotherapy. Sex, age, CP type, and distribution were not factors influencing gross motor outcome of hippotherapy. Conclusions The children with CP, GMFCS level I–III, with relatively poor postural control in sitting might have a greater chance to improve their GMFM-66 scores through hippotherapy. This supports the hypothesis that hippotherapy is a context-focused therapy to improve postural control in sitting.

scholarly journals Association between Gait Deviation Index and Physical Function in Children with Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Ito ◽  
Koji Noritake ◽  
Hiroshi Sugiura ◽  
Yasunari Kamiya ◽  
Hidehito Tomita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Gait Deviation Index ◽  
Level I ◽  
Gmfcs Level

This study examined the association between Gait Deviation Index (GDI) and the five-times-sit-to-stand test (FTSST) or gait speed results, which represent mobility and muscle strength of the lower extremities in ambulatory children with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I and II spastic cerebral palsy. In this cross-sectional, observational study, three-dimensional gait analysis data were obtained during gait trials to evaluate the GDI in 35 children (age 5–16 years) with spastic palsy. Motor function was evaluated using FTSST and gait speed. Gross motor function was evaluated using GMFCS. Children with GMFCS level II spastic cerebral palsy demonstrated lower GDI (p < 0.001) and poorer FTSST (p = 0.031) than those with GMFCS level I spastic cerebral palsy. Correlation analysis showed that FTSST results were significantly correlated with GDI (r = −0.624; p < 0.001). Motor function may be important for the maintenance of gait quality in patients with GMFCS level I and II spastic cerebral palsy and should not be ignored. In conclusion, reduction in gait impairment may affect the values of FTSST and GDI in patients with spastic cerebral palsy who can ambulate without an assistive device.

scholarly journals Validation of a Model of Gross Motor Function for Children With Cerebral Palsy

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 974-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Palisano ◽  
Steven E Hanna ◽  
Peter L Rosenbaum ◽  
Dianne J Russell ◽  
Stephen D Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
Level I ◽  
Gmfcs Level

Abstract Background and Purpose. Development of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy (CP) has not been documented. The purposes of this study were to examine a model of gross motor function in children with CP and to apply the model to construct gross motor function curves for each of the 5 levels of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Subjects. A stratified sample of 586 children with CP, 1 to 12 years of age, who reside in Ontario, Canada, and are known to rehabilitation centers participated. Methods. Subjects were classified using the GMFCS, and gross motor function was measured with the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). Four models were examined to construct curves that described the nonlinear relationship between age and gross motor function. Results. The model in which both the limit parameter (maximum GMFM score) and the rate parameter (rate at which the maximum GMFM score is approached) vary for each GMFCS level explained 83% of the variation in GMFM scores. The predicted maximum GMFM scores differed among the 5 curves (level I=96.8, level II=89.3, level III=61.3, level IV=36.1, and level V=12.9). The rate at which children at level II approached their maximum GMFM score was slower than the rates for levels I and III. The correlation between GMFCS levels and GMFM scores was −.91. Logistic regression, used to estimate the probability that children with CP are able to achieve gross motor milestones based on their GMFM total scores, suggests that distinctions between GMFCS levels are clinically meaningful. Conclusion and Discussion. Classification of children with CP based on functional abilities and limitations is predictive of gross motor function, whereas age alone is a poor predictor. Evaluation of gross motor function of children with CP by comparison with children of the same age and GMFCS level has implications for decision making and interpretation of intervention outcomes.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUNCTION AND PRESENCE AND TYPE OF DEFORMITY IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
Murilo Tavares Daher ◽  
Paulo Leandro Souza Martins ◽  
Adriano Passáglia Esperidião ◽  
Pedro Felisbino Júnior ◽  
Vinício Nunes Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Specialist Rehabilitation

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the gross motor function (GMFCS) with respect to the prevalence and type of scoliosis in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: This was an analytical, cross-sectional study. We evaluated medical records and imaging studies of 100 patients randomly assigned to a specialist rehabilitation center for the care of such patients. The patients were classified according the gross motor function (GMFCS) and those with deformities were classified as per the kind of scoliosis through the classification of Lonstein and Akbarnia). A correlation was made among the presence of deformity, the variables of the type of deformity and motor function by GMFCS. Results: Of the 100 patients evaluated, 69 had scoliosis. The mean age of patients with scoliosis was higher than that of patients without deformity (12.63 and 10.46 years). Thirty-nine (57%) patients had spastic tetraparesis and 32 (46%) spastic diparesis. The most frequent curve pattern was the thoracolumbar and the average angular value of the main curve was 27 degrees. There was a positive correlation between the presence of scoliosis and GMFCS level V. There was also a positive correlation between the Lonstein Group II and GMFCS V. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between the presence of scoliosis and greater involvement of gross motor function (GMFCS V). In patients with deformities, there is also a positive correlation between the Group II of Lonstein and GMFCS V.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rebound Therapy on Gross Motor Functions in a Child with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alaa Noureldeen Kora ◽  
Faten Hassan Abdelaziem
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Modified Ashworth Scale ◽  
Level I

Delayed development of the gross motor function abilities is the main manifestation of cerebral palsy (CP) in all children affected by it. Rebound therapy was introduced to help children with different disabilities such as CP. The aim of this case study was to assess the effect of the rebound therapy on the gross motor function abilities in a child with spastic CP. An eight year old girl with spastic CP of Level I on the gross motor function classification system (GMFSC) and graded 1 on the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was selected to undergo the rebound therapy program using mini trampoline. Gross motor abilities were assessed pre- and post- rebound therapy program. The program was conducted for three successive months - three times / week for half an hour / session. The comparison of pre- and post- treatment results showed that rebound therapy improved the total gross motor function abilities by 3.8%, the sitting function by 5%, the kneeling and crawling functions by 3%, the standing function by 2.7% and the walking, running and jumping functions by 8% in a child with spastic CP. Rebound therapy was effective in improving gross motor function abilities in a child with spastic CP. However, further randomized control trials are recommended.

scholarly journals Identification of the degree of classification of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy at a specialized center / Identificação do grau de classificação da função motora grossa em crianças portadoras de paralisia cerebral de um centro especializado / Identificación del grado de clasificación de la función motora..

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Mayara Antunes Cardoso ◽  
Rogerio Moreira Junior ◽  
Isabel Clarisse Albquerque Gonzaga
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Specialized Center ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Objetivo: identificar o grau de funcionalidade na escala GMFCS em crianças portadoras de paralisia cerebral de um centro especializado. Metodologia: pesquisa de campo, abordagem transversal, quantitativa e descritiva, participaram 72 crianças que estavam em atendimento na Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais. Os dados foram coletados com a aplicação do grau de classificação da função motora grossa, para identificar o nível de comprometimento motor da criança, estes coletados após aprovação do projeto pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Instituto de Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais Professor Camilo Filho com número de CAAE 40691014.6.0000. Resultados: da amostra, houve maior dominância do sexo masculino e nascidos a termo, e mostrando que o grau de classificação da função motora grossa de grau IV como o mais prevalente, e o grau II menos recorrente. Conclusão: as crianças portadoras de paralisia cerebral eram na maioria do sexo masculino e adequadas para a idade gestacional, e que a predominância do grau IV, pode ter ligação com a falta de conhecimento sobre terapias alternativas e imediatas, o que gera um maior prejuízo no desenvolvimento dessas crianças, principalmente ao que se refere à deambulação.Descritores: Paralisia Cerebral. Destreza Motora. Qualidade de Vida.

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