scholarly journals Exercise training on cardiovascular diseases: Role of animal models in the elucidation of the mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Rodrigues ◽  
Daniele Jardim Feriani ◽  
Bruno Bavaresco Gambassi ◽  
Maria Claudia Irigoyen ◽  
Kátia De Angelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Exercise Training

scholarly journals PCSK9 and LDL-C: The Role of Exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
Jaeho Jin ◽  
Wooyeon Jo ◽  
Ji Heon Noh ◽  
Sang Ki Lee
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Proprotein Convertase ◽  
Study Review ◽  
Exercise Induced

PURPOSE: Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a pivotal regulator of low lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and LDL receptor (LDLR) metabolism, and the interest in PCSK9 has increased in cardiovascular diseases. Exercise reduces blood LDL-C via PCSK9-LDLR pathway in the liver and the vasculature. However, the mechanism of exercise-induced inhibition of PCSK is unclear. The aim of this review is to describe the role of exercise on PCSK9-LDLR axis in cardiovascular diseases.METHODS:This study review 34 previous studies focusing on the effect of exercise on PCSK9 in the human and animal.RESULTS:The effects of exercise and lifestyle intervention on hepatic and circulating PCSK9 are controversial. However, exercise consistently increases hepatic LDLR, and inhibits atherosclerosis via suppression of PCSK9 and LOX-1 in atherosclerotic region.CONCLUSIONS: Even though experimental data are still very limited, exercise training can improves blood LDL-C via inhibition of PCSK9 and enhancement of LDLR in liver and vasculature. The study of exercise on PCSK9 are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Ferroptosis Is a Potential Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target for Patients With Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Zhai ◽  
Pengtao Zou ◽  
Fuxiang Liu ◽  
Zirong Xia ◽  
Juxiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Iron Chelators ◽  
Myocardial Cells ◽  
Cell Death Pathway ◽  
Close Relationship

Cardiomyocyte death is a fundamental progress in cardiomyopathy. However, the mechanism of triggering the death of myocardial cells remains unclear. Ferroptosis, which is the nonapoptotic, iron-dependent, and peroxidation-driven programmed cell death pathway, that is abundant and readily accessible, was not discovered until recently with a pharmacological approach. New researches have demonstrated the close relationship between ferroptosis and the development of many cardiovascular diseases, and several ferroptosis inhibitors, iron chelators, and small antioxidant molecules can relieve myocardial injury by blocking the ferroptosis pathways. Notably, ferroptosis is gradually being considered as an important cell death mechanism in the animal models with multiple cardiomyopathies. In this review, we will discuss the mechanism of ferroptosis and the important role of ferroptosis in cardiomyopathy with a special emphasis on the value of ferroptosis as a potential novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for patients suffering from cardiomyopathy in the future.

Effects of aerobic exercise training in animal models of hypertension.

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Renata Kelly Da Palma ◽  
Christiane Malfitano ◽  
Guilherme Lemos Shimojo ◽  
Iris Callado Sanches ◽  
Kátia De Angelis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death due to stroke, heart attack and kidney failure. The understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in its development and maintenance is critical to potential therapeutic interventions. Thus, animal models of hypertension have been used in the study of this disease for many years. Objective: To investigated the effects of dynamic aerobic exercise training as a non-pharmacological approach for the management of hypertension in animal models. Method/Design: This study is a literature review conducted in the Medline database. Results: The results demonstrated that aerobic exercise training may reduce blood pressure in different rat models of hypertension. Conclusions: The dynamic aerobic exercise can reduced blood pressure in different animal models of hypertension by mechanisms that involving neurohumoral changes, reinforcing the important role of this approach in the treatment of hypertension and its associated disorders

scholarly journals Caloric restriction mimetics for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Sciarretta ◽  
Maurizio Forte ◽  
Francesca Castoldi ◽  
Giacomo Frati ◽  
Francesco Versaci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Acute Ischaemia ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mechanical Overload

Abstract Caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs) are emerging as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. CRMs include natural and synthetic compounds able to inhibit protein acetyltransferases, to interfere with acetyl coenzyme A biosynthesis, or to activate (de)acetyltransferase proteins. These modifications mimic the effects of caloric restriction, which is associated with the activation of autophagy. Previous evidence demonstrated the ability of CRMs to ameliorate cardiac function and reduce cardiac hypertrophy and maladaptive remodelling in animal models of ageing, mechanical overload, chronic myocardial ischaemia, and in genetic and metabolic cardiomyopathies. In addition, CRMs were found to reduce acute ischaemia–reperfusion injury. In many cases, these beneficial effects of CRMs appeared to be mediated by autophagy activation. In the present review, we discuss the relevant literature about the role of different CRMs in animal models of cardiac diseases, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of these compounds and their potential future clinical application.

Cellular and animal models in pheochromocytoma/paragangliomas research: role of microenvironment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mannelli ◽  
E Rapizzi ◽  
L Canu ◽  
T Ercolino ◽  
V Giache
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models

Role of intestinal microbiota in cardiovascular diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
R. A. FAYZULLINA ◽  
◽  
K. A. SAFINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota

The Renin Angiotensin System and Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Guimarães Barbosa ◽  
Giulia Campos Ferreira ◽  
Diomildo Ferreira Andrade Júnior ◽  
Cássio Rocha Januário ◽  
André Rolim Belisário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Angiotensin Receptors ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Search Terms

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic a multifactorial psychiatric illness that affects mood, cognition, and functioning. BD is associated with several psychiatric conditions as well clinical comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular diseases. The neurobiology of BD is complex and multifactorial and several systems have been implicated. Considering that the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases and that recently evidence has suggested its role in psychiatric disorders, the aim of the present study is to summarize and to discuss recent findings related to the modulation of RAS components in BD. A systematic search of the literature using the electronic databases MEDLINE and LILACS was conducted through March 2019. The search terms were: “Bipolar Disorder”; “Renin Angiotensin System”; “Angiotensin 2”; “Angiotensin receptors”; “Angiotensin 1-7”; “ACE”; “ACE2”; “Mas Receptor”. We included original studies assessing RAS in BD patients. Two hundred twenty-two citations were initially retrieved. Eleven studies were included in our systematic review. In the majority of studies (6 of 8), the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism did not differ between BD patients and controls. BD patients presented higher plasma renin activity in comparison with controls. The studies evaluating the RAS molecules in BD are very scarce and heterogeneous. The literature suggests a potential role of RAS in BD. Further studies are necessary to investigate this relationship.

Bioengineered in vitro Vascular Models for Applications in Interventional Radiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (45) ◽  
pp. 5367-5374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Li ◽  
Seyed M. Moosavi-Basri ◽  
Rahul Sheth ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Yu S. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Endovascular Interventions ◽  
Conventional Animal ◽  
Vascular Structures

The role of endovascular interventions has progressed rapidly over the past several decades. While animal models have long-served as the mainstay for the advancement of this field, the use of in vitro models has become increasingly widely adopted with recent advances in engineering technologies. Here, we review the strategies, mainly including bioprinting and microfabrication, which allow for fabrication of biomimetic vascular models that will potentially serve to supplement the conventional animal models for convenient investigations of endovascular interventions. Besides normal blood vessels, those in diseased states, such as thrombosis, may also be modeled by integrating cues that simulate the microenvironment of vascular disorders. These novel engineering strategies for the development of biomimetic in vitro vascular structures will possibly enable unconventional means of studying complex endovascular intervention problems that are otherwise hard to address using existing models.

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