Plant physiology as affected by humified organic matter

This research aimed to study the effect of kinds of culture media composition added with organic matter (soya bean extract, corn extract and fish emulsion) and PGR concentration to the growth of each cross breed orchid explants. Research was conducted in Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret University of Surakarta from March 2009 until the end. This research was done in Randomized Completely Design with two factors of treatment and four replications. The first factor was media and organic matter, consist of 3 levels: soya bean extract, corn extract and fish emulsion. The second factor was atonik concentration, consist of 3 levels: 0 cc/l, 0.5 cc/l and 1 cc/l. The research concluded that for the explants of crossing (Phalaeonopsis pinlong cinderela ♀ >< Phalaeonopsis joanekileup June” ♂) two treatment of corn extract affected significantly to the root emergence time (21.33 ) and member of root (1,92 day after planting) The treatment of fish emulsion affected significantly to the root length (2,82 cm), number of root (1,92) and produced the longest leaf. The treatment of Atonik increased the number of leaf and root.

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Physiological Response of Upland Rice Varieties to Furrow with Organic Matter on Agroforestry System with Kayu Putih (Melaleuca leucadendra L.)

Caraka Tani Journal of Sustainable Agriculture ◽

10.20961/carakatani.v34i2.29786 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 223

Author(s):

Puji Lestari Tarigan ◽

Tohari Tohari ◽

Priyono Suryanto

Keyword(s):

Plant Physiology ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Dry Land ◽

Organic Matters ◽

Water Transportation ◽

Significant Difference

Drought is one of the major limitations in dry land cultivation. Drought affects plant physiology processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, mineral and water transportation, and transpiraton, briefly called drought stress. Drought stress can be avoided by managing environment. Furrow containing organic matter for rain fed rice has been the subject of many studies, with special emphasis on soil moisture. This research is aimed to know the effects of the furrow containing organic matter on physiological responses of several upland rice varieties on agroforestry system based on kayu putih (cajuput). The experimental design applied the strip plot design. The vertical factor is the furrow system of treatment consisting of 2 levels i.e. without furrow + without organic matter and furrow + organic matters. The horizontal factors are the upland rice varieties consisting of 3 varieties i.e. Situ Patenggang, Situ Bagendit and Ciherang. The collected data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) applying a level of significance α = 5%. Whenever significant differences among treatments were found, further analysis was carried out by applying the Tukey's HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) test α = 5% levels. The result shows that drought affects plant physiology and can be avoided by using furrow containing organic matters. Situ Patenggang with furrow containing organic matters has the higher physiology capability, it had photosynthesis 387.18 µmol CO2 per clump s-1, transpiration 3038.50 mg per clump per secondand CO2 721.11 mol CO2 clump per mol. There different plant requirements for Cu between varieties.

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