scholarly journals Diet of Physalaemus cf. cicada (Leptodactylidae) and Bufo granulosus (Bufonidae) in a semideciduous forest

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS. Santana ◽  
FA. Juncá
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Electivity Index ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

We determined the diet of the two most abundant anuran species which occur in the litter of a semideciduous forest (Lençóis, Bahia, Brazil), Physalaemus cf. cicada and Bufo granulosus in the dry and rainy seasons. Pitfall traps were used to collect anuran and invertebrate fauna, which showed the availability of prey in the environment. Physalaemus cf. cicada was present in both seasons and Bufo granulosus only in the rainy season. Both species fed mainly on Isoptera and Formicidae. However, there is a difference between the rainy and dry seasons concerning the diet of P. cf. cicada. During the rainy season P. cf. cicada consumed less Isoptera and more Formicidae than in the dry season. In the volumetric sense, Orthoptera was the most important alimentary category for P. cf. cicada and B. granulosus. The Jacobs’ electivity index indicated that Physalaemus cf. cicada and Bufo granulosus were specialists in Isoptera.

scholarly journals Abundance and stratification of soil macroarthropods in a Caatinga Forest in Northeast Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (3 suppl) ◽  
pp. 737-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
VFP Araújo ◽  
AG Bandeira ◽  
A Vasconcellos
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Taxa Richness ◽  
Abundant Taxon ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
Arid And Semiarid Ecosystems ◽  
Arid And Semiarid ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

In arid and semiarid environments, seasonality usually exerts a strong influence on the composition and dynamics of the soil community. The soil macroarthropods were studied in a Caatinga forest located in the Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Fazenda Almas, São José dos Cordeiros, Paraíba, Brazil. Samples were collected during the dry and rainy seasons following the method proposed by the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Program (TSBF), with minor modifications. At each station, 15 soil blocks (20 × 20 × 30 cm: 12 L) were extracted and divided into three layers: A (0-10 cm), B (10-20 cm), and C (20-30 cm). In the rainy and dry seasons 1,306 ± 543(se) and 458 ± 212 ind.m-2 macroarthropods were found, respectively, with 35 and 18 respective taxa recorded. The abundance of individuals and taxa were significantly higher in the rainy season. Isoptera (57.8%) was the most abundant taxon, followed by Hymenoptera: Formicidae (17.2%), Coleoptera larvae (7.3%), and Araneae (3.5%). In the rainy season, abundance in layer A (576 ± 138 ind.m-2) was significantly higher than that of layer C (117 ± 64 ind.m-2), but was not different from layer B (613 ± 480 ind.m-2). There was also no difference between the layer B and C abundances. In the dry season, abundance in layer B (232 ± 120 ind.m-2) was not significantly different compared to layer A (182 ± 129 ind.m-2), but was significantly higher than abundance in layer C (44 ± 35 ind.m-2). During the rainy season, layer A (34 taxa) was significantly richer in taxa than layers B (19 taxa) and C (11 taxa). On the other hand, during the dry season the richness of layers A (12 taxa) and B (12 taxa) was equal, but significantly higher than that of layer C (6 taxa). Richness of taxa and abundance were positively correlated with soil organic matter and negatively correlated with soil temperature. The community of soil macroarthropods in the area of Caatinga studied has taxonomic and functional structures that are relatively complex and is therefore likely to exert an influence on ecosystem productivity due to its physical effects on soil profile and necromass fragmentation, as occurs in other arid and semiarid ecosystems throughout the world.

STUDI BIONOMIK VEKTOR MALARIA DI KECAMATAN KALIBAWANG, KULONPROGO

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sardjito Eko Windarso dkk
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Anopheles Species ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The increasing of malaria cases in recent years at Kecamatan Kalibawang has been suspected correspond with the conversion of farming land-use which initiated in 1993. Four years after the natural vegetation in this area were changed become cocoa and coffee commercial farming estates, the number of malaria cases in 1997 rose more than six times, and in 2000 it reached 6085. This study were aimed to observe whether there were any differences in density and diversity of Anopheles as malaria vector between the cocoa and mix farming during dry and rainy seasons. The results of the study are useful for considering the appropriate methods, times and places for mosquito vector controlling. The study activities comprised of collecting Anopheles as well as identifying the species to determine the density and diversity of the malaria vector. Both activities were held four weeks in dry season and four weeks in rainy season. The mea-surement of physical factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall were also conducted to support the study results. Four dusuns which meet the criteria and had the highest malaria cases were selected as study location. Descriptively, the results shows that the number of collected Anopheles in cocoa farming were higher compared with those in mix horticultural farming; and the number of Anopheles species identifi ed in cocoa farming were also more varied than those in the mix horticultural farming.Key words: bionomik vektor malaria, anopheles,

scholarly journals Coleopterans prospection associated to forest ecosystems of Swietenia macrophylla (King), Eastern Amazonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1775
Author(s):  
Ruy Guilherme Correia ◽  
Francisco de Assis Oliveira ◽  
Leandro Silva de Souza ◽  
Raphael Lobato Prado Neves ◽  
Jéssy Anni Vilhena Senado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
The Difference

Few research on the entomofauna associated to forest plantations with Swietenia macrophylla (King) in Brazil has been reported. The aim of this study was to analyze the Coleoptera communities in forest ecosystems with S. macrophylla, Brazilian mahogany, with emphasis on the diversity of families and the main functional groups. The insects were collected through pitfall traps in three forest ecosystems: monoculture, consortium and forest enriched with Brazilian mahogany, during dry and rainy periods in two consecutive years. The identification of the captured insects occurred in the entomology laboratory of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia. The analysis was performed through Past Paleontological Statistic 3.14 and ANAFAU, where the difference was considered significant only when p ? 0.05. 11,358 specimens from 21 families were captured, of which 8,058 were sampled in the rainy season and 3,299 in the dry season. There was influence of seasonality and types of forest ecosystems during collection. The families Nitidulidae, Staphylinidae, Carabidae and Meloidae presented greater abundance and richness in the complex ecosystems. Anobiidae, Cerambycidae, Bostrichidae, Brentidae, Buprestidae, Curculionidae, Elateridae, Chrysomelidae and Lagriidae were considered to be pests and common to all studied ecosystems; however, the families Nitidulidae, Scarabaeidae, Tenebrionidae and Passalidae had the function of decomposers; Carabidae, Coccinellidae, Histeridae, Meloidae, Staphylinidae, Cantharidae and Hydrophilidae were the predators.

scholarly journals The invertebrate colonization during decomposition of Eichhornia azurea kunth in a lateral lake in the mouth zone of Paranapanema River into Jurumirim Reservoir (São Paulo, Brazil)

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. de L. STRIPARI ◽  
R. HENRY
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Eichhornia Azurea ◽  
Mouth Zone ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Invertebrate Colonization

The invertebrate colonization during decomposition of Eichhornia azurea was observed in a lateral lake in the mouth zone of Paranapanema River into Jurumirim Reservoir in two periods of the year. The litter bags method was used for measuring the decomposition rate as well as to evaluate the invertebrates colonization. Forty-two litter bags, measuring 15 × 20 cm in size and 2 mm mesh net, were incubated "in situ". Six litter bags (three for colonization and three for decomposition measurements) were removed after the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 28th, 56th and 72nd days of incubation. After each day, the material was carefully cleaned for detritus removal and invertebrate sampling. The biological material was fixed with 4% formaline and then sorted and identified. The remaining plant material was dried in an oven (at 60ºC) and weighed. A fast material loss occurred during the first 24 hours and the decomposition rate was higher during the rainy season than in the dry season. A peak on invertebrate density (110 ind.g.DW--1) on the remaining detritus of Eichhornia azurea was recorded in the 56th day of dry season, when the polyphenol concentration of plant detritus was 0.57 UDO.g.DW--1. In the rainy season, higher density was found in the 28th day of incubation, when the polyphenol concentration was 4.36 UDO.g.DW--1. Apparently, the reduction in the polyphenol concentration was followed by an increase in invertebrate densities. The majority of the species observed in the detritus belongs to the collector group that was dominant after the 7th and 14th days in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively.

scholarly journals Zooplankton biomass of reservoirs in different trophic conditions in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (1b) ◽  
pp. 337-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sendacz ◽  
S. Caleffi ◽  
J. Santos-Soares
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Trophic Conditions ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

This paper reports on a study involving an estimate of the biomass of rotifers, cladocerans, and cyclopoid and calanoid copepods found in reservoirs in different trophic conditions, comparing and relating numerical density data and pointing out differences between the dry and rainy seasons. In terms of numerical densities, both reservoirs were dominated by rotifers, although cladocerans represented a higher biomass in the oligotrophic environment in both seasons. In the eutrophic environment, higher biomass values were found for cyclopoids during the dry season and for cladocerans during the rainy one. Different biomass patterns were observed relating to both the trophic conditions and the rainy and dry seasons.

scholarly journals aquatic AQUATIC INVERTEBRATE FAUNA OF SONG THANH NATURE RESERVE IN QUANG NAM PROVINCE, VIETNAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Ngo Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Environmental Parameter ◽  
Aquatic Invertebrate ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The study analyzed the composition of the aquatic invertebrate fauna of Song Thanh Nature Reserve in Quang Nam province of Vietnam. There were 48 qualitatively and 48 qualitative samples were collected at 12 sitesby plankton net for the zooplankton (plankton net No 52 for qualitative samples and plankton net No 57 for quantative samples), but with zoobenthos, using PondNet for the qualitative samples and Subber Net (50 cm x 50 cm, mesh size 0,2mm) for quantative samples. This investigation was realized in March and September 2015. As a result, a total of 166 species belonging to two groups, the zooplankton group has 12 species, 11 genera, 9 families, 3 ordes, 2 classes and the zoobenthos group has 154 species, 120 genera, 59 families, 13 orders,4classes. The most richness class is insecta with 141 species, 109 genera, 52 families, 9 orders. Moreover, pH is the environmental parameter that has more effective than others on zoobenthos group both in dry and rainy seasons; whereas, turbidity and total dissolved solids are two factors that effectmore strongly than others on zooplankton group. The number of zooplankton species in dry season is lower than in rainy season and in contrast with zoobenthos species. The species of Crustacea and Bivalvia classes are invisible in the dry season, they only appear the species that belong to insecta and Gastropoda classes.             Keyword: aquatic invertebrate, fauna, Song Thanh, Nature Reserve, Vietnam

scholarly journals Cyathostomin larvae: presence on Brachiaria humidicola grass during the rainy and dry seasons of Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Claudia Navarro dos Santos ◽  
Luciene Soares de Souza ◽  
Vivian Suane de Freitas Vieira ◽  
Jairo Pinheiro ◽  
Maria de Lurdes de Azevedo Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Brachiaria Humidicola ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Janeiro State ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The presence of cyathostomin larvae is directly associated to climatic conditions of each region. This study aimed to evaluate the ecology of infective larvae on Brachiaria humidicola during the dry and rainy seasons from October 2007 to September 2008 in a tropical region, Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil. Stools were collected from the rectum of horses naturally infected with cyathostomins at the beginning of the rainy season (October to March) and dry season (April to September). They were divided into four samples of 500 g and deposited on a grass patch of B. humidicola. Seven days later and every 15 days thereafter samples of feces and grass were collected and processed by the Baermann technique. The mean number of larvae recovered from the grass varied according to the season, with greater recovery of larvae during the peak of the dry season (14,700 L3.kg-¹ DM). There was a statistically significant difference between L3 recovered from feces and grass, but not between L3 recovered from the grass base and apex. These results show that the region’s climate favors the development and survival of infective cyathostomin larvae throughout the year, with a greater number of larvae during the dry season.

scholarly journals Sexual behavior of 'morada nova' breeding sheep under semi-intensive rearing during the mating season in the brazilian semiarid

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 3657
Author(s):  
Luana de Fátima Damasceno dos Santos ◽  
Edgard Cavalcanti Pimenta Filho ◽  
Edilson Paes Saraiva ◽  
Dermeval Araújo Furtado ◽  
Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Execution Frequency ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons ◽  
Intensive System

This study aimed to evaluate the sexual behavior of 'Morada Nova' breeding sheep reared in the Brazilian semi-arid during dry and rainy seasons in a semi-intensive system. The behavioral data were gathered from 4 rams and 114 ewes, among which 55 during the rainy season and the other 59 females in the dry season. The behavioral observations were conducted from 6 am to 5 pm, during both periods. The observations were carried out continuously and split into 'event' (execution frequency) and 'state' (execution time). During the rainy season, the breeding sheep showed the most efficient sexual behavior, with a shorter reaction time (RT) and less frequent mount attempts (MA), being of 122 sec and 2.97, respectively. However, throughout the dry period, some sexual behaviors such as sniffing the urogenital of females (SUF), penis exposure (EXP), head tossing (HT), and courting of females (FC) became more frequent, mainly in the afternoon, as with the flehmen response (FR). Male courting behavior was more evident in the rainy season during the end of the day, remaining less active during the dry period. Sexual behavior intensity in 'Morada Nova' sheep varies throughout the day, especially in the dry season.

scholarly journals Seasonal morphological variability in an in situ Cyanobacteria monoculture: example from a persistent Cylindrospermopsis bloom in Lake Catemaco, Veracruz, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen Lind ◽  
Laura Dávalos-Lind ◽  
Carlos López ◽  
Martin López ◽  
Juli Dyble Bressie
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Transient Condition ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Trichome Morphology ◽  
Determining Factor

<p>The phrase <em>cyanobacteria bloom</em> implies a transient condition in which one to few species dominates communities. In this paper we describe a condition in which the <em>bloom</em> is of multi-year duration consisting of different morphologies of a single cyanobacteria species. Lake Catemaco, Veracruz, México maintained a year-round massive (10<sup>8</sup> trichomes L<sup>-1</sup>) population of potentially toxin-producing cyanobacteria, <em>Cylindrospermopsis spp.</em> The trichomes are present as straight and coiled morphotypes.  The relative trichome morphology abundance varied with rainy (June – October) and dry seasons (November – May), but total trichome abundance did not vary.  Coiled trichomes and heterocytes (occurring only on coiled trichomes) were significantly more abundant, both absolutely and relatively, during the dry season. Both coiled trichome and heterocyte mean volumes were significantly smaller during the rainy season than during the dry season.  Biovolumes were largest in January when water temperature was 5º C cooler suggesting buoyancy as a morphology-determining factor. However, with a more than three-fold lower TIN concentration during the dry season, we hypothesized that the coiled morphotype became abundant primarily because it formed heterocytes, which the straight morphotype did not. Spatial trichome and heterocyte abundance differences were small among the 15 lake sites (average CV for all dates = 20%). However, there was a pattern of increased heterocyte and coiled trichome abundance from lake inflow, as a nitrogen source, to outflow during the rainy season. The total volume of heterocytes per litre of lake water increased progressively four-fold from a minimum early in the rainy season to a maximum at the end of the dry season. Morphological diversity, as seen in Lake Catemaco, can partially compensate for the lack of species diversity in determination of community structure.</p>

scholarly journals Seasonal morphological variation of the vas deferens of scorpion mud turtle (Kinosternon scorpioides)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Carvalho Viana ◽  
Leandro Almeida Rui ◽  
Amilton Cesar dos Santos ◽  
Maria Angélica Miglino ◽  
Antônio Chaves de Assis Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Lipid Vesicles ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cellular Debris ◽  
Mud Turtle ◽  
Dry Seasons

This study aimed to characterize the morphology of the vas deferens ofKinosteron scorpioides by macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Were used 20 adult male jurarás collected at regular intervals during the year and divided into four experimental groups in the rainy and dry seasons, being processed for light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Morphometry for tubular and luminal diameters and epithelial height were also performed. On rainy season, vas deferens presented pseudostratified epithelium with cylindrical cells, spermatozoids and milky fluid in the lumen, with cytoplasmic organelles and lipid vesicles. On dry season, epithelium was pseudostratified with cuboid cells, with cellular debris and no spermatozoids. There was significant variation (p<0,05) for morphometry of vas deferens, with lower values of tubular and luminal diameters on rainy season, and higher epithelial height on dry season.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document