scholarly journals On the adjuvant effect of aluminum hydroxide for mice

1981 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Nelson M. Vaz ◽  
Robert E. Kane ◽  
James M. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Linear Relationships

Linear relationships were found between the dose of A1(OH)3 adjuvant and the titer of anti-OVA antibodies formed by BDF1 mice. Mice immunized with OVA, DNP-KLH and then boosted with DNP-OVA formed anti-DNP antibodies only when A1(OH)3 was added to the injection of DNP-KLH; addition of A1(OH)3 to the priming injection of OVA decreased, rather than increased antibody formation.

scholarly journals Adjuvant effect of TLR7 agonist adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide (AS37): A phase I randomized, dose escalation study of an AS37-adjuvanted meningococcal C conjugated vaccine

2019 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 108275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Gonzalez-Lopez ◽  
Jaap Oostendorp ◽  
Thomas Koernicke ◽  
Tommaso Fadini ◽  
Ugo D'Oro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Tlr7 Agonist

scholarly journals Experiments designed to determine the mechanism of the adjuvant activity of Gram-negative organisms upon antibody production

1962 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Farthing ◽  
L. B. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Production ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
No Adsorption ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Adjuvant Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Characteristic Stress

The characteristics of Gram-negative organisms and some of the underlying reasons for their adjuvant action with diphtheria toxoid are described.The adjuvant effect was shown by an earlier production of antitoxin, with a maintained differential advantage over controls, but with the usual decline in titre with passage of time. The adjuvant effect only occurred with a primary stimulus. There was no adsorption between toxoid and vaccine and mixture of the two was not necessary, but the vaccine had to be given simultaneously with or within 24 hr. following injection of the toxoid. There was evidence for believing that these adjuvants decreased the minimal stimulating dose of antigen and caused hyperplasia of antibody-producing cells. No direct link could be found between the characteristic stress symptoms caused by lipopolysaccharides and their ability to enhance antibody formation.

The Adjuvant Effect of Silicone-Gel on Antibody Formation in Rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. Naim ◽  
Raymond J. Lanzafame ◽  
Carel J. van Oss
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Silicone Gel

Adjuvant Effect of Benzalkonium Chloride on the Allergen-Specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a Antibody Formation in BALB/cJ Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soren Thor Larsen ◽  
Rikke Hansen ◽  
Otto Melchior Poulsen ◽  
Gunnar Damgard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Igg2a Antibody

scholarly journals The Immunogenicity of Capsid-Like Particle Vaccines in Combination with Different Adjuvants Using Different Routes of Administration

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Christoph M. Janitzek ◽  
Philip H. R. Carlsen ◽  
Susan Thrane ◽  
Vijansh M. Khanna ◽  
Virginie Jakob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Bacterial Protein ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Monophosphoryl Lipid A ◽  
Monophosphoryl Lipid ◽  
Vaccine Antigens

Capsid-like particle (CLP) displays can be used to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens, but a better understanding of how CLP vaccines are best formulated and delivered is needed. This study compared the humoral immune responses in mice elicited against two different vaccine antigens (a bacterial protein and a viral peptide) delivered on an AP205 CLP platform using six different adjuvant formulations. In comparison to antibody responses obtained after immunization with the unadjuvanted CLP vaccine, three of the adjuvant systems (neutral liposomes/monophosphoryl lipid A/quillaja saponaria 21, squalene-in-water emulsion, and monophosphoryl lipid A) caused significantly increased antibody levels, whereas formulation with the three other adjuvants (aluminum hydroxide, cationic liposomes, and cationic microparticles) resulted in similar or even decreased antibody responses. When delivering the soluble bacterial protein in a squalene-in-water emulsion, 4-log lower IgG levels were obtained compared to when the protein was delivered on CLPs without the adjuvant. The AP205 CLP platform promoted induction of both IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses, which could be skewed towards a higher production of IgG1 (aluminum hydroxide). Compared to other routes, intramuscular administration elicited the highest IgG levels. These results indicate that the effect of the external adjuvant does not always synergize with the adjuvant effect of the CLP display, which underscores the need for empirical testing of different extrinsic adjuvants.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside Rg1 and Aluminum Hydroxide Synergistically Promote Immune Responses to Ovalbumin in BALB/c Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Sun ◽  
Xiaoming Song ◽  
Songhua Hu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg1 ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Interleukin 5 ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Igg Isotypes ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT The combined adjuvant effect of ginsenoside Rg1 and aluminum hydroxide (alum) on immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice was investigated. BALB/c mice were subcutaneously (s.c.) inoculated twice with OVA alone or in combination with Rg1, alum, or Rg1 plus alum. Samples were collected 2 weeks after the boosting for the measurement of anti-OVA immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotypes in sera and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) produced in singular splenocyte cultures. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses were measured in mice immunized as described above. After 10 days, the mice were injected s.c. with OVA at the footpads. Thereafter, the thickness of the footpads was measured once daily for 5 days. The results indicated that alum enhanced mainly Th2 (IgG1 and IL-5) responses (P < 0.05), while Rg1 enhanced both Th1 (IgG1 and IL-5) and Th2 (IgG2a, IFN-γ, and DTH) responses (P < 0.05). The highest immune responses were found in the mice injected with OVA solution containing both alum and Rg1. In addition, the hemolytic activity of Rg1 was much lower than that of Quil A. Therefore, Rg1 deserves further studies in order to tailor desired immune responses when a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response is needed.

scholarly journals EFEITO ADJUVANTE DO CLORETO DE DIMETILDIOCTADECILAMÔNIO EM PREPARAÇÕES DE TOXÓIDE TETÂNICO

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. SILVA ◽  
E. TAKIUCHI ◽  
A.F. ALFIERI ◽  
A.A. ALFIERI
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cell Immune Response ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Group B

Foram formuladas duas vacinas contendo a mesma concentração de toxina, com o intuito de se avaliar a habilidade do adjuvante cloreto de demetiloctadecilamônio (DDA cloreto) em potencializar a resposta imune em cobaias imunizada com o toxóide tetânico. A vacina A foi adsorvida com hidróxido de alumínio e a vacina B cmpreendia a associação do hidróxido de alumínio e DDA cloreto. Os títulos de antitoxina no soro dos cobaios imunizados foram quantificados por soroneutralização em camundongos frente a uma dose contendo 1 Lp/10 (limite paralítico) de toxina tetânica. A inclusão do DDA cloreto em vacinas constituídas por toxóide tetânico adsorvido com hidróxido de alumínio promoveu maior ativação das respostas imunes humoral e celular de cobaios, quando comparada à resposta imune dos animais que receberam o antígeno adsorvido apenas com o hidróxido de alumínio. Os animais recebedores da vacina B apresentaram títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes 2,66 vezes maiores que os que recebedores a vacina A, demonstrando a potencialização da resposta imune humoral promovida pelo DDA cloreto. A resposta imune celular, avaliada pela reação de hipersensibilidade cutânea tardia, foi 17,8 maior no grupo B. Esses resultados demonstram que o DDA cloreto é um potente ativador da resposta imune humoral e celular de cobaios imunizados com o toxóide tetânico. Adjuvant effect of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium chloride in tetanic toxoid preparations Abstract Two vaccines were formulated with the same concentration of antigen and different adjuvants to assess the performance of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium chloride (DDA chloride) in boosting the immune response in guinea pigs immunized with tetanic toxoid. Vaccine A was adsorbed with aluminum hydroxide and vaccine B contained an association of aluminum hydroxide and DDA chloride. The antitoxin titres in the immunized guinea pig sera were assessed serum neutralization in mice using a toxin containing one Lp/10 dose (paralytic limit). The inclusion of DDA chloride in vaccines made up of tetanic toxoid adsorbed with aluminum hydroxide causes a greater activation of the humoral and cell immune response in guinea pigs when compared with the animals which received the antigen adsorbed only with aluminum hydroxide. The animals which received vaccine B had 2.66 times more neutralizing antibodies than those which received vaccine A, showing the boosting of the humoral immune response caused by DDA chloride. The animals from group B also had a strong immune cell response by the delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, which was 17.8 times higher than group A. These results show that DDA chloride is a potent activator of the humoral and cell immune response in guinea pigs immunized with tetanic toxoid.

The Effect of Adjuvants of Different Groups on the Immunogenicity of Vaccines against Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Т.К. Dzagurova ◽  
M.S. Egorova ◽  
M.V. Balovneva ◽  
A.A. Ishmukhametov ◽  
A.A. Markina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
State University ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines ◽  
Protein Particles ◽  
Vaccine Stability

Effects of different classes of adjuvants (aluminum hydroxide, spherical protein particles, thermolabile В protein, low-endotoxic pyrogen-free lipopolysaccharide) have been studied in order to enhance the immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The Puumala virus-based monovaccine and multivalent vaccine based on Puumala, Hantaan and Sochi viruses were analyzed, and BALB/c mice were used as an animal model. It was shown that low-endotoxic pyrogen-free lipopolysaccharide stimulated the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies and increased the vaccine stability during storage, which allows to reduce the antigenic load of the vaccine. Aluminum hydroxide slightly increased the production of T-cells immune response mediators and did not affect the neutralizing antibodies induction and vaccine stability. Despite the adjuvant effect, it was shown that spherical protein particles and thermolabile В protein were unacceptable for vaccines administered to humans due to the high protein load and toxic effects, respectively. hantavirases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, inactivated vaccines, adjuvants, immune response The authors are grateful to Dr. O.V. Karpova (Department of Virology, Moscow State University) for providing the preparation of spherical particles, and to Dr. A.N. Noskov (Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow) for providing the preparation of the thermolabile enterotoxin B-subunit.

scholarly journals THE USE OF ADJUVANTS IN STUDIES ON INFLUENZA IMMUNIZATION

1952 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas E. Salk ◽  
Angela M. Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Induce Antibody

Untoward reactions at the site of inoculation were not observed in monkeys vaccinated with influenza virus incorporated in a water-in-oil emulsion without acid-fast bacilli. Studies were then made to measure some of the dimensions of antigenicity of these emulsions to evaluate the extent of the immunologic adjuvant effect. This included measurements of height and persistence of the antibody response to inoculation and measurements of the extent to which the vaccine could be diluted and still induce antibody formation; i.e., antigenic extinction. In addition, comparisons were made of the rates of development of hemagglutination-inhibiting, virus-neutralizing, and complement-fixing antibody activities to determine the relationship among these three properties of the serum of immunized animals. It was found that levels of antibody many fold higher were induced by the virus-adjuvant mixtures as compared with virus in an aqueous menstruum, and that the level of antibody induced was related to the quantity of antigen incorporated in the emulsion. The stock vaccine when emulsified could be diluted 100,000-fold and was still active in antibody formation whereas a 100-fold dilution of the antigen without emulsification was essentially ineffective. Equivalent quantities of virus in 0.1 ml. or 1.0 ml. of emulsion induced antibody responses that were indistinguishable with respect to level or persistence. In comparing the course of antibody development it was found that hemagglutination-inhibiting, virus-neutralizing, and complement-fixing antibodies develop at different rates; careful analysis of the data derived from the present study together with other observations warrant the conclusion that these antibody activities are not present in constant proportion and are independent of one another. The implications of this observation and of the others mentioned above are discussed.

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