Influence of soil temperature and moisture on the infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae, Steinernematidae) against larvae of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

The influence of three pesticides on the viability and infectivity of four Beninese isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), Heterorhabditis indica Ayogbe1, H. sonorensis Azohoue2, H. sonorensis Ze3, and Steinernema sp. Bembereke, was determined. The impact of both soil temperature and soil moisture on the virulence of these EPN to Trinervitermes occidentalis was investigated in laboratory assays. The effect of EPN-infected Galleria mellonella larvae on underground populations of Macrotermes bellicosus was also examined. All tested Heterorhabditis species were more tolerant to glyphosate and fipronil than the Steinernema species. Heterorhabditis sonorensis Azohoue2, showed the best results with 63.2% termite mortality at a soil temperature of 35°C. The increase of soil moisture to 20% (w/w) did not negatively influence the virulence of tested EPN. The underground populations of 71% or 60% treated nests were controlled by H. sonorensis Azohoue2- or H. indica Ayogbe1-infected G. mellonella larvae, respectively.

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Effect of soil temperature and moisture on the pathogenicity of two species of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)

Journal of Agrobiology ◽

10.2478/s10146-009-0001-4 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Štěpánka Radová ◽

Zuzana Trnková

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Tenebrio Molitor ◽

Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Insect Mortality ◽

The Impact ◽

Soil Temperature And Moisture

Effect of soil temperature and moisture on the pathogenicity of two species of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)This study investigated the impact of soil temperature and soil moisture on the virulence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae and S. feltiae. The effects of temperatures of 10, 15 and 25 °C and humidity of 6% and 12.5% were tested against the larvae of Tenebrio molitor. The nematodes were tested in two concentrations of 50 nematodes and 500 nematodes per box. S. carpocapsae was generally significantly more efficient at the highest temperature (25 °C) than S. feltiae, especially at the lower concentration of 50 nematodes per box. S. feltiae recorded higher insect mortality at lower temperatures (15 °C and 10 °C). The virulence of both tested nematode species was low (0-26%) at 10 °C after 7 days, but in the case of S. feltiae increased to 66% after 14 days. The efficacy when tested with 6% moisture at 15 °C was low (4% for both nematode species) compared with 12.5% moisture, where after seven days it reached 54% for S. carpocapsae and 70% for S. feltiae, although generally, S. feltiae was more efficient under dry conditions than S. carpocapsae. Insect mortality inreased significantly after remoistening of the soil, especially with S. feltiae (500 nematodes per box) where mortality reached 46% two weeks after remoistening.

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Ammonia Emission from Soybean‐Amended Calcareous Soil with Various Soil Temperature and Moisture Levels

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400050024x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 84 (5) ◽

pp. 893-896 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

W. A. O'Deen ◽

R. F. Follett

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Calcareous Soil ◽

Ammonia Emission ◽

Soil Temperature And Moisture

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Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Against Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Pupae and Nematode Compatibility with Chemical Insecticides

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toaa301 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maguintontz Cedney Jean-Baptiste ◽

Andressa Lima de Brida ◽

Daniel Bernardi ◽

Sérgio da Costa Dias ◽

Juliano de Bastos Pazini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Ceratitis Capitata ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽

Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽

Fruit Crops ◽

Class 1 ◽

Pupal Mortality

Abstract The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is among the main pests of fruit crops worldwide. Biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) may be an alternative to suppress populations of this pest. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenicity and virulence of six EPN isolates (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HB, H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47, and S. brazilense IBCB-n06) against C. capitata pupae. The compatibility of EPNs with different chemical insecticides that are registered for management of C. capitata was also assessed. Isolates of H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06 at a concentration of 1,000 infective juveniles (IJ)/ml proved to be most pathogenic to C. capitata (70 and 80% mortality, respectively). In contrast, the isolates H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47 provided pupal mortality of less than 60%. Bioassays to determine lethal concentrations indicated that concentrations of 600 IJ/ml (H. bacteriophora HB) and 1,000 IJ/ml (S. brazilense IBCB-n06) showed the highest virulence against C. capitata pupae. In contrast, the highest numbers of IJs emerged at concentrations of 1,200 and 200 IJ/ml. In compatibility bioassays, malathion, spinetoram, phosmet, acetamiprid, and novaluron were considered compatible with and harmless (Class 1) to H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06, according to IOBC/WPRS. This information is important for implementing integrated management programs for C. capitata, using biological control with EPNs, whether alone or in combination with chemical insecticides.

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