Comparison of Bacterial Diversity in Wheat Bran and in the Gut of Larvae and Newly Emerged Adult of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) by Use of Ethidium Monoazide Reveals Bacterial Colonization

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1832-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijian Su ◽  
Minjing Zhang ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
Lei Tong ◽  
Yadong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Ethidium Monoazide

Effects of Experience on Subsequent Feeding or Oviposition Preference in Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) and Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Zheng-Yan Wang ◽  
Jian-Chu Mo
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Chrysomya Megacephala ◽  
Host Selection Behavior ◽  
Chemical Legacy ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
Gravid Females

Objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of larval experience on feeding preference of larvae and the effect of larval and pupal experience on oviposition preference of females in Musca domestica L. and Chrysomya megacephala F. Dietary experience from hatch to test significantly influenced feeding preference of the second-instar larvae in M. domestica (P < 0.01), but did not in C. megacephala. The larval dietary and pupal experience did not change the oviposition preference of C. megacephala, and experienced gravid females laid all of their eggs on pork muscle. Larval feeding regimen had no effect on oviposition preference of subsequent females in M. domestica. However, the pupal experience in M. domestica significantly influenced the oviposition preference of subsequent females, and M. domestica females from pupae matured on wheat bran laid significantly more eggs on wheat bran than those that matured on pork muscle, or filter paper whether pupae were washed or not (P < 0.01). These results demonstrated that host-selection behavior in M. domestica was shaped by preimaginal experience according to the chemical legacy hypothesis.

scholarly journals Effects of Larval Population Density and Food Type on the Life Cycle of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Kökdener ◽  
Filiz Kiper
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Life History Parameters

Abstract Larval density is an important factor modulating larval resource-acquisition, influencing development of insects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of larval density and substrate content on some life-history parameters of Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae). This research was carried out from March 2019 through September 2019 at Animal Physiology Laboratory of Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey. Groups of 25, 100, 200, and 400 newly hatched M. domestica larvae were transferred to a polyethylene cup filled with different substrates (i.e., wheat bran, poultry meal, soybean meal) and kept at 25°C, 62% RH with a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D) h. A two-way analysis of variance (Two way ANOVA) was used to analyze the data on the percentage of pupal and larval survival development time, pupal, and adult weight to evaluate the effect of density and rearing substrate. In this study, increasing larval density and nutrient content of food led to changes in the larval and pupal development time of M. domestica. The results also indicated that the weight of pupae and adult survival was negatively affected by increasing larval density. The wheat bran diet was superior to the other diets for all parameters tested. Our study indicated that life history parameters of Musca domestica are affected by the rearing conditions.

scholarly journals Taxonomic Identification of Ruminal Epithelial Bacterial Diversity during Rumen Development in Goats

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 3502-3509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinzhen Jiao ◽  
Jinyu Huang ◽  
Chuanshe Zhou ◽  
Zhiliang Tan
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rumen Development

ABSTRACTUnderstanding of the colonization process of epithelial bacteria attached to the rumen tissue during rumen development is very limited. Ruminal epithelial bacterial colonization is of great significance for the relationship between the microbiota and the host and can influence the early development and health of the host. MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were applied to characterize ruminal epithelial bacterial diversity during rumen development in this study. Seventeen goat kids were selected to reflect the no-rumination (0 and 7 days), transition (28 and 42 days), and rumination (70 days) phases of animal development. Alpha diversity indices (operational taxonomic unit [OTU] numbers, Chao estimate, and Shannon index) increased (P< 0.01) with age, and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that the samples clustered together according to age group. Phylogenetic analysis revealed thatProteobacteria,Firmicutes, andBacteroideteswere detected as the dominant phyla regardless of the age group, and the abundance ofProteobacteriadeclined quadratically with age (P< 0.001), while the abundances ofBacteroidetes(P= 0.088) andFirmicutes(P= 0.009) increased with age. At the genus level,Escherichia(80.79%) dominated at day zero, whilePrevotella,Butyrivibrio, andCampylobactersurged (linearly;P< 0.01) in abundance at 42 and 70 days. qPCR showed that the total copy number of epithelial bacteria increased linearly (P= 0.013) with age. In addition, the abundances of the generaButyrivibrio,Campylobacter, andDesulfobulbuswere positively correlated with rumen weight, rumen papilla length, ruminal ammonia and total volatile fatty acid concentrations, and activities of carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) and xylanase. Taking the data together, colonization by ruminal epithelial bacteria is age related (achieved at 2 months) and might participate in the anatomic and functional development of the rumen.

A Method for the Sterile Culture of Housefly Larvae, Musca domestica L.

1954 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 527-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Yeast Suspension ◽  
Standard Mixture ◽  
Sterile Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Alfalfa Meal

During the past decade, larvae of the housefly, Musca domestica L., have been reared routinely in a medium containing two parts of wheat bran and one part of alfalfa meal, moistened with a yeast suspension and a solution of malt euuact. The recent appearance of a standard mixture of wheat bran (33.3 per cent), alfaIfa meal (26.7 per cent), and brewers grain (40.0 per cent), called CSMA (formerly NAIDM), has further simplified the rearing of this species of fly. This note reports a modification of the CSMA medium and its use in the sterile culture of housefly larvae.

scholarly journals Vertical Transmission of Diverse Cultivation-Recalcitrant Endophytic Bacteria Elucidated Using Watermelon Seed Embryos

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pious Thomas ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Plant Biology ◽  
Watermelon Seed ◽  
Tissue Homogenates ◽  
Embryo Sections

Seed transmission of endophytic microorganisms is a growing research area in plant biology and microbiology. We employed cultivation versus cultivation-independent approaches on excised embryos from watermelon seeds (6–12 months in storage) and on embryo-derived in vitro seedlings (EIVS) to assess the vertical transmission of endophytic bacteria. Surface-disinfected watermelon seeds bore abundant residual bacteria in the testa and perisperm tissues, predominantly Bacillus spp. propounding the essentiality of excluding all non-embryonic tissues for vertical transmission studies. Tissue homogenates from re-disinfected seed embryos displayed no cultivable bacteria during the 1-week monitoring. Bright-field live microscopy revealed abundant bacteria in tissue homogenates and in embryo sections as intracellular motile particles. Confocal imaging on embryo sections after SYTO-9 staining and eubacterial fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) endorsed enormous bacterial colonization. Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME)-based 16S rRNA V3–V4 taxonomic profiling excluding the preponderant chloroplast and mitochondrial sequences revealed a high bacterial diversity in watermelon seed embryos mainly Firmicutes barring spore formers followed by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, and other minor phyla. Embryo-base (comprising the radicle plus plumule parts) and embryo-cotyledon parts differed in bacterial profiles with the abundance of Firmicutes in the former and Proteobacteria dominance in the latter. EIVS displayed a higher bacterial diversity over seed embryos indicating the activation from the dormant stage of more organisms in seedlings or their better amenability to DNA techniques. It also indicated embryo-to-seedling bacterial transmission, varying taxonomic abundances for seed embryos and seedlings, and differing phylogenic profiles for root, hypocotyl, and cotyledon/shoot-tip tissues. Investigations on different watermelon cultivars confirmed the embryo transmission of diverse cultivation recalcitrant endophytic bacteria. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes formed the core phyla across different cultivars with 80–90% similarity at genus to phylum levels. Conversely, freshly harvested seeds displayed a dominance of Proteobacteria. The findings revealed that dicot seeds such as in different watermelon cultivars come packaged with abundant and diverse vertical and seedling-transmissible cultivation recalcitrant endophytic bacteria with significant implications for plant biology.

Minimal and dynamic bacterial diversity in grease trap revealed by molecular analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas F.S. ◽  
Richard F. ◽  
Adolphe Y. ◽  
Haenn S. ◽  
Moilleron R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Molecular Analysis

Efektifitas Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper Betle) sebagai Insektisida Nabati terhadap Mortalitas Lalat Rumah (Musca domestica)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Rinaldi Daswito ◽  
Rima Folentia ◽  
M Yusuf MF
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
House Flies ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

One of the diseases that can be transmitted by flies is diarrhea. Green betel leaf contains essential oils, chavicol, arecoline, phenol, and tannins which function as plant-based insecticides. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of green betel leaf extract (Piper betel) as a plant-based insecticide on the number of mortality of house flies (Musca domestica). The research was an experimental study used After Only Design used the One Way Anova test with a 95% confidence level. The samples used were 360 ​​house flies. Each treatment of 30 house flies with 4 repetitions and used three concentrations of green betel leaf extract (25%, 50%, 75%). The study was conducted at the Chemistry and Microbiology Laboratory of Health Polytechnic Tanjungpinang, while the location of the fly collection was at the Tokojo Garbage Collection Station in Bintan Regency. The number of mortality of house flies at a concentration of 25% was 81 heads (67.5%), 50% concentrations were 93 heads (77.5%), and at a concentration of 75% were 103 heads (85.83%). There was an effect of green betel leaf extract on the mortality of house flies (p-value 0.0001 <0.05) with the most effective concentration of 75%. Further research is needed to obtain a finished product utilizing green betel leaf extract as a vegetable insecticide, especially in controlling the fly vector. Need further research on the use of green betel leaf extract as a vegetable insecticide controlling the fly vector by taking into account the amount of spraying and the age of the fly.   Keywords: Green betel leaf extract , organic insecticide, houseflies

Insecticidal bait development for control of Musca Domestica L.

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Levchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Previous Level ◽  
Group Feeding ◽  
Livestock Building ◽  
Production Conditions

The control of houseflies (Musca domestica L.) in veterinary surveillance premises is an important measure for the welfare of animals against infectious and invasive diseases. For this purpose, the most effective chemical insecticides are used. To prevent possible resistance to them, bait insecticides with two active binary ingredients from different chemical classes are used. The work was carried out in the laboratory of the Tyumen Scientific Center and in the production conditions of ZAO Pyshminskaya Poultry Farm. This material presents the main stages in the development of a prototype of the insecticidal bait Mukhnet AX containing two insecticides: 1.5% acetamiprid and 6% chlorfenapir. For this purpose, adults of houseflies Musca domestica L. 3-5 days old were used. Under laboratory conditions, effective rational doses of the above insecticides were determined by group feeding, feeding and by the method of assessing food insecticidal baits when fighting flies from 0.00002 to 4% concentrations. According to the results of laboratory studies, it was found that the optimal doses causing 100% death of insects were 0.5% for acetamiprid and 2% for chlorfenapir. The insecticidal efficiency of the developed bait Mukhnet AH against flies in production conditions on the first day after the treatment of the livestock building was 91.25%. The insecticidal effect of the measures taken lasted for at least 6 days. The restoration of the number to the previous level of the number of insects occurred after 10 days. Based on the results obtained, the Method of using the composition of an insecticidal bait agent in the fight against Musca domestica was proposed and patented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document