Detection of Leishmania infantum in Lutzomyia longipalpis captured in Campo Grande, MS

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania (Ross, 1903) and is the focus of considerable attention in human and veterinary medicine. In the city of Campo Grande, MS, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis is Leishmania infantum (= L. chagasi) primary vector, comprising approximately 92.9% of the local sandfly population, is Lutzomyia longipalpis. The aim of this work was to compare real-time PCR with PCR as a tool for the detection of the kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) of L. infantum in sandflies. Sandflies of this species were caught, and a total of 38 samples with 1-4 individuals in each sample were obtained; these were distributed across 13 districts and divided between seven urban areas of the city of Campo Grande, MS. Three positive samples were found by PCR and, when using real-time PCR, this was able to detect the presence of this agent in 6 of the 13 districts sampled, which were all located on the outskirts of the city, where indicates the greater enzootic potential of these regions, as they are closer to natural forest reserves. We conclude that real-time PCR can be used for epidemiological studies of L. infantum.

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Detection of Leishmania infantum DNA by real-time PCR in canine oral and conjunctival swabs and comparison with other diagnostic techniques

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.08.010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 184 (1) ◽

pp. 10-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Gabriella Lombardo ◽

Maria Grazia Pennisi ◽

Tiziana Lupo ◽

Antonella Migliazzo ◽

Alessandra Caprì ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Diagnostic Techniques

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Reaktive Arthritis beim Hund nach Leishmanien-Infektion?

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K Kleintiere / Heimtiere ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1622657 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 36 (01) ◽

pp. 35-41

Author(s):

D. Schaarschmidt ◽

W. Müller ◽

L. Walla ◽

A. Borggräfe

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Reaktive Arthritis ◽

Klinische Relevanz

Zusammenfassung: Gegenstand und Ziel: Erstbeschreibung einer möglicherweise leishmaniosebedingten Arthritis. Material und Methode: Fallbericht einer aus Griechenland importierten vierjährigen Mischlingshündin. Ergebnisse: Die Hündin wurde mit einer mittelgradigen Stützbeinlahmheit der rechten Vordergliedmaße vorgestellt. Radiologische, computertomographische Untersuchung sowie Arthroskopie ergaben eine mittelgradige Cubarthrose mit ausgeprägter Entknorpelung der Gelenkflächen. Serologisch wurde eine Leishmanioseinfektion diagnostiziert, wobei offensichtliche klinische Anzeichen einer viszeralen oder kutanen Leishmaniose fehlten. Mittels Real-Time-PCR ließ sich in der Synovia des betroffenen Ellbogengelenks Leishmaniainfantum-DNA nachweisen. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Bei Hunden mit Auslandsvorbericht und Arthropathien unklarer Genese bietet sich der direkte Nachweis von Leishmania-infantum-DNA mittels PCR aus Synovia an.

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Detection of Leishmania infantum DNA by fret-based real-time PCR in urine from dogs with natural clinical leishmaniosis

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.04.013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 147 (3-4) ◽

pp. 315-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

L. Solano-Gallego ◽

Alheli Rodriguez-Cortes ◽

Michele Trotta ◽

Claudia Zampieron ◽

Luis Razia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Leishmania Infantum

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Data on the differentiation among Leishmania (Viannia) spp., Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in Brazilian clinical samples using real-time PCR

Data in Brief ◽

10.1016/j.dib.2019.104914 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 104914 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aurora Diotallevi ◽

Gloria Buffi ◽

Marcello Ceccarelli ◽

Herintha Coeto Neitzke-Abreu ◽

Laisa Vieira Gnutzmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Leishmania Amazonensis ◽

Clinical Samples

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Diagnosis and epidemiological studies of human metapneumovirus using real-time PCR

Journal of Clinical Virology ◽

10.1016/j.jcv.2007.08.004 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 186-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Kanti Pabbaraju ◽

Sallene Wong ◽

Thomas McMillan ◽

Bonita E. Lee ◽

Julie D. Fox

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Human Metapneumovirus

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Urban Emissions of CO2 from Davos, Switzerland: The First Real-Time Monitoring System Using an Atmospheric Inversion Technique

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/jamc-d-13-038.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 2654-2668 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Thomas Lauvaux ◽

Natasha L. Miles ◽

Scott J. Richardson ◽

Aijun Deng ◽

David R. Stauffer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Atmospheric Model ◽

Cold Wave ◽

Local Climate ◽

Diurnal Cycles ◽

Mixing Ratios ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

The City ◽

Atmospheric Inversion

AbstractAnthropogenic emissions from urban areas represent 70% of the fossil fuel carbon emitted globally according to carbon emission inventories. The authors present here the first operational system able to monitor in near–real time daily emission estimates, using a mesoscale atmospheric inversion framework over the city of Davos, Switzerland, before, during, and after the World Economic Forum 2012 Meeting (WEF-2012). Two instruments that continuously measured atmospheric mixing ratios of greenhouse gases (GHGs) were deployed at two locations from 23 December 2011 to 3 March 2012: one site was located in the urban area and the other was out of the valley in the surrounding mountains. Carbon dioxide, methane, and carbon monoxide were measured continuously at both sites. The Weather Research and Forecasting mesoscale atmospheric model (WRF), in four-dimensional data assimilation mode, was used to simulate the transport of GHGs over the valley of Davos at 1.3-km resolution. Wintertime emissions prior to the WEF-2012 were about 40% higher than the initial annual inventory estimate, corresponding to the use of heating fuel in the winter. Daily inverse fluxes were highly correlated with the local climate, especially during the severe cold wave that affected most of Europe in early February 2012. During the WEF-2012, emissions dropped by 35% relative to the first month of the deployment, despite similar temperatures and the presence of several thousand participants at the meeting. On the basis of composite diurnal cycles of hourly CO/CO2 ratios, the absence of traffic peaks during the WEF-2012 meeting indicated that change in road emissions is potentially responsible for the observed decrease in the city emissions during the meeting.

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Real-time PCR to assess the Leishmania load in Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies: Screening of target genes and assessment of quantitative methods

Experimental Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.exppara.2011.08.010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 129 (3) ◽

pp. 234-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Diana R. Bezerra-Vasconcelos ◽

Luciana M. Melo ◽

Érica S. Albuquerque ◽

Maria C.S. Luciano ◽

Claudia M.L. Bevilaqua

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Target Genes ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Sand Flies

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Quantification of Leishmania infantum DNA by a Real-Time PCR Assay with High Sensitivity

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.42.11.5249-5255.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 42 (11) ◽

pp. 5249-5255 ◽

Cited By ~ 248

Author(s):

C. Mary ◽

F. Faraut ◽

L. Lascombe ◽

H. Dumon

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Pcr Assay

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Development of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the sensitive detection of Schistosoma japonicum in human stool

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0009877 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. e0009877

Author(s):

Sara Halili ◽

Jessica R. Grant ◽

Nils Pilotte ◽

Catherine A. Gordon ◽

Steven A. Williams

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Schistosoma Japonicum ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Bioinformatic Analysis ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

Diagnostic Assay ◽

Blood Flukes ◽

Human Stool

Background Elimination and control of Schistosoma japonicum, the most virulent of the schistosomiasis-causing blood flukes, requires the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools capable of providing an accurate measurement of the infection prevalence in endemic areas. Typically, detection of S. japonicum has occurred using the Kato-Katz technique, but this methodology, which requires skilled microscopists, has been shown to radically underestimate levels of infection. With the ever-improving capabilities of next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis tools, identification of satellite sequences and other highly repetitive genomic elements for use as real-time PCR diagnostic targets is becoming increasingly common. Assays developed using these targets have the ability to improve the sensitivity and specificity of results for epidemiological studies that can in turn be used to inform mass drug administration and programmatic decision making. Methodology/Principal findings Utilizing Tandem Repeat Analyzer (TAREAN) and RepeatExplorer2, a cluster-based analysis of the S. japonicum genome was performed and a tandemly arranged genomic repeat, which we named SjTR1 (Schistosoma japonicum Tandem Repeat 1), was selected as the target for a real-time PCR diagnostic assay. Based on these analyses, a primer/probe set was designed and the assay was optimized. The resulting real-time PCR test was shown to reliably detect as little as 200 ag of S. japonicum genomic DNA and as little as 1 egg per gram of human stool. Based on these results, the index assay reported in this manuscript is more sensitive than previously published real-time PCR assays for the detection of S. japonicum. Conclusions/Significance The extremely sensitive and specific diagnostic assay described in this manuscript will facilitate the accurate detection of S. japonicum, particularly in regions with low levels of endemicity. This assay will be useful in providing data to inform programmatic decision makers, aiding disease control and elimination efforts.

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