scholarly journals Ictal fear: semiologic characteristics and differential diagnosis with interictal anxiety disorders

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivianne Pellegrino Rosa ◽  
Gerardo Maria de Araújo Filho ◽  
Márcio Andriani Rahal ◽  
Luís Otávio Sales Ferreira Caboclo ◽  
Américo Ceiki Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Complex Partial Seizure ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

INTRODUCTION: Ictal fear (IF) is one of the most frequent emotional auras. It is the sole or predominant manifestation of simple partial seizures or initial expression of a complex partial seizure. It is more often experienced in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), probably associated with mesial temporal structures, like the amygdala. Anxiety disorders are very common psychiatric disorders associated with epilepsy, with a prevalence of 15 to 25%. OBJECTIVES: To describe three patients with IF with refractory mesial TLE, also presenting the results of EEG, imaging exams, neuropsychological, quality of life and psychiatric evaluations. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three case reports of patients with refractory mesial TLE and IF followed up in the outpatient's clinic at the Epilepsy Section, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil, were submitted to presurgical evaluation and corticoamygdalohippocampectomy. Two patients presented ictal scalp-sphenoidal EEG onset on left side. Two patients had major depressive disorder in psychiatric evaluation. CONCLUSION: Although IF is the most frequent ictal psychological symptom, anxiety and mood disorders are very common psychiatric comorbidity in patients with epilepsy. It was concluded that differential diagnosis of interictal anxiety disorders, panic attacks and IF can be difficult, and requires careful management.

Using illness narratives in clinical diagnosis

2018 ◽  
pp. 203-219
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Gülich
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Illness Narratives ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Patient Interactions ◽  
Narrative Patterns ◽  
Narrative Techniques

This chapter argues that illness narratives are a suitable instrument for differential diagnosis in practice. The study discussed is based on a corpus of doctor–patient interactions, i.e., encounters with patients suffering from epileptic or non-epileptic seizures and/or anxiety disorders, and for most of whom differential diagnosis is very difficult. The basic assumption put forward here is that the types of narrative can give clues to identify the types of seizures or attacks. The focus is on the ‘methods’ patients use in verbalizing the ‘auras’ preceding the seizures and the course of the seizures or attacks themselves. In particular, it pays attention to the procedures of resolving difficulties of verbalization, which occur during the production of the narrative. It demonstrates that preferences in the choice of narrative techniques allow a distinction between patients with epileptic seizures and patients with other types of fits or with panic attacks. Finally it suggests that knowledge of recurrent narrative patterns can help to recognize the syndrome presented, on condition that the doctor encourages narrative reconstructions and listens carefully.

scholarly journals Temporal choroidal fissure cyst and temporal lobe epilepsy: report of two cases

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Rassier Isolan ◽  
Marino Muxfeldt Bianchin ◽  
Carolina Machado Torres ◽  
José Augusto Bragatti ◽  
Juliana Bohn Assman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Complex Partial Seizure ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Temporal Horn ◽  
Background Data ◽  
Temporal Lobe Seizure

STUDY DESIGN: Two case reports of a choroidal fissure cyst in the temporal horn associated with complex partial seizure. OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical course, image findings and literature review of choroidal fissure cysts. SUMMARY AND BACKGROUND DATA: there are few reported cases of choroidal fissure cysts. RESULTS: We report two patients with complex partial seizures and temporal choroidal fissure cysts. The seizures were controlled in both patients. CONCLUSION: The choroidal fissure cyst diagnosis must highlight the importance of considering this lesion in the differential diagnosis of temporal lobe cyst and temporal lobe seizure.

Malignant tumours as a rare cause of recurrent thrombophlebitis of the great saphenous vein

Phlebologie ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (06) ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
N. König ◽  
H. J. Stark ◽  
P.-M. Baier
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumour ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Unfavourable Prognosis ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour

SummaryWe present two case reports concerning patients who had to undergone surgical treatment according tp the diagnosis of thrombophlebitis with insufficiency of the greater saphenous vein and putative encapsulated haematoma in the lower left leg area. During the operation we found tumours with urgent suspicion of malignancy. The histological examination revealed the diagnosis of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour which are extremely malignant, but very rare neoplasmas with unfavourable prognosis. Conclusion: Since both types of tumours are often located below the knee, phlebotomists and vascular surgeons should take them into account as differential diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis of elevated liver enzymes: case reports

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Korom ◽  
I Nagy ◽  
É Csajbók ◽  
T Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes

scholarly journals Schwannoma of the abdominal wall: updated literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Panici Tonucci ◽  
Andrea Sironi ◽  
Eleonora Pisa ◽  
Benedetta Di Venosa ◽  
Luigi Bonavina
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Palpable Mass ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Benign Schwannoma

Summary Background Schwannoma is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerves. It is often asymptomatic and can develop in the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, head and neck region, and upper and lower extremities. Schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare, but differential diagnosis with malignant neoplasms is important to reduce the risk of undertreatment. Methods A narrative review of abdominal wall schwannoma was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science database and the search terms “schwannoma”, “neurinoma”, “neurilemmoma”, “soft tissue tumors”, “neurogenic tumor”, “rectus abdominis mass”, “abdominal wall”. In addition, the hospital charts were reviewed to report the personal experience. Results Only 9 single case-reports of benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall were found in the English medical literature over the past decade. None of the patients received preoperative biopsy and all were resected with clear margins. In addition to the literature review, we report the case of a 58-year-old man referred for a palpable mass in the left upper abdominal quadrant. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid and well-encapsulated mass inside the left rectus abdominis muscle. A core biopsy of the lesion provided the diagnosis of cellular schwannoma and this was confirmed by histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen. Conclusions Benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare. Percutaneous core needle biopsy is important for the differential diagnosis with more common and biologically more aggressive malignancies, such as desmoid tumors and sarcomas, and may be relevant for planning the most appropriate management.

scholarly journals Experimentally-induced and real-world acute anxiety have no effect on goal-directed behaviour

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Gillan ◽  
MM Vaghi ◽  
FH Hezemans ◽  
Grothe S van Ghesel ◽  
J Dafflon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Real World ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Acute Anxiety

AbstractCompulsivity is associated with failures in goal-directed control, an important cognitive faculty that protects against developing habits. But might this effect be explained by co-occurring anxiety? Previous studies have found goal-directed deficits in other anxiety disorders, and to some extent when healthy individuals are stressed, suggesting this is plausible. We carried out a causal test of this hypothesis in two experiments (between-subject N=88; within-subject N=50) that used the inhalation of hypercapnic gas (7.5% CO2) to induce an acute state of anxiety in healthy volunteers. In both experiments, we successfully induced anxiety, assessed physiologically and psychologically, but this did not affect goal-directed performance. In a third experiment (N=1413), we used a correlational design to test if real-life anxiety-provoking events (panic attacks, stressful events) impair goal-directed control. While small effects were observed, none survived controlling for individual differences in compulsivity. These data suggest that anxiety has no meaningful impact on goal-directed control.

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