scholarly journals Diet of the oilfish Ruvettus pretiosus (Perciformes: Gempylidae) in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul archipelago, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle de Lima Viana ◽  
Mariana Travassos Tolotti ◽  
Mariana Porto ◽  
Rodolfo Jorge Vale de Araújo ◽  
Teodoro Vaske Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saint Paul ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Mesopelagic Fish ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Vertical Range ◽  
Flying Fish ◽  
Saint Peter ◽  
Prey Items

Feeding aspects of the oilfish, Ruvettus pretiosus, were studied based on 360 stomachs of both male and female specimens caught off the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago. The total length of the specimens ranged from 52.4 cm to 189.0 cm. Of the 360 stomachs examined, 135 presented some food and 225 were empty. Thirty-four taxa were identified, represented by 16 fish, 17 cephalopods and 1 crustacean. The stabilization of the food items richness was attained at 35 food items and 104 stomachs, approximately. A remarkable predation upon the flying fish Cheilopogon cyanopterus was observed around SPSPA, directly related to the main reproductive period of this species in the area. The oilfish's food spectrum shows that the species feeds on a wide vertical range in the water column, catching prey items at the surface or in shallow waters, as well as epi-mesopelagic fish, in addition to mesopelagic cephalopods.

Trophic ecology of large pelagic fish in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Albuquerque ◽  
A. F. Navia ◽  
T. Vaske ◽  
O. Crespo ◽  
F. H. V. Hazin
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Saint Paul ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Main Prey ◽  
Important Prey ◽  
Saint Peter ◽  
Prey Items

Trophic relationships of large pelagic predators can determine the structure and dynamics of oceanic food webs. The feeding habits and trophic ecology of five large pelagic fish (Acanthocybium solandri, Coryphaena hippurus, Elagatis bipinnulata, Thunnus albacares and Thunnus atlanticus) in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago were evaluated to determine whether there is a trophic-niche overlap or resource partitioning among them. Eighty prey items found in 1528 stomachs were identified and grouped into Cephalopoda, Cnidaria, Crustacea, Gastropoda, Teleostei and Tunicata. Exocoetidae and Scombridae were the main prey in the diet of Acanthocybium solandri. In C. hippurus, Cheilopogon cyanopterus and Exocoetus volitans were the most important prey items, whereas C. cyanopterus was the main prey for T. albacares. Thunnus atlanticus consumed a great proportion of invertebrate species, with shrimps of Sergestidae family being particularly important. The gastropod Cavolinia sp. was the most important prey for E. bipinnulata. The five species had a high trophic specialisation and a high trophic level (>4.4), whereas most dietary overlaps were consistently low. The most important factor for diet dissimilarity was the consumption of Exocoetidade. All species were classified as top predators with varied diets, indicating their structural and functional importance in the food web of the Archipelago.

scholarly journals Correction to: A vagrant black-headed Gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) documented from Saint Peter and Saint Paul archipelago: Brazil’s first record

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Coimbra de Brum ◽  
Renata Brentano ◽  
Rosalinda Carmela Montone ◽  
Maria Virginia Petry
Keyword(s):  
Saint Paul ◽  
First Record ◽  
Saint Peter

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasites and prey items from a mass stranding of false killer whales, Pseudorca crassidens, in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. V. ANDRADE ◽  
M. C. PINEDO ◽  
A. S. BARRETO
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Ommastrephes Bartramii ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Pseudorca Crassidens ◽  
Mass Stranding ◽  
Prey Items

The gastrointestinal tract of 14 false killer whales, 6 males and 8 females, stranded in June 1995 in southern Brazil, with total standard lengths from 338 to 507 cm, were analysed for endoparasites and food items. A pregnant female had a male foetus of 77.5 cm. Parasites were found in all 14 false killer whales. The nematode Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809) was found in the stomach of 57% of the animals and the acanthocephalan Bolbosoma capitatum (Linstow, 1889) Porta, 1908 was present in the intestine of all specimens and showed densities up to 600 m-1. An unidentified cestode (Tethrabothridae) was found also in the intestines of 14% of the individuals. The high infections of B. capitatum and A. simplex were not directly related with the cause of death. In the stomachs of four females, beaks of at least eight specimens of the oceanic and epipelagic species Ommastrephes bartramii (Lesueur, 1821) were found, with mantle lengths ranging from 189.8 to 360.9 mm. The distribution of O. bartramii in the coast of Rio Grande do Sul is consistent with false killer whales feeding in continental shelf waters.

Age and food hardness affect food handling by insectivorous bats

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 985-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.E. Fraser ◽  
M.B. Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Foraging ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Handling ◽  
Insectivorous Bats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Food Items ◽  
And Gender

Eating behaviour can vary with age, experience, and gender, as well as food hardness. This variation can contribute to intraspecific dietary differences and may result in variable definitions of optimal foraging and decreased intraspecific competition. We quantified feeding behaviour of insectivorous bats eating hard and soft mealworm-based food items based on the bats’ ability to consume and manipulate food items, consumption time, chew frequency, and total chews to consume. Adult Myotis lucifugus (LeConte, 1831) were more successful at both consuming and manipulating mealworms and consumed mealworms more quickly, with greater chew frequency and in fewer chews, than did subadults. Adults chewed mealworm viscera more frequently than did subadults but showed no differences in the other variables. Adult Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois, 1796) consumed mealworms more quickly and with fewer chews than did subadults but showed no differences in the other variables. There were no differences between adult and subadult E. fuscus when consuming mealworm viscera. Male and female M. lucifugus did not differ significantly when eating either mealworms or mealworm viscera. There was no change in subadult consumption time of mealworms over the summer. Age-based differences in eating abilities may play a role in defining optimal foraging and dietary composition in insectivorous bats.

Seasonal changes of brain GnRH-I, -II, and -III during the final reproductive period in adult male and female sea lamprey

2011 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacia A. Sower ◽  
Eileen Balz ◽  
Allisan Aquilina-Beck ◽  
Scott I. Kavanaugh
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Male And Female

Activity Differences influencing Food Selection in the Marine Fish Pomatoschistus microps

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carin Magnhagen
Keyword(s):  
Prey Density ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Food Selectivity ◽  
Encounter Rate ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
Prey Items

Diets of female and male Pomatoschistus microps during the reproductive period (May–July) differed. Males ate less but used a wider range of prey species than did females. While males guard the eggs and therefore are tied to a nest during the breeding season, females have a higher mobility which leads to a higher prey encounter rate and hence a higher food selectivity than in males. After reproduction the differences between the sexes in food intake and diet disappeared. In laboratory experiments the fish were less active in aquaria with a high prey density than in those with a low density. A decrease in food selectivity with an increasing prey density can thus be due to a decrease in the activity of the fish. At a high prey density, P. microps may benefit from having a low activity and taking unselectively the prey items in its vicinity. The advantages could be reduced detectability by predators and decreased energy expenditure due to locomotion.

The food of the New Zealand common river galaxias, Galaxias vulgaris Stokell (Pisces: Salmoniformes)

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
PL Cadwallader
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Large Fish ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Terrestrial Arthropods ◽  
The Common ◽  
Adult Habitat

The food of the common river galaxias, Galaxias vulgaris Stokell, inhabiting the Glentui River, Canterbury, New Zealand, was studied between June 1970 and November 1971. Basic food consisted of Ephemeroptera: particularly the larvae of Deleatidium spp., Coloburiscus humeralis and Nesameletus ornatus. Secondary food consisted of Elmidae (Coleoptera), terrestrial arthropods, and the larvae of Rhyacophilidae, Hydropsyche colonica, Olinga feredayi, Pycnocentrodes aureola (Trichoptera), Archichauliodes diversus (Megaloptera), Chironomidae and Simuliidae (Diptera). Other food items were considered to be incidental. Diet varied seasonally and with size of fish. Large fish tended to eat larger food items than small fish, and there was also an increase in variety of food items with increase in fish size. Recently hatched fish fed predominantly on dipteran larvae, changing to a mainly ephemeropteran diet on moving to the adult habitat. Diet did not change significantly with age in fish sampled in the same type of habitat. Male and female diets were very similar.

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