scholarly journals Intestinal protozoa and helminths among Terena Indians in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul: high prevalence of Blastocystis hominis

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ivan Albuquerque Aguiar ◽  
Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves ◽  
Fernando Campos Sodré ◽  
Severino dos Ramos Pereira ◽  
Márcio Neves Bóia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

A parasitological survey was carried out among Terena Indians living in the Tereré settlement in the municipality of Sidrolândia, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Single samples of feces from 313 Indians were processed by means of the spontaneous sedimentation method. In the population studied, 73.5% were infected with at least one intestinal parasite or commensal. Protozoa predominated. Blastocystis hominis (40.9%), Entamoeba coli (33.2%) and Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar (31.6%) were the most common. Bivariate analysis showed that females were generally more infected and presented higher rates of infection by Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar and Entamoeba coli. Males were more infected by hookworms and Strongyloides stercoralis than females. The precarious sanitary conditions of the Tereré settlement are probably a contributory factor towards the high prevalence of intestinal protozoa.

scholarly journals Enteroparasitismo en indígenas Terena en el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Neres Norberg ◽  
Fabiano Guerra-Sanches ◽  
Paulo R. Blanco Moreira-Norberg ◽  
José Tadeu Madeira-Oliveira ◽  
Aluízio Antonio Santa-Helena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

<p><strong>Objetivo </strong>Considerando que más de la mitad de la población mundial está infectada por protozoarios y helmintos intestinales, con alta prevalencia en las zonas más pobres, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar la prevalencia de los parasitismos entre indígenas de la etnia Terena, establecidos en el Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul.</p><p><strong>Metodología </strong>Se examinaron 134 muestras de heces de individuos de la comunidad indígena. Estas se conservaron en solución de Merthiolate-iodo-formol (MIF). Los exámenes de laboratorio fueron realizados por las técnicas de Hoffman, Pons y Janer; Willis y Kinyoun.</p><p><strong>Resultados </strong>Se identificaron infecciones por helmintos nematodos de las especies <em>Ascaris lumbricoides,</em> Ancylostomidae,<em> Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, </em>y<em> Trichuris trichiura</em>; cestodos de la especie <em>Hymenolepis nana, </em>y <em>Taenia</em>spp<em>.</em> También por protozoarios de las especies <em>Cryptosporidium </em>spp.<em>, Giardia lamblia, Endolimax nana, Entamoeba coli, </em>y<em> Entamoeba histolytica</em>. De las muestras investigadas, 23,1% fueron negativas; de los 76,9 % parasitados hubo diferencia estadísticamente no significativa para el parasitismo en hombres y mujeres examinados, de unoa 33 años de edad, y sobre parasitismo mono específico, o con simultaneidad de especies. Como diversidad parasitaria fueron encontradas siete especies de helmintos nematodos y cestodos, y cinco de protozoarios Archamoebae, flagelados y enterozoários. </p><p><strong>Conclusiones</strong> Los resultados fueron la base para la orientación e intervención adecuada, revelando la necesidad de la implantación de medidas gubernamentales y socioeducativas para mejorar las condiciones de vida de esta comunidad.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Intestinal Protozoan Morphology in Human Fecal Specimens Preserved in EcoFix: Comparison of Wheatley’s Trichrome Stain and EcoStain

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1974-1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne S. Garcia ◽  
Robyn Y. Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Mercury Compounds ◽  
Dientamoeba Fragilis ◽  
Color Differences

As a result of disposal problems related to the use of mercury compounds, many laboratories have switched from mercuric chloride-based Schaudinn’s and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) stool preservatives to other, non-mercury-based preservatives. A comparison of organism recoveries and morphologies of the intestinal protozoa was undertaken with PVA containing the EcoFix zinc-based Schaudinn’s preservative (Meridian Diagnostics, Inc.); both Wheatley’s modification of Gomori’s trichrome stain (WT) and EcoStain (ES) were used to stain 51 human fecal specimens. Morphology, clarity of nuclear and cytoplasmic detail, overall color differences, and the ease or difficulty in detecting intestinal protozoa in fecal debris were assessed for the two permanent stained smears. Overall, organism morphology of the intestinal protozoa stained with WT and that of protozoa stained with ES were not equal in nuclear and cytoplasmic detail or range of color. However, the same organisms were identified in stained fecal smears with either WT or ES, with the exception of situations in which organism numbers were characterized as rare. Included were 67 protozoan challenges (number of organisms): Entamoeba histolytica-Entamoeba dispar (5), Entamoeba coli (9),Entamoeba hartmanni (6), Endolimax nana (12),Iodamoeba bütschlii (8), Blastocystis hominis (19), Giardia lamblia (6), Dientamoeba fragilis (2), yeast (2), and leukocytes (2). Five specimens were negative for parasites but contained fecal debris that was compared for morphologic detail and color range. The ES produces a more gray-green monotone with very little pink or red tone; contrast among the various colors is less than that seen with WT. Stain intensity for all organisms was acceptable, and there were no problems with stain deposition. The quality of the protozoan morphology with ES was often comparable to that with WT (36 of 67 [53.7%]) and, in some cases, better (24 of 67 [35.8%]). Organisms on the WT-stained smear exhibited better morphology in a few instances (4 of 67 [6%]), and in three instances, there were discrepant organism numbers.

Prevalência de enteroparasitoses em pacientes atendidos em uma unidade mista de saúde de Beneditinos – PI

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Lopes Sampaio ◽  
Veruska Cavalcanti Barros
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar

As enteroparasitoses pertencem ao grupo de doenças negligenciadas, contribuindo para elevadas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, principalmente, nos países em desenvolvimento. Este estudo avaliou a prevalência de enteroparasitoses em pacientes atendidos em unidade pública de saúde do município Beneditinos - PI. Foram analisados 116 laudos parasitológicos, dos quais foram coletados dados sobre gênero e idade. Do total, 14 laudos (12,2%) apresentaram resultado positivo para alguma enteroparasitose. As maiores prevalências foram observadas em crianças na idade escolar e adultos acima de 56 anos. Os parasitos identificados foram: Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana e Strongyloides stercoralis. Esses resultados estão em consonância com outros estudos, nos quais as precárias condições sanitárias, maus hábitos de higiene e a desinformação em relação às parasitoses potencializam a transmissão desses parasitas. Apesar da baixa prevalência encontrada, os fatores de risco relacionados à transmissão das enteroparasitoses podem variar conforme condições higiênico-sanitárias e socioculturais, causando impactos importantes no custeio da saúde pública e no bem-estar da população. Portanto, medidas de prevenção devem ser asseguradas, como a melhoria das condições socioeconômicas, de saneamento básico e da educação em saúde.

scholarly journals The use of the antifungal agent miconazole as an inhibitor of Blastocystis hominis growth in Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar cultures

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-202
Author(s):  
Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves ◽  
João da Costa Viana ◽  
Edna Maria Pires ◽  
Márcio Neves Bóia ◽  
José Rodrigues Coura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Antifungal Agent ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
High Prevalence

In regions with high prevalence, Blastocystis hominis is frequently found in association with Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar in xenic cultures. Its exacerbated growth is often superimposed on the growth of amebas, thus impeding the continuation of the amebas in the culture, within a few generations. The present study reports on the excellent efficacy (100%) of the antifungal agent miconazole in eliminating B. hominis from cultures of E. histolytica/E. dispar, thereby maintaining the integrity of the trophozoites of the amebas. Nystatin presented low efficacy (33.3%).

Helminth parasites of Leptodactylus podicipinus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from south-eastern Pantanal, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Campião ◽  
R.J. da Silva ◽  
V.L. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Host Record ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
New Host ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Direct Life Cycle

AbstractForty-three specimens of Leptodactylus podicipinus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) were collected in the south-eastern Pantanal, municipality of Corumbá, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil in February and July 2007, and examined for endoparasites. Forty (93%) specimens were infected with at least one helminth species. The predominant parasites were nematodes (Aplectana sp., Cosmocerca podicipinus, Oswaldocruzia lopesi, Physalopteroides venancioi, Rhabdias sp.), but the trematode Catadiscus propinquus also showed high prevalence. The trematodes Infidum infidum and Travtrema stenocotyle were also found, but in only one specimen. Adult frogs showed higher parasite diversity than subadults. Leptodactylus podicipinus was preferentially infected by direct life-cycle parasites and was reported as a new host record for seven helminth species.

scholarly journals Ticks on Didelphis albiventris from a Cerrado area in the Midwestern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Erica Fernanda G. Gomes de Sá ◽  
Vinicius Da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Marcos Valério Garcia ◽  
Namor Pinheiro Zimmermann ◽  
Vanessa Do Nascimento Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Special Relevance ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Didelphis Albiventris

This experiment studied tick fauna associated to Didelphis albiventris Lund 1840 from a Cerrado area (Mato Grosso do Sul State, non-adjoining to Pantanal) inserted in a pasture and agricultural activities matrix, with few natural preserved forest patches. Authors also summarized data on ticks parasitizing Didelphis spp. in Brazil, and discussed infestation patterns in different biomes and locations. Study took place in Cervinho Farm, Bandeirantes Municipality. For captures, Tomahawk-like traps were distributed along two forest patches (30 each) during five nights. Captures occurred monthly (July/2013 to September/2014), sampling both fragments on alternate months. Animals were sedated and ticks were collected and stored in vials containing ethanol (70%) for identification. 51 D. albiventris were captured in 15 campaigns. Tick prevalence was 100%, and 49.5% of the animals were co-infested by two or more tick species. Four parasitizing species were found: Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888 (78 nymphs), Ixodes loricatus Neumann, 1899 (56 adults), Amblyomma dubitatum Neumann, 1899 (45 nymphs), Amblyomma coelebs Neumann, 1899 (32 nymphs) and Amblyomma sp. (123 larvae). A. sculptum was the most abundant tick, but most frequent species were A. coelebs and A. dubitatum, followed by I. loricatus. Co-occurrences of more than two species were observed among all tick pairs. D. albiventris usually presents high prevalence of tick infestation. However, this study presented 100% prevalence. Knowledge of host-parasite relation and interactions between different ticks that coexist on a same host are essential, since such interaction may favor pathogen dissemination. This is of special relevance regarding D. albiventris, known for participating in maintenance of ecological cycles of Spotted Fever Group rickettsiae.

scholarly journals Screening for Parasitic Infection and Tuberculosis in Immunosuppressed and Pre-Immunosuppressed Patients: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Luisa Carnino ◽  
Jean-Marc Schwob ◽  
Dionysios Neofytos ◽  
Maria Lazo-Porras ◽  
François Chappuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Presumptive Treatment ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients

Reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) or latent parasitic infection (LPI) during drug-induced immunosuppression can have serious consequences. The Division of tropical and humanitarian medicine of the Geneva University Hospitals runs a specific consultation for parasitic screening of immunosuppressed or pre-immunosuppressed patients. We sought to determine the seroprevalence of LTBI and LPI in such patients and explore its relationship with country of origin or previous travel in a retrospective, single-centre observational study from 2016 to 2019. Demographic data, travel history, ongoing treatments and results of the parasitological (Strongyloides stercoralis, Trypanosoma cruzi, Echinococcus multilocularis, Entamoeba histolytica and Leishmania spp.) and TB screening were collected to calculate LPI or LTBI prevalence. Risk factors for LTBI and strongyloidiasis were analysed using Poisson regression with robust variance. Among 406 eligible patients, 24/353 (6.8%) had LTBI, 8/368 (2.2%) were positive for Strongyloides stercoralis infection, 1/32 (3.1%) was positive for Entamoeba histolytica and 1/299 (0.3%) was positive for Leishmaniasis. No cases of Trypanosoma cruzi (0/274) or Echinococcus multilocularis (0/56) infection were detected. Previous travel to or originating from high-prevalence countries was a risk factor for LTBI (PR = 3.4, CI 95%: 1.4–8.2 and 4.0, CI 95%: 1.8–8.9, respectively). The prevalence of serological Strongyloidiasis in immunosuppressed patients is lower in comparison to those without immunosuppression (PR = 0.1, CI 95%: 0.01–0.8). In conclusion, screening before immunosuppression needs to be individualized, and LTBI and LPI need to be ruled out in patients who originate from or have travelled to high-prevalence countries. The sensitivity of strongyloidiasis serology is reduced following immunosuppression, so an algorithm combining different tests or presumptive treatment should be considered.

scholarly journals Estandarización de una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (qPCR) para la detección de Strongyloides stercoralis en muestras de materia fecal

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 459-478
Author(s):  
Laura F. Campo-Polanco ◽  
José M. Hernández-Sarmiento ◽  
Luz E. Botero-Palacio ◽  
Lina A. Gutiérrez-Builes
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Giardia Intestinalis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar

Introducción: el diagnóstico de estrongiloidiasis se realiza de rutina en los laboratorios clínicos; sin embargo, su detección se dificulta debido a la baja excreción parasitaria y la baja sensibilidad de las pruebas parasitológicas empleadas. Objetivo: diseñar y estandarizar una PCR en tiempo real (qPCR) para la detección de ADN de Strongyloides stercoralis en muestras de materia fecal. Materiales y métodos: se establecieron las condiciones de qPCR y se evaluaron: a) la especificidad analítica mediante análisis BLASTn de secuencias obtenidas de muestras positivas para Strongyloides stercoralis, b) sensibilidad analítica mediante diluciones seriadas de muestras que contenían larvas de Strongyloides stercoralis y c) la ocurrencia de reacciones cruzadas con otros parásitos e inhibidores de la amplificación. Resultados: se amplificó un fragmento de 101 pb del gen 18S del ARN ribosomal. El valor de Ct osciló entre 23 y 29, tomando un Ct ≤35 como el punto de corte para muestras positivas. El análisis BLASTn de las secuencias obtenidas mostró un porcentaje de identidad del 98% con secuencias 18S del ARN ribosomal de Strongyloides stercoralis reportadas en la NCBI. El límite inferior de detección de la qPCR fue 0,9 ng/µL. No se evidenció reacción cruzada con Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Uncinarias, Hymenolepis nana, Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba hartmanni, Giardia intestinalis e Iodamoeba bütschlii. No se detectaron inhibidores en las muestras de materia fecal. Conclusiones: la sensibilidad y la especificidad analítica de la qPCR comparado con el examen directo de heces son del 100%; sin embargo, aún no es posible interpretar su utilidad clínica.

scholarly journals Ocorrência de Cryptosporidium spp. e outros parasitas em hortaliças consumidas in natura, no Recife

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (suppl) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celiane Gomes Maia da Silva ◽  
Samara Alvachian Cardoso Andrade ◽  
Tânia Lúcia Montenegro Stamford
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar ◽  
Nasturtium Officinale ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a ocorrência de enteroparasitas em hortaliças comercializadas e consumidas em Pernambuco. Foram utilizadas 100 amostras de hortaliças: 40 amostras de alface lisa (Lactuca sativa), 40 de agrião (Nasturtium officinale) e 20 de acelga (Beta vulgaris), provenientes de feiras livres e supermercados. A detecção de Cryptosporidium spp. foi realizada conforme Monge e Arias sendo utilizado dois métodos de coloração, Koster modificado e Ziehl-Nielsen. Foi usada a técnica de sedimentação espontânea de Gelli et al. para a análise parasitológica. As análises de coliformes totais e Escherichia coli foram realizadas de acordo com Andrews. Os resultados obtidos mostraram um percentual de contaminação parasitária em 60% de alface, 30% de agrião e 20% de acelga, destacando-se o Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis e Ancylostoma duodenale dentre os helmintos, e o Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba coli e o complexo Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba díspar, dentre os protozoários com maior freqüência. As hortaliças mais contaminadas por coliformes totais e Escherichia coli foram alface nas amostras de supermercado e agrião em feira livre. Esses dados sugerem a necessidade da adoção de medidas educativas aos produtores, e do monitoramento das águas destinadas à irrigação das hortas.

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