scholarly journals Ion fluxes in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) juveniles exposed to different dissolved oxygen levels

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Link de Rosso ◽  
Keidi C. S. Bolner ◽  
Bernardo Baldisserotto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
Ion Fluxes ◽  
Phytoplankton Blooms ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen ◽  
Series Of Experiments

Low dissolved oxygen levels in the water (hypoxia) can be provoked by oxygen consumption by fish and other organisms, organic matter decomposition, phytoplankton blooms, and temperature increase. The objective of the present study was to investigate Na+, Cl-, K+, and ammonia fluxes in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) exposed to different dissolved oxygen levels. Juveniles (9 ± 1g) maintained at 6.0 mg.L-1 dissolved oxygen were transferred to four 40 L aquaria with different dissolved oxygen levels (in mg.L-1): 6.0, 4.5, 3.5, and 2.5. In another series of experiments, juveniles were acclimated at 6.0 or 2.5 mg.L-1 dissolved oxygen levels, and then placed in two 40 L aquaria with 6.0 mg.L-1 dissolved oxygen. For both series of experiments, 1, 24, 48 or 120 h after transference juveniles were placed in individual chambers of 200 mL (with the same dissolved oxygen levels of their respective aquaria) for 3 h. Water samples were collected for analysis of Na+, Cl-, K+, and ammonia levels. The obtained results allow concluding that exposure to 2.5 mg.L-1 dissolved oxygen levels promotes loss of ions and lower ammonia excretion in silver catfish juveniles, but these losses are rapidly stabilized for Na+ and Cl-. Exposure to less hypoxic levels also changes ion fluxes and ammonia excretion, but there is no clear relationship between both parameters in this species. Therefore, silver catfish osmoregulation seems to be affected when this species is transferred from normoxic to hypoxic waters and vice-versa.

Survival, growth and biochemical parameters of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), juveniles exposed to different dissolved oxygen levels

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (15) ◽  
pp. 1524-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neiva Braun ◽  
Ronaldo Lima de Lima ◽  
Bibiana Moraes ◽  
Vania Lucia Loro ◽  
Bernardo Baldisserotto
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

scholarly journals Net ion fluxes and ammonia excretion during transport of Rhamdia quelen juveniles

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1854-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Leonardo José Gil Barcellos ◽  
Bernardo Baldisserotto
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
Ion Fluxes ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Ammonia Accumulation ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

The objective of this study was to verify net ion fluxes and ammonia excretion in silver catfish transported in plastic bags at three different loading densities: 221, 286 and 365g L-1 for 5h. A water sample was collected at the beginning and at the end of the transport for analysis of water parameters. There was a significant positive relationship between net ion effluxes and negative relationship between ammonia excretion and loading density, demonstrated by the following equations: Na+: y-24.5-0.27x, r2=0.99, Cl-: y=40.2-0.61x, r2=0.98, K+: y=8.0-27.6x, r2=0.94; ammonia excretion: y=-11.43+0.017x, r2=0.95, where y: net ion flux (mmol kg-1 h-1) or ammonia excretion (mg kg-1 h-1) and x: loading density (g). Therefore, the increase of loading density increases net ion loss, but reduces ammonia excretion during the transport of silver catfish, indicating the possibility of ammonia accumulation

scholarly journals Dissolved oxygen and ammonia levels in water that affect plasma ionic content and gallbladder bile in silver catfish

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1768-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexssandro Geferson Becker ◽  
Luciano de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Daiani Kochhann ◽  
Jamile Fabbrin Gonçalves ◽  
Vania Lúcia Loro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Synergic Effect ◽  
Ionic Content ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen ◽  
Low Do

Ionic contents (Na+, K+ and Cl-) of plasma and gallbladder bile (GB) of juveniles silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (156.1±0.2g, 28.2±0.3cm), were determined in three different times (0, 6 and 24h) after exposure to: a) control or high dissolved oxygen (DO = 6.5mg L-1) + low NH3 (0.03mg L-1); b) low DO (3.5mg L-1) + low NH3; c) high DO + high NH3 (0.1mg L-1); and d) low DO + high NH3. High waterborne NH3 or low DO levels increased plasma and GB ion levels. These parameters might have followed different mechanisms to affect osmoregulation since a synergic effect of these variables was detected.

Some Effects of Temporary Exposure to Low Dissolved Oxygen Levels on Pacific Salmon Eggs

1958 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Alderdice ◽  
W. P. Wickett ◽  
J. R. Brett
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels

Eggs of the chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) were exposed to various constant levels of dissolved oxygen for a period of seven days. The procedure was repeated with fresh egg samples at various developmental stages. Temperatures were constant at 10 °C. from fertilization to hatching. Estimates of oxygen consumption uninhibited by low dissolved oxygen levels were obtained at various stages of egg development for whole eggs and also on the basis of the weight of larvae, excluding the yolk. Eggs were most sensitive to hypoxia between 100–200 Centigrade degree-days and compensated for reduced oxygen availability by reducing the oxygen demand and rate of development. Very low oxygen levels at early incubation stages resulted in the production of monstrosities. At about the time the circulatory system becomes functional the compensatory reduction in rate of growth under hypoxial conditions is reduced, but eggs no longer survive extreme hypoxial conditions. Eggs subjected to low dissolved oxygen levels just prior to hatching hatch prematurely at a rate dependent on the degree of hypoxia. The maximum premature hatching rate corresponded approximately with the median lethal oxygen level. Estimated median lethal levels rose slowly from fertilization to hatching. Oxygen consumption per egg rose from fertilization to hatching while the consumption per gram of larval tissue declined from a high to a low level at about the time of blastopore closure. Subsequently, a slight rise in the rate occurred up to a level which was more or less constant to hatching. "Critical" dissolved oxygen levels were calculated and they appear to define the oxygen level above which respiratory rate is unmodified by oxygen availability. Critical levels ranged from about 1 p.p.m. in early stages to over 7 p.p.m. shortly before hatching.

scholarly journals NTPDase and acetylcholinesterase activities in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Heptapteridae) exposed to interaction of oxygen and ammonia levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer ◽  
Vania Lúcia Loro ◽  
Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger ◽  
Vera Maria Morsch ◽  
Luciane Almeri Tabaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Nucleoside Triphosphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

The effects of various levels of oxygen saturation and ammonia concentration on NTPDase (ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase, E.C. 3.6.1.5) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, E.C. 3.1.1.7) activities in whole brain of teleost fish (Rhamdia quelen) were investigated. The fish were exposed to one of two different dissolved oxygen levels, including high oxygen (6.5 mg.L-1) or low oxygen (3.5 mg.L-1), and one of two different ammonia levels, including high ammonia (0.1 mg.L-1) or low ammonia (0.03 mg.L-1) levels. The four experimental groups included the following (A) control, or high dissolved oxygen plus low NH3; (B) low dissolved oxygen plus low NH3; (C) high dissolved oxygen plus high NH3; (D) low dissolved oxygen plus high NH3. We found that enzyme activities were altered after 24 h exposure in groups C and D. ATP and ADP hydrolysis in whole brain of fish was enhanced in group D after 24 h exposure by 100% and 119%, respectively, compared to the control group. After 24 h exposure, AChE activity presented an increase of 34% and 39% in groups C and D, respectively, when compared to the control group. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that low oxygen levels increase ammonia toxicity. Moreover, the hypoxic events may increase blood flow by hypoxia increasing NTPDase activity, thus producing adenosine, a potent vasodilator.

scholarly journals Growth of Spiny Lobster Panulirus homarus Fed with Moist Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Asep Ridwanudin ◽  
Varian Fahmi ◽  
Idham Sumarto Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Spiny Lobster ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
National University ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Measure Oxygen Consumption

Oxygen is a vital parameter in aquaculture activities. The decrease of dissolved oxygen levels in aquaculture media should be highly observed, since very low dissolved oxygen conditions (hypoxia) could negatively affect to the growth and survival of fish. Therefore, research on the condition of hypoxia is very important to be studied. This study was conducted in January-February 2013 at the Laboratorium of Fish Reproductive Physiology, Pukyong National University, South Korea to measure oxygen consumption in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (total length: 14.2 ± 1.4 cm, weight: 31.3 ± 2.0 g) under normal conditions (normoxia) and hypoxia. Measurement was conducted using respirometer (dimension: 20 × 17,5 × 10 cm; volume: 3,5 L) every 10 minutes during four hours of observation. Experiment was conducted with three replications. The results showed that oxygen consumption of tilapia fingerlings in hypoxia conditions (12.09 ± 3.20 mg O2/kg/h) was lower than normoxia (35.67 ± 4.19 mg O2/kg/h) (P<0.01). Continuous hypoxic conditions could negatively affect fish movements, which could ultimately lead to mortality when dissolved oxygen levels are very low. Meanwhile, the results on determination of critical oxygen levels for tilapia showed a dissolved oxygen range of 1.9 ± 0.5 mg/L

scholarly journals Effects of Hypoxia on Oxygen Consumption of Tilapia Fingerlings (Oreochromis niloticus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Vitas Atmadi Prakoso ◽  
Young Jin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
National University ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Measure Oxygen Consumption

Oxygen is a vital parameter in aquaculture activities. The decrease of dissolved oxygen levels in aquaculture media should be highly observed, since very low dissolved oxygen conditions (hypoxia) could negatively affect to the growth and survival of fish. Therefore, research on the condition of hypoxia is very important to be studied. This study was conducted in January-February 2013 at the Laboratorium of Fish Reproductive Physiology, Pukyong National University, South Korea to measure oxygen consumption in tilapia <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> (total length: 14.2 ± 1.4 cm, weight: 31.3 ± 2.0 g) under normal conditions (normoxia) and hypoxia. Measurement was conducted using respirometer (dimension: 20 × 17,5 × 10 cm; volume: 3,5 L) every 10 minutes during four hours of observation. Experiment was conducted with three replications. The results showed that oxygen consumption of tilapia fingerlings in hypoxia conditions (12.09 ± 3.20 mg O<sub>2</sub>/kg/h) was lower than normoxia (35.67 ± 4.19 mg O<sub>2</sub>/kg/h) (P&lt;0.01). Continuous hypoxic conditions could negatively affect fish movements, which could ultimately lead to mortality when dissolved oxygen levels are very low. Meanwhile, the results on determination of critical oxygen levels for tilapia showed a dissolved oxygen range of 1.9 ± 0.5 mg/L.

scholarly journals Effect of lead in the aerobic decomposition of Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vellozo) Verdecourt

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
B.S. Soares ◽  
I Bianchini Junior ◽  
M.B. Cunha-Santino
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Myriophyllum Aquaticum ◽  
Cycling Rate ◽  
Aerobic Decomposition ◽  
The Impact

Lead is a toxic element that has been used since early times and is still employed today in several industrial processes. Events as the collapse of the Fundão dam in Bento Rodrigues, district of Mariana (MG) on November 2015, significantly increase concentrations of metals above-recommended levels, including lead. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the impact of lead in the cycling rate of organic matter in the aquatic environment. Thus, the rates of aerobic decomposition of Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdec at different concentrations of lead (5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 30.0 mg L-1) were measured, analyzing the dissolved oxygen consumption. Decomposition chambers filled with samples of water and M. aquaticum were incubated at 20° C in the dark for 80 days and periodically had the oxygen concentrations determined by polarography, when the concentrations were less than 2 mg L-1, the incubations were re-aerated. At the lowest concentrations (5.0 and 10.0 mg L-1) of lead the mineralization was lower, however, the reaction coefficients and the amount of oxygen consumed were equivalent to the control. At the highest concentrations (20.0 and 30.0 mg L-1) the mineralization was increased, with the reduction of reaction coefficients and higher oxygen consumption.

scholarly journals Essential oils from Citrus x aurantium and Citrus x latifolia (Rutaceae) have anesthetic activity and are effective in reducing ion loss in silver catfish ( Rhamdia quelen )

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Mello Lopes ◽  
Carine de Freitas Souza ◽  
Bianca Schindler ◽  
Carlos Garrido Pinheiro ◽  
Joseânia Salbego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Anesthetic Activity ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Anesthetic Effect ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

ABSTRACT This study investigated the anesthetic effect of the essential oils (EOs) from the peel of Citrus x aurantium (EOCA) and Citrus x latifolia (EOCL) on silver catfish Rhamdia quelen. Fish were exposed to different concentrations of EOCA and EOCL to determine time of anesthesia induction and recovery. Induction of anesthesia was observed in all fish exposed to 400, 600 or 800 μL L−1 EOCA and 300, 400 or 500 μL L−1 EOCL. Another group of fish were exposed for 8 h to 50, 100, or 200 μL L−1 of either EOs. Overall, fish exposed to ethanol and both EOs presented higher ventilatory frequencies (VF) than the control group throughout the 8 h of exposure. Net ion (Na+, K+ and Cl−) effluxes and ammonia excretion were significantly lower in fish exposed to 50, 100 or 200 μL L−1 of either EOs compared to control fish. Mortality was 37% in fish exposed to 200 μL L−1 of either EOs after 8 h. These findings suggest that EOCA and EOCL are useful anesthetics and sedatives for Rhamdia quelen, but their usefulness as alternatives to reduce stress in fish transportation at the lower concentrations tested (50-100 µL L−1) deserves further study.

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