scholarly journals Characteristics of the dairy goat primary sector at the Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edizio Santos Junior ◽  
Ricardo Augusto Mendonça Vieira ◽  
Douglas Sampaio Henrique ◽  
Alberto Magno Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Primary Sector ◽  
Janeiro State

A survey was done based on 19 goat shepherds at counties of Centre-highlands, Northern and North-western regions of the Rio de Janeiro State and at the county of Pedra Dourada, Zona da Mata region, State of Minas Gerais. We aimed to characterise the primary sector of the goat milk production chain settled at those regions. Therefore, questionnaires were applied in order to depict profiles of the shepherds, their families, the role of the wife in the activity, the resources available, dependence on income generated by the activity, and how producers administrate their business. Farms were distributed in five strata according to the following daily milk production averages and standard deviations: 8.8 ± 0.9, 15.7 ± 3.9, 22.6 ± 2.7, 34.4 ± 3.4, and 183.8 ± 54.2 L/d. Approximately 42% of the interviewed producers conducted their activities according to a household production model and the income earned was exclusively from the dairy goat husbandry. Sons and daughters performed an important role in the business (27.80%), but most of them (62.73%) worked out at non farm activities. The percentage of wives that worked directly in the activity (<FONT FACE=Symbol>@</FONT>47%) indicated that it could contribute to gender equity in the rural environment. Most of the production systems (63.16%) presented positive gross margins. We have noticed, however, that shepherds perceived only the business gross margin and that the most accurate registries taken were those related to revenues. In general, producers of the higher strata were favoured by their larger production scale, but asymptotic behaviours for costs and amounts invested in animals, equipments and buildings were observed. These characteristics should be considered when policies related to the dairy goat primary sector have to be planned.

scholarly journals Dairy goat husbandry amongst the household agriculture: herd and economic indexes from a case study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Augusto Mendonça Vieira ◽  
Artur José Cabral ◽  
Paulo Marcelo de Souza ◽  
Alberto Magno Fernandes ◽  
Douglas Sampaio Henrique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Using Data

Two dairy goat systems conducted according to the household model were evaluated in terms of income generation. An enterprise budget analysis was performed using data collected from August, 2004, to July, 2005. Farms named A and B were smallholdings and raised Saanem goats intensively. Herd indexes, incomes, taxes, fuel, energy, concentrates, opportunity costs and interest in capital were computed. Net present value and internal rate of return were estimated to appreciate the business appeal in terms of income generation. Herd indexes were mostly affected by management decisions interfering on the amounts and time-trends related to milk production. Seasonal variation was reduced at unit B due to heat induction, a decision not shared by farmer A. The daily body weight gain of doelings after weaning (89 and 76 g/d for A and B) was low if compared to current recommendations. Average records of lactation (441 and 606 L/doe) and fertility (86.95% and 85.71%) were amongst the literature range. Daily tasks related to unit B consumed 5 hours and 55 minutes for an average milk production of 40.9 L/d, whereas 8 hours and 16 minutes on average were daily spent at unit A in order to produce 32.2 L/d. Unit B presented a total production cost (R$ 0.79548/L) lower than unit A (R$ 1.50239/L), but operated profitably. Unit A presented a positive gross margin (R$ 0.284/L), but operated unprofitably. The income generated on B was equivalent to a monthly salary of R$ 732.96 (US$ 278.52), a competitive income compared to the Brazilian minimum wage of R$ 300.00 (US$ 114.00) paid monthly. These results corroborate the hypothesis that the dairy goat husbandry fits adequately to the household production model and generates income competitively.

scholarly journals Mastitis in dairy goats from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil: profiles of farms, risk factors and characterization of bactéria

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1742-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magna C. Lima ◽  
Marina C.C. Souza ◽  
Isis F. Espeschit ◽  
Pedro A.C.C. Maciel ◽  
Jéssica E. Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT: The Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais has a specialized goat milk production chain. Goat milk is superior in quality compared with milk of other domestic species, and the demand for milk and milk products for the public has increased. Data on dairy goat breeding in Minas Gerais are scarce and relatively old, and this lack of information has limited the implementation of prophylactic measures, especially for mastitis, which represents the biggest sanitary problem for dairy herds. The objective of this work was to characterize mastitis and bacteria associated with it in milking goats in the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais. It also causes socioeconomic problems and market issues for dairy goat farming. A total of 539 lactating goats were examined and 268 individual samples (one for teat) were collected from animals positive for strip cup test and/or the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Microbiological cultures were carried out on blood agar medium and the bacteria were subjected to phenotypic, genotypic and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 28.0% and the clinical prevalence was 2.8%. Bacterial multiplication was obtained in 62% of samples. One hundred eighty seven total bacteria were identified. The most common species identified was Staphylococcus aureus (60%), followed Staphylococcus epidermidis (9.1%,), Escherichia coli (6.9%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (5.9%) e Staphylococcus caprae (4.3%). Bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus presented a profile of resistance to antimicrobials belonging to the beta-lactam class (penicillin, ampicillin and oxacillin) in addition to tetracycline, in contrast to the other antimicrobials tested. Twelve percent of multidrug resistence (MDR) was found in five microregions. Among the bacteria with the highest prevalence of MDR, 38.5% were E. coli and 10.6% were S. aureus. The producers of the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais are technicians who work with specialized dairy breeds and practise good management. However, some measures related to prophylaxis and control of diseases, such as vaccination, have low adherence or are not performed due to a lack of veterinary assistance. This is the first study focusing on this region, which is highly prominent in goat milk production in Brazil. It provides important information that can help in the implementation of measures for the prophylaxis and control of diseases, and for maintenance of a constant supply of products in sufficient quantities and of a quality suitable for the consumer population.

scholarly journals High Uranium Concentrations in the Groundwater of the Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, Mountainous Region

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Godoy ◽  
Paulo Ferreira ◽  
Elder de Souza ◽  
Larisse da Silva ◽  
Isabela Bittencourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Mountainous Region ◽  
Janeiro State

A new species of Gonyleptellus Roewer, 1930 from the mountains of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (29-30) ◽  
pp. 1947-1956
Author(s):  
Ludson Neves de Ázara ◽  
Miguel Medrano ◽  
Adriano Brilhante Kury
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Janeiro State

scholarly journals Características sociodemográficas e clínicas de pacientes portadoras de cardiomiopatia periparto: contribuições para a enfermagem [Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of peripartum cardiomyopathy patients: contributions to nursing] [Características sociodemográficas y clínicas de pacientes portadoras de cardiomiopatía periparto: contribuciones a la enfermería]

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. e32033
Author(s):  
Tamires Grama dos Santos ◽  
Karla Biancha Silva de Andrade ◽  
Flávia Giron Camerini ◽  
Andrezza Serpa Franco ◽  
Ana Lúcia Cascardo Marins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care ◽  
Janeiro State

Objetivo: identificar as características clínicas e sociodemográficas das pacientes portadoras de cardiomiopatia periparto em unidade cardiointensiva de um hospital universitário no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, de análise documental em cinco prontuários, entre janeiro de 2014 a dezembro de 2016, obedecendo aos critérios preestabelecidos de inclusão e exclusão e iniciado após aprovação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa. Os dados foram coletados mediante um formulário próprio, tabulados em planilhas eletrônicas e analisados através de estatística descritiva simples. Resultados: houve predominância de idade entre 26-35 anos – 4 (80%), multíparas, etnia parda, internação para pós-operatório de parto cesárea – 4 (80%), internação inferior a 2 semanas 4 (80%). Dentre os problemas de enfermagem encontrados, estão o débito cardíaco diminuído e padrão respiratório ineficaz. Conclusão: divulgar as características sociodemográficas e clínicas dessa clientela pode ajudar a delimitar alguns problemas de enfermagem representativos nessa população.ABSTRACTObjective: to identify the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy in a cardiac intensive care unit of a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro State. Method: this quantitative, cross-sectional, documentary analysis studied five medical records, between January 2014 and December 2016, according to pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria, after approval by the research ethics committee. Data were collected using a specific form, tabulated in electronic spreadsheets, and analyzed by simple descriptive statistics. Results: subjects were aged predominantly 26-35 years (4; 80%), multiparous, skin color brown, admitted for caesarean section postoperative care (4; 80%), and for less than 2 weeks (4; 80%). The nursing problems encountered included decreased cardiac output and ineffective respiratory pattern. Conclusion: disclosure of this clientele’s sociodemographic and clinical characteristics can help to delimit some representative nursing problems in this population.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar las características clínicas y sociodemográficas de las pacientes portadoras cardiomiopatía periparto en una unidad de cuidados intensivos coronarios de un hospital universitario en el Estado de Río de Janeiro. Método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal, de análisis documental en cinco historias clínicas, entre enero de 2014 y diciembre de 2016, obedeciendo a los criterios preestablecidos de inclusión y exclusión e iniciado tras la aprobación del Comité de Ética en Investigación. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de un formulario propio, tabulados en planillas electrónicas y analizados a través de estadística descriptiva simple Resultados: hubo predominancia de edad entre 26 y 35 años – 4 (80%), multíparas, etnia parda, internación para postoperatorio de parto cesárea - 4 (80%), internación inferior a 2 semanas – 4 (80%). Entre los problemas de enfermería encontrados, están el débito cardíaco disminuido y el patrón respiratorio ineficaz. Conclusión: divulgar las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de esa clientela puede ayudar a delimitar algunos problemas de enfermería representativos en esa población.

Role of Lanthanides in the Traceability of the Milk Production Chain

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (20) ◽  
pp. 4200-4208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Aceto ◽  
Davide Musso ◽  
Elisa Calà ◽  
Fabio Arieri ◽  
Matteo Oddone
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Chain

Organochlorine compound accumulation in delphinids from Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazilian coast

2012 ◽  
Vol 433 ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lailson-Brito ◽  
Paulo R. Dorneles ◽  
Cláudio E. Azevedo-Silva ◽  
Tatiana L. Bisi ◽  
Lara G. Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Organochlorine Compound ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Janeiro State

scholarly journals The snake community of Serra do Mendanha, in Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil: composition, abundance, richness and diversity in areas with different conservation degrees

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAL. Pontes ◽  
RC. Pontes ◽  
CFD. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Banana Plantations ◽  
Janeiro State

We studied and compared parameters of the snake community of the Serra do Mendanha, Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil (22º 48'-22º 51' S and 43º 31'-43º 28' W), such as: abundance distribution, richness, species diversity and biomass, between forested areas, areas under regeneration and agriculture areas (banana plantations); to obtain information about the natural history and facilitate the development of future research. For capturing the snakes we used: pitfall traps, drift-fences and visual search (diurnal and nocturnal) along four transects for each habitat. The captured snakes were measured with a tape and caliper, weighed with dynamometers and sexed with the use of a catheter. The animals marked (with ventral scales cut) were released for posterior recapture. One individual per species was fixed and deposited at the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. We undertook an effort of 840 man/hour, and captured a total of 207 snakes belonging to 25 species (Colubridae 80.2%, Elapidae 12.6%, Viperidae 6.3% and Boidae 0.9%). The most abundant were: Liophis miliaris (n = 33), Micrurus corallinus and Chironius fuscus (both with n = 26); the least abundant: Elapomorphus quinquelineatus, Siphlophis compressus and Tropidodryas serra (all with n = 1). The species that contributed the greatest biomass were Spilotes pullatus (7,925 g), Chironius laevicollis (4,694 g), Liophis miliaris (3,675 g) and Pseustes sulphureus (3,050 g); those that contributed the lowest biomass were: Siphlophis compressus, Tropidodryas serra (both with 4 g) and Elapomorphus quinquelineatus (3 g). We found significant differences between the sampled habitats at the Serra do Mendanha (undisturbed forest, secondary forest and banana plantations). The results showed that a great reduction in the abundance, richness, diversity and biomass of the snakes occurs when the native forest is replaced by banana plantations.

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