scholarly journals LEAF GAS EXCHANGE CHARACTERISTICS OF FOUR PAPAYA GENOTYPES DURING DIFFERENT STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIEMAR CAMPOSTRINI ◽  
OSVALDO KIYOSHI YAMANISHI ◽  
CARLOS A. MARTINEZ
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Gas Exchange Characteristics

In this research, was used four papaya (Carica papaya L.) genotypes: three from the 'Solo ( Sunrise Solo TJ, Sunrise Solo 72/12 and Baixinho de Santa Amália) group and one from the 'Formosa' group (Know-You 01). They were grown in plastic pots containing a sandy-clay-loam soil subjected to pH correction and fertilization, under greenhouse conditions. Throughout the experimental period plants were subjected to periodic irrigation to maintain the soil humitidy around field capacity. The experiment was conducted 73 days after sowing. In all genotypes, leaf gas exchange characteristics were determined. The net photosynthetic rate (A, mumol m-2 s-1 ), stomatal conductance (g s mol m-2 s-1), leaf temperature (T I, 0C) and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (ci, muL L-1) on the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th leaves from the plant apex were determined. No significant differences were observed for A, g s, c i, or Tl either among the leaves sampled from any of the genotypes. A was positively correlated with g s and in the other hand T I and g s were negatively correlated. The results suggest that, for 73 DAP, all the sampled papaya leaves functioned as sources of organs.

scholarly journals Cumulative compaction of a clay loam soil by annually repeated field traffic in autumn

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 445-461
Author(s):  
Laura Alakukku ◽  
Paavo Elonen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Penetrometer Resistance ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Loam Soil

The cumulative effects of annually repeated field traffic on soil properties and barley yield were investigated in a field experiment on clay loam. Experimental traffic was applied with a tractor-trailer combination prior to autumn ploughing for four successive years. The trailer single axle load was 5 Mg, The loading intensity was 0, 100 and 300 Mg km ha-1, and both standard and low-profile trailer tyres were used. The effect of early summer irrigation on the yield was also studied. The yield and nitrogen uptake of the crop were determined for four successive years. Soil penetrometer resistance was measured annually after the second loading. The traffic compacted the soil to 0.35 m depth. On average, soil compaction reduced barley yield by 5% and nitrogen uptake by 7%. No annual cumulative increase in the compaction depth or yield reductions was found. Probably only the first loading compacted the subsoil, because the soil was drier than field capacity in the 0.2-0.3 m layer in the following autumns. The use of trailer low-profile tyres did not reduce the depth of compaction or yield losses. On average, early summer irrigation increased grain yield by 34% and nitrogen uptake by 25%, but it did not significantly decrease yield or nitrogen uptake reductions due to compaction.

Quantification des processus de minéralisation et d’organisation de l’azote dans un sol en présence d’amendements organiques

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Jedidi ◽  
O. Van Cleemput ◽  
A. M’Hiri
Keyword(s):  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
N Immobilization ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
Loam Soil

Quantification of the processes of gross mineralization and immobilization is very important to make full nitrogen balances. These processes were quantified in a clay loam soil (S) after application of nitrogen K15NO3 (N) and four organic amendments (two composts of domestic waste of different ages (C1 and C3), residual waste from a treatment plant (B) and farmyard manure (F) as a control). This study was carried out during a 1–2 mo incubation at a temperature of 25 °C and a moisture content of 2/3 of the field capacity. The mineralization and immobilization processes depended on the nature of the organic amendments, their degree of stability and their nitrogen content. N mineralization was correlated with C/N ratios (r = 0.936), N contents (r = 0.880), hemicellulose contents (NDF – ADF) (r = 0.869), (hemicellulose + cellulose + lignin)/N ratios (NDF/N) (r = 0.886) and (cellulose + lignin)/N ratios (ADF/N) (r = 0.869). The immobilization of N was correlated to (cellulose + lignin) contents (ADF) (r = 0.607). The amount of mineralized N (mg kg−1) during this month was in the following decreasing order: S + N + B (94.3) > S + N + F (14.3) > S + N + C3 (4.92) > S + N (− 0.31) > S + N + C1 (−20.1). Organic amendments application favored the process of N immobilization which decreased with the degree of stability of organic materials. The amount of N immobilization (mg kg−1) was in the following decreasing order: S + N + B (53.3), S + N + C1 (49.1), S + N + F (36.72), S + N + C3 (35.6) and S + N (29.1). The loss of nitrogen (between 2 and 20%) was attributed to dénitrification or volatilization. Key words: Mineralization, immobilization, organic amendments, 15N

Effect The Treatments of Biofertilizer and Mineral Fertilizer on Content of N P K of Soil Cultivated With Crop Corn (Zea Mays L).

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-256
Author(s):  
Mohammed Aajmi Salman ◽  
Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Fall Season ◽  
Loam Soil

Beneficial microorganisms play a key role in the availability of ions minerals in the soil and use Randomized Complete Block Desing ( R.C.B.D ). The objective of this paper to the study effect of the of biofertilizer and miniral treatments on availability of NPK for crop corn zea mays L.Two types of biofertilizer are Bacterial Bacillus subtilis and Fungal Trichoderma harianum. Three levels of potassium fertilizer are (2.9533, 0.4000 and 2.9533). A field experiment in fall season of 2018 Has been conducted in silty clay loam soil. The experimental Results indicated that Bacillus and Trichoderma inoculation separately or together Have made a significant effect to increase in the availability of N P K in the soil compare to other treatments. The grain yield is where (2.9533, 0.4000 and 2.9533) of bacterial and fungal bio-fertilizer and potassium fertilizers respectively as compared to the control.

Effect of Cow Manure on Dielectric Properties of Clay Loam Soil at Microwave Frequency

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
Asha Buliya ◽  
◽  
K. C. Pancholi K. C. Pancholi ◽  
R. K. Paliwal R. K. Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil

Degradation of oxyfluorfen in sandy clay loam soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1038-1041
Author(s):  
C Bharathi ◽  
P Murali Arthanari ◽  
C Chinnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Loam Soil

scholarly journals Extension of an extraction method for the determination of 305 organic compounds in clay-loam soil to soils of different characteristics

MethodsX ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101476
Author(s):  
Andrea Acosta-Dacal ◽  
Cristian Rial-Berriel ◽  
Ricardo Díaz-Día ◽  
María del Mar Bernal-Suárez ◽  
Manuel Zumbado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Different Characteristics

Managing organic carbon of sandy clay loam soil with organic amendments to promote particle aggregation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Noman Latif ◽  
Muhammad Arshad Khan ◽  
Qudrat Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Particle Aggregation ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Loam Soil

Experiments measuring the residual effects of nitrogen fertilizers

1965 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Widdowson ◽  
A. Penny
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Potato Yields

The experiment testing N residues (made on a clay-loam soil) clearly showed that N applied for potatoes benefited the following wheat crop, but that N applied for wheat benefited the following potato crop little. There were no worth-while 1. An experiment on a clay-loam soil measured responses to three amounts of nitrogen on alternate crops of wheat and potatoes; these dressings were tested in all combinations with three rates of N applied 1 and 2 years previously. Nitrogen applied for potatoes consistently increased yields of following wheat. The residue from applying 1·5 cwt. N/acre for potatoes was equivalent to topdressing the wheat with 0·55 cwt. N/acre; the value of the residue was decreased by applying N to the wheat. Potato yields were increased little by applying N to the preceding wheat crop and the residues were of little significance when compared with the responses to new N. There was no gain from N applied 2 years previously for either crop.

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