COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE USING PLASTIC BOTTLE WASTE AGREGAT ADDED AS MATERIAL ROUGH

Plastic bottle is waste that can be utilized. This research is used as additive in concrete mixtures can provide an alternative to Utilize the waste. Such as waste plastic bottles PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate). Optimizing the utilization of waste plastic bottles PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) is expected to reduce the waste that pollutes the environment and provide added value.The fiber to be used as an additive in concrete mixtures. The fibers are mixed with fine aggregate, water and PPC cement type I gresik brands. Concrete mix design using SNI 03-2843-2000 about how making plans mixture of normal concrete. Tests using a cylinder measuring 10 cm x 20 cm, each variation using 10 samples consisting of five variations (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) and tested at 14 and 28 days in Laboratory Studies Engineering Education building the Faculty of Education University of Palangkaraya.Average compressive strength at 14 days for variations of coarse aggregate mixture of chopped plastic bottle 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, respectively for 23:02 MPa; 12:35 MPa; 10.49 MPa; 9.6 MPa; 8.83 MPa. Average compressive strength at 28 days for variations of coarse aggregate mixture of chopped plastic bottle 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, respectively for 25.77 MPa; 13.62 MPa; 11.84 MPa; 10.8 MPa; 10:28 MPa

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT ANALYSIS USING MALCOLM BALDRIGE CRITERIA FOR PERFORMANCE EXELLENCE (MBCfPE) METHOD (Case Study at PT. NYCZ)

PT. NYCZ is a manufacturing company engaged in plastic bottle packaging production that cannot be separated from the problem of competition with similar companies. The problems encountered at PT. NYCZ regarding employee performance, namely lack of communication relations between subordinates and superiors, so that delivery of work instructions from superiors is still not understood by subordinates, it has an impact on employee performance output, Therefore the company must improve more efficient strategies in terms of leadership that is able to run and manage everything in internal and external of the company, more reliable skilled workforces, modern machines and technology, and is able to get a wider market and customers in plastic bottle products marketing. Malcolm Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence or Baldrige Criteria is a guide for a company to achieve high quality performance which consists 7 criterias, namely Leadership; Strategic Planning; Customer Focus; Measurement, Analysis and Knowledge Management; Focus on Workforce; Process Management; and Results. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to PT. NYCZ employees, respondents were taken according to job desks ranging from cashiers to managers. After questionnaire data was obtained, it was processed using SPSS to test validity and reliability. Then, questionnaire results were processed using Malcolm Baldrige score to determine company performance level. From the research results, it was obtained that the total points from Malcolm Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence survey are 411,14. Therefore, according to MBCfPE score, the performance of PT. NYCZ is Early Improvement with Average category

Meningkatkan Pendapatan Melalui Daur Ulang Limbah Masyarakat

The problem of garbage is a classic problem that repeatedly faced by the surrounding residents, especially in the Village of Peace. Because of the amount and level of danger, waste, especially plastic waste composed of chemicals, is difficult to decompose so that it is dangerous for the environment, so it is necessary to process waste to turn plastic waste into something useful. Based on surveys in the peaceful village area, North Binjai people still mostly do not have a fixed income. The implementation of the results of plastic bottle waste treatment into liquid hand soap packaging products in Damai Village was carried out to raise awareness of residents and provide ideas on how to increase their income. In addition, it can minimize pollution, so that the residents of The Peace Village can be more concerned about environmental cleanliness. The methods used in the program of utilizing plastic waste as packaging products are divided into two, namely the stage of exposure or explanation and the stage of practice to the community. Through training and mentoring the manufacture of hand washing soap and the utilization of plastic bottle waste, residents get insight into business opportunities that can be created through these creative ideas, and residents are already able to make liquid hand soap that can be sold. Through the training program on making hand soap in Damai Village, it is hoped that it can be an alternative to the use of plastic bottle waste which can be a product that can help improve the economy of the surrounding community.

Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste Utilisation for Production of Low Thermal Conductivity Cement Sand Bricks

There is a tremendous increase in plastic waste that negatively impacts the environment due to various industrial activities. Furthermore, plastic waste has non-biodegradable properties that make it hard to reduce its accumulation around the globe. Hence, this study aims to investigate the possibility of incorporating Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste as a partial replacement material of sand to improve the thermal insulation properties of cement sand brick by looking at findings of low thermal conductivity value. The study uses a PET plastic bottle that has been cut into small flakes and grind using a granulator machine to produce PET waste granules whose size is not more than 5 mm, similar to the sand size. This waste was added to other raw materials, i.e., cement and sand. The percentages of PET waste vary from 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% by weight. This study produced two types of samples, i.e., control brick and PET waste cement sand brick. All samples undergo laboratory works involving geotechnical gradation, physical, mechanical, and thermal conductivity testing. Based on the results obtained, the optimum proportion of PET waste replacement in cement sand bricks making is 5% by its having the lowest thermal conductivity value of 0.581 W/mK and meeting the standard requirements of 3.90 MPa > 3.45 MPa (ASTM C129-11 for compressive strength), and 2,146 kg/m3 > 2,000 kg/m3 (ASTM C129-11 for normal weight non-loadbearing brick). Thus, PET plastic bottle waste can be a potential partial sand replacement material in cement sand bricks. Its potential to enhance the thermal conductivity of existing cement sand brick reduces sand consumption, solves plastic waste problems, and promotes a better environmentally-friendly construction industry.

Implementation of the Suroboyo Bus transportation policy paying with plastic bottle waste

In collaboration with the Department of Cleanlines and Green Open Space of the City of Surabaya, the Department of Transportation launched a new means of transportation, namely the Suroboyo Bus. Uniquely, the Suroboyo Bus is paid for with plastic bottle waste. The purpose of this Suroboyo Bus is to reduce plastic waste and congestion in the city of Surabaya. The type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The focus of this research uses policy implementation, according to Edward G. III, namely, communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The results of this study are that implementing the Suroboyo Bus is considered quite good, there is support from the public, and has a real impact. On the other hand, there are still obstacles in implementing the Suroboyo Bus, which has not been properly integrated in waste contribution procedures.

Investigating the effect of PET plastic bottle strips on the strength and compressibility properties of clayey soil

The production of plastic bottles by the manufacturing industry has increased drastically over the last six decades across the globe. This rapid production has led to the generation of many waste plastic bottles, thus causing environmental pollution. About 180 tonnes of plastics are generated daily in Kampala, the capital city of Uganda, and around 50% is dumped into the Kiteezi landfill. Instead of putting pressure on the landfill, these plastic bottle wastes could be reused in stabilizing soils with poor engineering properties. The current study investigates the engineering properties of clayey soil reinforced with Polyethylene-terephthalate waste plastic bottle strips. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the geotechnical and engineering properties of the soil reinforced with waste plastic bottle strips at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4% of the dry unit weight of the soil and non-stabilized soil were determined by conducting laboratory tests, such as particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, compaction test and California Bearing Ratio. The results revealed that the California Bearing Ratio of the soil reinforced with Polyethylene-terephthalate waste plastic bottle strips increased with the increase in the percentage of Polyethylene-terephthalate waste plastic bottle strips up to 0.3%. Beyond 0.3%, a drop in California Bearing Ratio was observed. It indicates that 0.3% Polyethylene-terephthalate waste plastic bottle strips is the optimum percentage for stabilizing low plasticity clayey soils.

Functional and Antioxidant Properties of Plastic Bottle Caps Incorporated with BHA or BHT

In this study, we prepared new antioxidant active plastic bottle caps by incorporating butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and 2% (w/w) white masterbatch in high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry revealed that the antioxidants and HDPE were uniformly mixed with noncovalent bonding. In addition, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test revealed that the change in melting point and initial extrapolation temperature of the antioxidant active caps was not significant. Sensory evaluation and removal torque tests validated the suitability of the antioxidant active plastic bottle caps in industrial application. The antioxidant activity increased with a greater concentration of BHA and BHT incorporated in both antioxidant active caps (p < 0.05) and with more impact on the BHA cap compared to BHT cap in terms of antioxidant activity. Migration experiments for 10 days at 40 °C and 2 h at 70 °C showed that active antioxidants in the plastic bottle cap were more easily released into fatty foods and milk products that are highly sensitive to oxidation, and the migration of BHA and BHT did not exceed the maximum amount specified in (EC) No 1333/2008 (<200 mg/kg). As such, the antioxidant active plastic bottle caps inhibited oxidation, thereby ensuring higher food quality.

STUDY OF DEFECT ON 180 ML HDPE BOTTLES YOGURT PRODUCTS WITH SMC B11 EXTRUSION BLOW MACHINE AT PT X

The type of plastic packaging that is popular in the community is bottle packaging. The plastic material that is generally used to make plastic bottles is High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). The plastic bottle industry in Indonesia usually uses a blow molding process in its production process, where the blow molding process consists of injection blow molding, extrusion blow molding and stretch blow molding. The SMC B11 machine is one of the extrusion blow molding machines used to produce plastic bottle packaging. In producing workpieces, this machine still produces several products that are not in accordance with company standards, including in terms of production cycle times and product defects. Defects or defects that are often encountered include the appearance of spots, bent parison which causes the bottle to bend (the bottle body is thin one side) and blow pin which causes the thread to not fit.Keywords— Bottle, Plastic, Defect, Extrussion Blow Molding