scholarly journals Responses of Diabrotica speciosa to a semiochemical trap characteristics

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 975-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iara Cintra de Arruda-Gatti ◽  
Flávia Augusta Cloclet da Silva ◽  
Maurício Ursi Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Volatile Attractant ◽  
Yellow Traps ◽  
Green Bottle ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Corn Fields ◽  
Lagenaria Vulgaris

Responses of Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to a semiochemical trap characteristics were investigated in the field. The trap consisted of plastic bottles with several perforations (0.5 cm diameter and 2.0 cm distance each other) and containing Lagenaria vulgaris L. (Cucurbitaceae) powder as cucurbitacin (arrestant and phagostimulant) source (0.28%). In common bean fields, transparent green traps caught significantly more males and females beetles than yellow, transparent and white traps. Yellow traps caught significantly more females than white traps. Transparent green and yellow traps baited with the volatile attractant 1,4-dimethoxybenzene caught 4.08 and 2.72 times more beetles than unbaited, respectively. Higher number of beetles was caught by 2L bottle traps than 1, 0.5 and 0.25 mL. In corn fields, transparent green bottle traps caught significantly more beetles in Campo Mourão and similar captures were found in Londrina field.

scholarly journals Trap attributes influencing capture of Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on common bean fields

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Ursi Ventura ◽  
Claudio Cezar Mariano Resta ◽  
Daiane Heloísa Nunes ◽  
Fabio Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plastic Bottle ◽  
Volatile Attractant ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Rubber Septa ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
Floral Volatile ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Field Traps ◽  
Trap Placement

Refinements in trap characteristics may improve ability to monitor and mass-trap beetles. Field assays were conducted in common bean fields to assess responses of Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) to some trap characteristics. Golden yellow plastic cups (750 mL) traps caught more D. speciosa females and males than did clear traps. Carrot slices in Petri dishes baited with Lagenaria vulagaris L. powder (cucurbitacin source - 0.28%) caught more beetles than did dishes with carrot alone. Dispensers for the floral volatile attractant 1,4-dimethoxybenze were also compared. Rubber septa dispenser attracted more beetles than did control (dental wicks saturated with acetone). Captures on dental wick, starch matrix and feminine pad dispensers were intermediate and did not differ from those on rubber septa and unbaited controls. Perforated bottle traps (2000 mL), when baited with the floral attractant, caught more beetles than did window bottle traps (both traps contained L. vulgaris powder) in most assessments done from two to ten days after trap placement in the field. Traps with the insecticide carbaryl captured more beetles than did traps without it, 2-4 and 8-10 days after trap placement in the field, but not in the remaining periods (0-2, 4-6 and 6-8 days). Traps baited with 1,4-dimethoxybenzene captured more beetles than did the unbaited ones in all assessments (each other day from two to ten days after trap placement in the field). Finally, similar amounts of beetles were captured using plastic bottle traps (2000 mL): perforated, window (both with cucurbitacin) and sticky (without cucurbitacin) traps, when were baited with the floral attractant.

scholarly journals Attraction of Astylus variegatus (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Melyridae) by volatile floral attractants

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Ursi Ventura ◽  
Tania Pereira ◽  
Daiane Heloisa Nunes ◽  
Iara Cintra de Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Plastic Strip ◽  
Feeding Stimulant ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
And Control ◽  
Lagenaria Vulgaris

The beetle Astylus variegatus (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Melyridae) is frequently found in flowers feeding on pollen. Responses of A. variegatus to volatile floral attractants were studied in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) fields. Traps originally designed to capture Diabrotica speciosa (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), consisted of plastic bottles (2 L) with 150 holes (5-mm diameter) yellow gold painted and containing inside a plastic strip (3.5 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> 25 cm) with Lagenaria vulgaris (L.) powder (0.28% B cucurbitacin - feeding stimulant and arrestant for diabroticites) sprayed with carbaril insecticide. Treatments consisted of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (one or two dispensers per trap), 1,4-dimethoxybenze + indole, 1,4-dimethoxybenzene + cinnameldehyde and control. Volatile average release rates (over ten days) was approximately 32 mg day-1 per dispenser under laboratory conditions. 1,4-dimethoxybenzene-lured traps caught significantly more beetles than the control, three and seven days after trap setting. Ten days after the onset of the experiment, there were no differences in number of beetles caught by treatments. Captures were higher in the 1,4-dimethoxybenzene + cinnamaldehyde treatment than in 1,4-dimethoxybenzene only in the first assessment. Adding indole to 1,4-dimethoxybenzene did not improve beetle captures.

scholarly journals Attractant Pheromone of the Neotropical SpeciesNeomegalotomus parvus(Westwood) (Heteroptera: Alydidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Alberto Laumann ◽  
Miguel Borges ◽  
Jeffrey R. Aldrich ◽  
Ashot Khrimian ◽  
Maria Carolina Blassioli-Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Chemical Ecology ◽  
Laboratory Bioassay ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
Attractant Pheromone ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Female Specific

The Neotropical broad-headed bug,Neomegalotomus parvus(Westwood), is adapted to various leguminous crops and is considered a pest in common bean and soybean. The chemical communication of this species was studied in order to identify an attractant pheromone. Males and females ofN. parvusproduce several short-chain esters and acids, and their antennae showed electrophysiological responses to five of these compounds, three common to both sexes (hexyl butanoate, 4-methylhexyl butanoate, and hexyl hexanoate), and two female-specific compounds (4-methylhexyl pentanoate and hexyl pentanoate). Both aeration extracts of females and a solution containing five synthetic compounds mimicking the natural blend were attractive to males and femalesN. parvusin a laboratory bioassay. Aspects of the chemical ecology of the broad-headed bugs and the possibility to use pheromone-baited traps in the field for monitoring are discussed.

scholarly journals Response of Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to 1,4-dimethoxybenzene and analogs in common bean crop

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1333-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco de Assis Marques ◽  
Edison Perevalo Wendler ◽  
Alexandra Macedo ◽  
Celso Luiz Wosch ◽  
Beatriz Helena Sales Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Aromatic Ring ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
Bean Crop

Several synthetic and commercial analogs of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, a kairomone of Diabrotica speciosa, along with other compounds already shown to be attractive to other species of Diabrotica, were tested as attractant to D. speciosa. Yellow cup traps were lured with the compounds and installed in a common bean field. Assessments were conducted 24 h later. 1,4-dimethoxybenzene lured traps caught significantly more beetles than the control traps. Captures of traps lured with 1,4-dimethoxybenzene analogs did not differ from the control traps. Results showed that position and nature of the substituents on the aromatic ring played a crucial role in the activity of the natural compound. The aromatic ring was also very important to the activity of the kairomone.

scholarly journals Biology, Reproductive Capacity, and Foliar Consumption of Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Different Host Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crébio José Ávila ◽  
Darque Ratier Bitencourt ◽  
Ivana Fernandes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Adult Phase ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Bean Leaves

Diabrotica speciosa is considered one of the most important agricultural pests in Latin America. Attacks various plant species including fructiferous, vegetable, cucurbit, dicotyledonous, and gramineous crops. The goal of this work was to evaluate the influence of different host plants, offered during the larval and adult stages of D. speciosa on their development, reproductive capacity, and foliar consumption. The insects were reared with corn in the larval stage and offered common bean, corn, soybean, forage turnip and wheat in the adult phase. In another essay, the larvae were reared with bean, soybean, forage turnip, corn, wheat, potato and adult stage offered only leaves of common beans to the insects. The insects reared with corn and fed on common bean leaves in the adult phase produced bigger numbers of eggs in contrast to the insects fed on other host plants. The longevity of adult specimens and the oviposition period were greater when adults of D. speciosa were fed on soybean, forage turnip, and common bean leaves, but these parameters were reduced in the insects fed on corn and wheat leaves. The viability of D. speciosa during the immature stage was greater when the larvae were fed with potato tubers or corn seedlings. However, the larvae reared on potato tubers exhibited a longer development period in contrast to larvae fed on other plants. In the foliar consumption tests, common bean leaves were preferred by adult of D. speciosa in contrast to other plants (soybean, corn and forage turnip) offered under free-choice conditions. On the other hand, in confinement conditions, common bean was preferred by insects when compared to turnip or corn leaves. The results showed that corn was the best food for the larval development of D. speciosa while common bean represented the most suitable host for the adults.

scholarly journals Antifeedant activity of Melia azedarach (L.) extracts to Diabrotica speciosa (Genn.)(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) beetles

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Ursi Ventura ◽  
Márcio Ito
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antifeedant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Consumption ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
Bean Leaves

Studies were carried out to determine the antifeedant activity of extracts of leaves, stems, flowers and fruits of Melia azedarach (L.), the dosage activity responses to the most active extract and the effects of sunlight in the activity persistence to Diabrotica speciosa (Genn.) beetles. Extracts efficiency was determined by evaluating leaf consumption. Insect feeding was deterred by stems, fruits and flowers extracts. Flowers and fruits extracts were the most efficient. Stems extract was in an intermediate position between the two most efficient and the least one (leaf extracts). The most active extract (flowers) was sprayed at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 g/100 ml. Feeding of D. speciosa on common bean leaves extracts decreased significantly with increasing concentrations of flowers extract, responding in a concentration-dependent manner. Two days after spraying, from 4 to 7 g/100 ml concentrations, feeding was totally inhibited. Four days after spraying, feeding occurred in 4-g/100 ml concentration. When common bean plants exposed to sunlight were sprayed with flowers extract (5-g/100 ml), beetles feeding increased gradually after extract spraying. Results showed that the lack of activity under sunlight conditions was a great limitation to use M. azedarach aqueous extracts.

Application of Pluronic gel to the study of root-knot nematode behaviour

Nematology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congli Wang ◽  
Steven Lower ◽  
Valerie M. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Host Attraction ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Volatile Attractant ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Abstract Pluronic F-127 is a stable, non-toxic, copolymer that forms a gel at room temperature and a liquid at 15°C when the concentration is 20-30%. Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) second-stage juveniles can move freely through the gel and display attraction toward roots of tomato, Medicago truncatula, common bean and Arabidopsis. The excellent clarity of the gel allows examination of behavioural changes in the nematode as it reaches and infects its host. Attraction assays showed that Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita move to roots much more rapidly than does M. hapla. Nematodes form aggregates when in contact with root tips suggesting that the presence of a signal from the nematode or from the root is involved in the attraction. Nematodes suspended in Pluronic gel without roots aggregate into balls after 1 to 2 days. A coverslip placed on the gel accelerates and serves as a focus for the aggregation, suggesting that lower oxygen, or perhaps a volatile attractant, is involved in this behaviour. These observations demonstrate that Pluronic gel is a useful medium for dissecting attraction of root-knot nematodes to their hosts and for studying additional aspects of their behaviour.

scholarly journals Isca amilácea de cucurbitacina (Lagenaria vulgaris L.) promove maior eficiência do inseticida carbaril no controle de Diabrotica speciosa, em laboratório

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 2119-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Yatie Mikami ◽  
Maurício Ursi Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Lagenaria Vulgaris

Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) é uma importante praga polífaga na América Latina. Seu controle é realizado com inseticidas sintéticos, o que causa problemas ambientais. Desse modo, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a isca amilácea de cucurbitacina (Lagenaria vulgaris L.) associada ao inseticida carbaril no controle de D. speciosa em laboratório. Foram realizados testes de múltipla escolha pareados e confinamento com insetos adultos. Os tratamentos foram: isca amilácea de cucurbitacina, isca + carbaril, apenas carbaril e a testemunha (água destilada). As soluções foram pulverizadas em plantas de milho mantidas em casa-de-vegetação. Folhas foram retiradas para realização dos ensaios em laboratório e sete avaliações (três, cinco, sete, dez, 12, 14 e 17 dias após a aplicação) foram realizadas. Foram avaliados o consumo foliar e a mortalidade. A isca de cucurbitacina exerceu efeito fagoestimulante aos adultos de D. speciosa. A adição da isca ao carbaril aumentou a eficiência do inseticida.

RESPONSIVENESS OF DELIA SPP. (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE) TO COLORED STICKY TRAPS IN FLOWERING AND ROSETTE STAGE CANOLA

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Vernon ◽  
James S. Broatch
Keyword(s):  
Delia Radicum ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Color Response ◽  
Yellow Traps ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Cabbage Maggot

AbstractThe responses of adult cabbage maggot [Delia radicum (L.)], turnip maggot [D. floralis (Fallén)], radish maggot [D. planipalpis (Stein)], and seedcorn maggot [D. platura (Meigen)] to sticky traps painted blue, yellow, green, non-UV-reflecting white, or UV-reflecting white, were determined in a field of canola (Brassica rapa cv. Tobin) at the rosette and flowering stages. Traps colored white, blue, or yellow generally caught higher numbers of D. radicum, D. floralis, and D. planipalpis than did traps colored green or UV-reflecting white. Depending on the crop developmental stage and its background color, response to color sometimes differed both within and between the sexes. This was most pronounced for D. floralis, for which blue and white traps were preferred by males at the rosette stage but not die flowering stage, and for which white, but not blue, traps were preferred by females at the rosette siage. White and blue, but not yellow, were the colors preferred by male and female D. platura in our study, with UV-reflecting white also being preferred by males during the flowering stage. It was observed dial catches on white and yellow traps were often significantly different and [hat white versus yellow preferences could be reversed within or between males and females of certain species during the rosette or flowering stages. The data suggest dial the concurrent use of white and yellow sticky traps should be considered when conducting relative abundance surveys of Delia spp. in canola fields.

scholarly journals Feeding and arrestment responses of Diabrotica speciosa to cucurbitacin-content formulations

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 639-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iara Cintra Arruda ◽  
Maurício Ursi Ventura ◽  
Ieda Spacino Scarminio
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Glass Slide ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
Choice Assay ◽  
Feeding Effects ◽  
Adhesive Formulation ◽  
Lagenaria Vulgaris ◽  
Resultant Material

The objective of this work was to evaluate arrestant and stimulant feeding effects on Diabrotica speciosa (Ger.), using cucurbitacin-content starch-based formulations prepared with varying starch sources, and adding potassium lignate. In a glass slide assay, the wash off resistance of formulations was compared. Potassium lignate did not improve wash off resistance. Lagenaria vulgaris L. powder, in which cucurbitacin B concentration was determined as 0.28%, was added to the most adhesive formulation. The resultant material was used in a two-choice assay in which leaves of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., treated with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were offered to insects together with untreated control leaves. Greater number of insects and leaves consumed were found on leaves treated with cucurbitacin-content formulation (2.5%, 5% - greatest response -, 10% and 15% concentrations) than on untreated control leaves. The concentration, in which responses were higher, was sprayed in a bean field at 1,000, 1,900 and 3,000 g ha-1. Greater number of beetles was found in plots treated with the highest dosage, 3 and 6 days after spraying. Ten days after spraying, no significant differences were found among dosages, probably due to washoff of the bait.

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