scholarly journals Comparative leaf morphology and anatomy of three Asteraceae species

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Milan ◽  
Adriana Hissae Hayashi ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Mature Leaf ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Secretory Cavities ◽  
Mikania Glomerata ◽  
Secretory Ducts

The objective of this paper was to describe and compare the morphology and anatomy of mature leaves of Mikania glomerata Spreng., Porophyllum ruderale Cass. and Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae) species that have different habits emphasizing their secretory structures. Longitudinal and transversal sections of mature leaf blades of the three species were analyzed at the apex, base, and medium third part of the midvein of the leaf blade and of the margin. M. glomerata had uniseriate glandular trichomes and secretory ducts; P. ruderale had hydathodes and secretory cavities; and V. condensata had idioblasts and uni-and biseriate glandular trichomes.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic implications of the anatomical study of the Amburaneae clade (Fabaceae: Faboideae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
João Pedro Silvério Pena Bento ◽  
Edna Scremin-Dias ◽  
Flávio Macedo Alves ◽  
Vidal De Freitas Mansano ◽  
Ângela Lúcia Bagnatori Sartori
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Secretory Cavities ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Vegetative Characters

Abstract Phylogenetic analyses of early-diverging Faboideae have indicated that genera previously positioned in distinct tribes are instead closely related, e.g. in the Amburaneae clade, and the relatively recent rearrangements of many genera into clades has hampered the identification of morphological synapomorphies for previously unrecognized clades. Our aims are to evaluate anatomical vegetative characters of leaflets attached to reproductive features in the Amburaneae clade, to identify new synapomorphies for the clade and subclades, to identify characters supporting intergeneric relationships and diagnostic characters for the genus and species and to provide information about the morphology and histochemistry of secretory structures. The study was based on the anatomy of the leaflet of 19 species of the Amburaneae clade. Papillae cells, the presence of vascular system units and hypodermis are shared features of Amburaneae. Anatomical characters of the leaflet can be diagnostic at the generic and specific levels in Amburaneae. Secretory structures found in the clade are secretory cavities, secretory channels, idioblasts, mucilaginous epidermal cells and glandular trichomes. The broader concept of Amburaneae is reinforced here by morphological and molecular data, with the identification of new synapomorphies. Our dataset supports the intergeneric relationships resolved by molecular data.

Anatomy of vegetative organs with an emphasis on the secretory structures of two species of Aldama (Asteraceae–Heliantheae)

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuane Oliveira ◽  
Aline Bertolosi Bombo ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-Da-Glória
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Anatomical Analysis ◽  
Secretory Cavities ◽  
Underground System

Aldama arenaria (Baker) E.E.Schill. & Panero and Aldama robusta (Gardner) E.E.Schill. & Panero are aromatic plants, morphologically very similar and usually confused on the analysis of exsiccates. The present study aimed to identify the secretory structures present in vegetative organs and to survey for anatomical features with diagnostic value between A. arenaria and A. robusta based on an examination of these organs. Aldama arenaria and A. robusta exhibit hydathodes in the dentate ornamentations of the leaf margins and apices in addition to glandular trichomes, secretory cavities and ducts, all of which vary with respect to type and location in each species. Xylopodia and adventitious roots constitute the underground system. The xylopodium is covered by epidermis or by suberised cells resulting from periclinal divisions of parenchyma cells. The tuberisation process of adventitious roots results mainly from hypertrophy and hyperplasia of medullary cells, especially in A. arenaria. Through anatomical analysis, useful features for distinction between A. arenaria and A. robusta in exsiccates and fresh materials were identified, and these features were related mainly to the position and frequency of secretory structures.

MORPHOLOGY, DISTRIBUTION, AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF SECRETORY STRUCTURES IN VEGETATIVE ORGANS OF SANTOLINA LEUCANTHA BERTOL. (ASTERACEAE)

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marta Pagni ◽  
Antonio Masini
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Secretory Ducts

In the vegetative organs of Santolina leucantha Bertol. (Anthemideae), two distinct types of secretory structures are present: Internal secretory ducts and external glandular trichomes. The ducts are variable in morphology and location, depending on the organ in which they are present. The trichomes, however, show the same structure everywhere. In the roots, there are also scattered cells rich in secretion that are distributed in the periphery of the cortical cylinder. The histochemical analysis of the secretion reveals the presence in all the vegetative organs of many important secondary compounds. Vegetative secretory structures are similar to those in the capitulum we have described in a previous paper.

SECRETORY STRUCTURES IN ARTEMISIA NITIDA BERTOL. (ASTERACEAE)

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Corsi ◽  
Silvia Nencioni
Keyword(s):  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Secretory Ducts

Artemisia nitida Bertol. has not been studied so far from a pharmaco-biological point of view. In the present work some results of morphological and histochemical studies on the secretory structures are given. The secretory structures are of two types: glandular trichomes, and secretory ducts whose secretion is quite similar but not identical. Taking all the precautions needed for the histochemical interpretation of the results, we can assume that the glandular trichomes and secretory ducts contain an oleoresin whose main constituents are terpenoids, steroids, and sesquiterpene lactones. Their presence in A. nitida justifies both biological and economic interest in this Italian species.

Diversity of leaf secretory structures in five Neotropical genera of Primulaceae: ecological aspects and evolutionary significance

Botany ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Nunes de Luna ◽  
Maria de Fátima Freitas ◽  
Claudia Franca Barros
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Meristem Cell ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Secretory Cavities ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Mode Of Development

Many species of Primulaceae have chemical or medicinal importance, directly related to the presence of an important set of secretory structures distributed throughout the entire plant. Such structures are not only relevant in a pharmaceutical context, but also for taxonomic, systematic, and evolutionary studies within the family. Despite this, studies of the secretory structures in Primulaceae are still scarce. In this context, we aimed to identify and classify the diversity of secretory structures on the leaves of five Neotropical Primulaceae genera belonging to the Myrsinoideae and Theophrastoideae subfamilies, using light, confocal, and epifluorescence microscopy analysis. The species we studied had a diversity of secretory structures: mucilaginous and phenolic-content idioblasts, glandular trichomes, hydathodes, and secretory cavities/ducts. The development of secretory cavities and trichomes is asynchronous and begins before tissue and leaf maturation. Secretory cavities derive from a ground meristem cell and follow a schizogenous mode of development. The chemical nature of the secretion is diverse and varies according to the type of secretory structure and among species. Here, we hypothesize that both peltate glandular trichomes and secretory cavities may be considered a synapomorphy for Primulaceae. Moreover, we suggest that environmental factors have shaped the diversification of function of the secretory structures found in Primulaceae.

Leaf secretory tissues in Myrsine coriacea and Myrsine venosa (Primulaceae): ontogeny, morphology, and chemical composition of essential oils

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 757-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Nunes de Luna ◽  
Anna Carina Antunes e Defaveri ◽  
Alice Sato ◽  
Humberto Ribeiro Bizzo ◽  
Maria de Fátima Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Leaf Primordia ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Secretory Cavities ◽  
First Time

Secretory structures are an outstanding feature in Primulaceae (Ericales). Such structures are known for their taxonomical and medicinal importance. However, a detailed morphological study of the secretory structures in Primulaceae has been neglected. Selected species for this study belong to Myrsine, a widely distributed genus in Brazil, popularly known as “capororoca”. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the ontogenesis of the secretory structures in the leaves of Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem & Schult. and Myrsine venosa A.DC. and report, for the first time, on the composition of their essential oils. The following secretory structures are found in M. coriacea and M. venosa: idioblasts, glandular trichomes, and secretory cavities. The development of all secretory structures, which is asynchronous, occurs during leaf expansion and differentiation; therefore, in leaf primordia, the same type of secretory structure could be observed at different stages of differentiation. By the complete expansion of leaf primordia, all secretory structures have reached their full size. Idioblasts are derived from both protodermal and ground meristem cells and they secrete mucilage or phenolic compounds. The glandular trichomes can be peltate, as found in both species, or branched, as found only in M. coriacea. Trichomes are initiated by the enlargement of protodermal cells, followed by their division, and they are completely formed by the end of leaf expansion. Secretory cavities are schizogenous and originated from ground meristem cells. Major components from M. coriacea essential oils were β-elemene, γ-muurolene, and α-cadinene, while the major components of M. venosa essential oils were β-caryophyllene, γ-muurolene, and δ-cadinene.

scholarly journals Influence of environment on the leaf morpho-anatomy and histochemical of the ayahuasca leaf: Populations cultivated in extra-Amazonian regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e50369
Author(s):  
Ordilena Ferreira de Miranda ◽  
Saulo Eduardo Xavier Franco De Souza ◽  
Rodrigo José Milan ◽  
Aline Borges Bueno ◽  
Marcilio de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Stomata Density ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Secretory Ducts

Psychotria viridis Ruiz & Pav. (Rubiaceae) occurs naturally throughout the Amazon and it is traditionally used by indigenous communities, being incorporated into religious use in urban contexts over the last few decades. It is known and cultivated in many regions of South America for possessing valuable bioactive alkaloids. In this paper, we described P. viridis leaf morphology, anatomy and histochemistry from three populations cultivated in the southeastern Brazil, in order to identify possible adaptations to local environment and management. All plants presented terminal stipules and basic morpho-anatomical patterns of leaves, consistent with most species of the genus, as heterogeneous dorsiventral mesophyll, uniseriate epidermis, presents large cells with prominent vacuoles and druses. Unicellular non-glandular trichomes and multicellular starry trichomes were present in the primary and secondary veins. Amphi-hypostomatic leaf pattern, not yet described for the species, was common in all studied plants. Variation in the presence of domatia in the same population indicates that this structure cannot be used for taxonomic determination of P. viridis, as already described for other species of the genus. Presence of secretory ducts and reduction in stomata density and leaf area represent the main morpho-anatomic adaptations of plants from drier and warmer climates. Histochemical tests were positive for alkaloids, polysaccharides, proteins and phenolic compounds, being negative for starch only in plants subjected to water stress. We concluded that the morpho-anatomical and histochemical alterations found in the plants of this study resulted from seasonal water deficit adaptations and to maintain or attract mutualistic organisms.

scholarly journals Presumed domatia are actually extrafloral nectaries on leaves of Anacardium humile (Anacardiaceae)

Rodriguésia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Stechhahn Lacchia ◽  
Elisabeth Emilia Augusta Dantas Tölke ◽  
Diego Demarco ◽  
Sandra Maria Carmello-Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Extrafloral Nectaries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Mutualistic Interaction ◽  
Young Leaves

Presumed domatia are actually extrafloral nectaries on leaves ofAnacardium humile (Anacardiaceae), a species from the Brazilian savannah, is associated with foraging ants, which leads to the description of the structure of its leaves as domatia. However, the ants collect secretions on the leaves, a phenomenon that inspired us to elucidate this structure. To this end, we conducted an analysis of the distribution, micromorphology, anatomy and histochemistry of these supposed domatia. They are located in the axil of thicker leaf veins and are composed of glandular trichomes which exude glucose; they are, therefore, described here as extrafloral nectaries (EFNs). The nectariferous trichomes are located at the same level as the other epidermal cells on young leaves, while in mature leaves they were found in depressions of the leaf blade. The secretory activity of EFNs is limited to juvenile phases, becoming degenerated in mature leaves. Carbohydrates and lipophilic compounds were detected in the produced secretion. It can be concluded that the presence of ants foraging leaves to collect from EFNs indicates a mutualistic interaction, with the plant providing a sugar resource to the ants in return for protection against herbivory since they are present in developing leaves.

scholarly journals Secretory Cavities and Volatiles of Myrrhinium Atropurpureum Schott var. atropurpureum (Myrtaceae): An Endemic Species Collected in the Restingas of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600
Author(s):  
Cristiane Pimentel Victório ◽  
Claudio B. Moreira ◽  
Marcelo da Costa Souza ◽  
Alice Sato ◽  
Rosani do Carmo de Oliveira Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Nile Blue ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Secretory Cavities

In this study, we investigated the leaf anatomy and the composition of volatiles in Myrrhinium atropurpureum var. atropurpureum endemic to Rio de Janeiro restingas. Particularly, leaf secretory structures were described using light microscopy, and histochemical tests were performed from fresh leaves to localize the secondary metabolites. To observe secretory cavities, fixed leaf samples were free-hand sectioned. To evaluate lipophilic compounds and terpenoids the following reagents were employed: Sudans III and IV, Red oil O and Nile blue. Leaf volatiles were characterized by gas chromatography after hydrodistillation (HD) or simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE). Leaf analysis showed several cavities in mesophyll that are the main sites of lipophilic and terpenoid production. Monoterpenes, which represented more than 80% of the major volatiles, were characterized mainly by α- and β-pinene and 1,8-cineole. In order to provide tools for M. atropurpureum identification, the following distinguishing characteristics were revealed by the following data: 1) adaxial face clear and densely punctuated by the presence of round or ellipsoidal secretory cavities randomly distributed in the mesophyll; 2) the presence of cells overlying the upper neck cells of secretory cavities; 3) the presence of numerous paracytic stomata distributed on the abaxial leaf surface, but absent in vein regions and leaf margin; and 4) non-glandular trichomes on both leaf surfaces. Our study of the compounds produced by the secretory cavities of M. atropurpureum led us to conclude that volatile terpenoid class are the main secretory compounds and that they consist of a high concentration of monoterpenes, which may indicate the phytotherapeutic importance of this plant.

Karakter Morfologi Daun Ubi Jalar Sebagai Bahan Pangan Suku Dani Distrik Kurulu Jayawijaya

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonius Suparno ◽  
Opalina Logo ◽  
Dwiana Wasgito Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Leaf Vein ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Tuber Roots

Sweet potato serves as a staple food for people in Jayawijaya. Many cultivars of sweet potatoes have been cultivated by Dani tribe in Kurulu as foot for their infant, child and adult as well as feeding especially for pigs. Base on the used of sweet potatoes as food source for infant and child, this study explored 10 different cultivars. As for the leaf morphology, it was indentified that the mature leaves have size around 15 � 18 cm. general outline of the leaf is reniform (40%), 60% have green colour leaf, 50% without leaf lobe, 60% of leaf lobes number is one, 70% of shape of central leaf lobe is toothed. Abazial leaf vein pigmentation have purple (40%), and petiole pigmentation is purple with green near leaf (60%), besides its tuber roots, sweet potatoes are also harvested for its shoots and green young leaves for vegetables.

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