The influence of schooling on cognitive screening test in the elderly

Abstract Introduction: Tests for screening cognitive functions are gaining importance with the increasing incidence and prevalence of demential syndromes. For our elderly population, the challenge is to develop neuropsychological tests independent from the influence of educational level. Objective: To compare the influence of education on the elderly with or without cognitive decline, on the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BCSB). Methods: We studied 176 elderly people: 60 with cognitive decline (aged 73.6±9.3 years and with 5.7±0.7 years of education) and 116 without cognitive impairments (aged 73.4±0.6 years and with 5.6±0.5 years of education). The BCSB was applied in all subjects. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics and analyzed by Independent Student test with 95% confidence intervals. Results: The data showed that the BCSB is an appropriate battery for identifying cognitive status in normal elderly individuals, as well as cognitive decline in our elderly sample. The BCSB items were not significantly influenced by schooling years, making this test favorable for different groups characterized by illiterate individuals, as well as by those with low or high levels of formal education. Conclusion: The BCSB proved to be a useful cognitive screening test for old people with or without cognitive decline independent of their educational level.

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The performance of the Mini-Cog in a sample of low educational level elderly

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/s1980-57642009dn30200003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 81-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sergio Telles Ribeiro Filho ◽

Roberto Alves Lourenço

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Educational Level ◽

Formal Education ◽

The Elderly ◽

University Hospital ◽

Word Recall ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Clock Drawing Test ◽

Outpatient Unit

Abstract Objectives: To study the criterion validity of the Mini-Cog in low educational level elderly. Design: Cross-sectional and validation design. Setting: Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, an outpatient unit of Rio de Janeiro State University Hospital, in Brazil. Participants: A convenient sample consisting of 306 individuals, 65 yrs or older, selected from April 8th to July 15th, 2002. Methods: All participants underwent comprehensive geriatric evaluations which included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the cognitive part of the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly - Revised (CAMCOG-R). They were classified as demented or non-demented (DSM-IV). A post-hoc analysis was performed on the data from the 3 word recall test of the MMSE, and the Clock Drawing Test from the CAMCOG-R, and respective scores were added and interpreted in accordance with the Mini-Cog protocol. Results: 293 individuals completed all the study steps; 211 had 4 or less years of schooling and were included in the data analysis. 32% had dementia. Mini-Cog sensitivity and specificity was consistently low independently of the different cut-off points considered. The best performance was found at the cut-off point of 2/3 which yielded sensitivity and specificity of 60% and 65%, respectively. Conclusion: The Mini-Cog is not a good cognitive screening tool for individuals with less than five years of formal education.

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P1-505: THE CLINICAL USEFULNESS AND VALIDITY OF THE NOVEL TABLET-BASED COGNITIVE SCREENING TEST IN PATIENTS WITH SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE AND AMNESTIC MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.516 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (7S_Part_9) ◽

pp. P523-P523

Author(s):

Juhee Chin ◽

Byung Hwa Lee ◽

Juoh Yun ◽

Jiho Yeom ◽

Nakyoung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Screening Test ◽

Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Clinical Usefulness ◽

Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽

The Novel ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Cognitive Screening Test

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Performance of the 16-Item Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline for the Elderly (IQCODE) in an Arabic-Speaking Older Population

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000437092 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (5-6) ◽

pp. 276-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Thien Kieu Thi Phung ◽

Monique Chaaya ◽

Khalil Asmar ◽

Samir Atweh ◽

Husam Ghusn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Decline ◽

Formal Education ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Cutoff Point ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

Arabic Speaking

Background/Aim: The North African and Middle Eastern region has high illiteracy rates among older people, making direct cognitive testing challenging. Validated screening instruments for dementia in Arabic are lacking. We aimed to validate the Arabic version of the 16-item Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline for the Elderly (A-IQCODE 16) for screening for dementia through an informant. Methods: 236 Lebanese participants older than 65 years, 143 with normal cognition and 93 with mild-to-moderate dementia according to the DSM-IV criteria, and their informants were recruited. Half of the participants had no formal education. Interviewers blinded to the cognitive status of the participants administered the A-IQCODE 16 to the informants. The ability of the A-IQCODE 16 to screen for dementia was evaluated against the DSM-IV diagnoses. Results: The A-IQCODE 16 had excellent overall predictive power (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve = 0.96). A cutoff point of >3.34 yielded the best sensitivity (92.5%) and specificity (94.4%) for dementia screening. At this cutoff point, the discriminatory ability of the A-IQCODE 16 was comparable between participants with and those without formal education. Conclusion: The A-IQCODE 16 is not biased by education and is therefore useful as a brief screening tool for dementia among Arabic-speaking older adults with low education.

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Intraindividual cognitive decline using a brief computerized cognitive screening test

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2010.12.009 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 95-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

David G. Darby ◽

Robert H. Pietrzak ◽

Julia Fredrickson ◽

Michael Woodward ◽

Lynette Moore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Decline ◽

Screening Test ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Cognitive Screening Test

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Relation between cognitive disorders and type of physical activity: Results of the FréLE cohort

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.883 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

C Dupré ◽

N Barth ◽

A El Moutawakkil ◽

F Béland ◽

F Roche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Cognitive Disorders ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Global Test ◽

Professional Activities ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Few previous cohorts have studied the different type of physical activities and the degree of cognitive decline. The objective of this work was to analyze the leisure, domestic and professional activities with mild and moderate cognitive disorders in older people living in community. Methods The study used data from the longitudinal and observational study, FrèLE (FRagility: Longitudinal Study of Expressions). The collected data included: socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, and health status (frailty, comorbidities, cognitive status, depression). Cognitive decline was assessed by using: MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) and MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment). MoCA was used with two cut-offs (26 and 17) so as to define mild and moderate cognitive disorders Physical activity was assessed by the PASE (Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly), structured in three sections: leisure, domestic and professional activities. Spline and proportional hazards regression models (Cox) were used to estimate the risk of cognitive disorders. Results At baseline, 1623 participants were included and the prevalence of cognitive disorders was 6.9% (MMSE) and 7.2% (MoCA), mild cognitive disorders was 71.3%. The mean age was 77 years, and 52% of the participants were women. After a 2 years long follow-up, we found 6.9% (MMSE) and 6% (MoCA) cognitive disorders on participants. Analyses showed that domestic activities were associated to cognitive decline (HR = 0.52 [0.28-0.94] for MMSE and HR = 0.48 [0.28-0.80] for MoCA). No association were found with leisure and professional activities, and no spline were significant with mild cognitive disorders. Conclusions Analysis showed a relationship between cognitive disorders and type of physical activity, thanks to the use of specific questionnaire of elderly and two global test of cognition. These findings will contribute to the debate on the beneficial effects of physical activity on cognition. Key messages This work allowed to compare two test of cognition and their link with physical activity. It contributes to the debate on the beneficial effects of physical activity on cognition. The work allowed us to see the effect of the different types of physical activity and the impact of the statistical method on the results.

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Cognitive decline, functional dependency and sociodemographic characteristics in elderly patients with bone fractures

European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education ◽

10.3390/ejihpe5020021 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 221-232

Author(s):

Ana R. Ortega ◽

Mª José Calero

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Functional Decline ◽

The Elderly ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Functional Dependency ◽

Functional Gain

The objective of this paper was to study the evolution of cognitive status and of functional dependency in patients over 65 and how these relate to different demographic variables. The sample consisted of 259 elderly people admitted to the Hospital Neurotraumatológico in Jaen (Spain) with a diagnosis of bone fracture. Sociodemographic data was obtained through a semi-structured interview. Furthermore, the following tests were also administered: Barthel Index, Lawton and Brody’s Scale, Phototest, and Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. According to the results of this study, elderly patients show increased dependency during hospitalization and a mild recovery at discharge, but without regaining their dependency values prior to hospitalization. There is a differential incidence of functional decline as a function of gender, where women have significantly lower functional dependency at home than men and they do not decline as much as men do from their status prior to hospitalization. Also, we have encountered significant inverse relations between the different levels of dependency and cognitive status, and the age of the elderly patient. Moreover, married patients experienced greater functional gain than did the widowed patients, regardless of gender.

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