Frost Reduces Clethodim Efficacy in Clethodim-Resistant Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) Populations

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupinder Kaur Saini ◽  
Jenna Malone ◽  
Christopher Preston ◽  
Gurjeet S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Rigid Ryegrass ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase

Rigid ryegrass, an important annual weed species in cropping regions of southern Australia, has evolved resistance to 11 major groups of herbicides. Dose–response studies were conducted to determine response of three clethodim-resistant populations and one clethodim-susceptible population of rigid ryegrass to three different frost treatments (−2 C). Clethodim-resistant and -susceptible plants were exposed to frost in a frost chamber from 4:00 P.M. to 8:00 A.M. for three nights before or after clethodim application and were compared with plants not exposed to frost. A reduction in the level of clethodim efficacy was observed in resistant populations when plants were exposed to frost for three nights before or after clethodim application. In the highly resistant populations, the survival percentage and LD50were higher when plants were exposed to frost before clethodim application compared with frost after clethodim application. However, frost treatment did not influence clethodim efficacy of the susceptible population. Sequencing of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) gene of the three resistant populations identified three known mutations at positions 1781, 2041, and 2078. However, most individuals in the highly resistant populations did not contain any known mutation in ACCase, suggesting the resistance mechanism was a nontarget site. The effect of frost on clethodim efficacy in resistant plants may be an outcome of the interaction between frost and the clethodim resistance mechanism(s) present.

Evolved resistance to glyphosate in rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in Australia

Weed Science ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Powles ◽  
Debrah F. Lorraine-Colwill ◽  
James J. Dellow ◽  
Christopher Preston
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Rigid Ryegrass ◽  
Susceptible Populations ◽  
Grass Weed

Following 15 yr of successful use, glyphosate failed to control a population of the widespread grass weed rigid ryegrass in Australia. This population proved to be resistant to glyphosate in pot dose-response experiments conducted outdoors, exhibiting 7- to 11-fold resistance when compared to a susceptible population. Some cross-resistance to diclofop-methyl (about 2.5-fold) was also observed. Similar levels of control of the resistant and susceptible populations were obtained following application of amitrole, chlorsulfuron, fluazifop-P-butyl, paraquat, sethoxydim, sirnazine, or tralkoxydim. The presence of glyphosate resistance in a major weed species indicates a need for changes in glyphosate use patterns.

Resistance to Acetyl-Coenzyme a Carboxylase-Inhibiting Herbicides Endowed by a Single Major Gene Encoding a Resistant Target Site in a Biotype of Lolium rigidum

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
FJ Tardif ◽  
C Preston ◽  
JAM Holtum ◽  
SB Powles
Keyword(s):  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase

The mechanism and mode of inheritance of resistance to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides was investigated in a biotype of Lolium rigidum that has evolved resistance following selection with diclofop-methyl for 10 consecutive years. ACCase extracted from the resistant biotype is > 6.9 times more resistant to inhibition by diclofop than enzyme from a susceptible biotype. Similar or greater levels of resistance were found to other related herbicides. There is no difference in absorption or metabolism of diclofop-methyl or haloxyfop-methyl between the resistant and susceptible biotypes, hence differential absorption or metabolism of these herbicides does not contribute to resistance. F1 families from reciprocal crosses between the resistant biotype and a susceptible biotype respond similarly to the herbicide and are nearly as resistant as the resistant parent, indicating that the resistance trait is nuclearly located and has incomplete dominance over susceptibility. F2 families treated with 26 and 208 g ai ha-1 of haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl reveal only two phenotypes: resistant plants showing no injury and susceptible plants showing no growth. At both rates of haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl, the segregation of resistance to susceptibility follows a ratio of 3:1 (R:S) that fits the predicted ratio for a single nuclear gene with high dominance. From the F1 and F2 data, it is concluded that resistance to haloxyfop in this resistant biotype of L. rigidum is inherited as a single nuclear incompletely dominant gene coding for a resistant form of the target enzyme ACCase.

Reduced Glyphosate Translocation in Two Glyphosate-Resistant Populations of Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) from Fence Lines in South Australia

Weed Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Adu-Yeboah ◽  
Jenna M. Malone ◽  
Gurjeet Gill ◽  
Christopher Preston
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Mechanism Of Resistance ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Rigid Ryegrass ◽  
Susceptible Populations ◽  
Fence Line

Populations of rigid ryegrass with resistance to glyphosate have started to become a problem on fence lines of cropping fields of southern Australian farms. Seed of rigid ryegrass plants that survived glyphosate application were collected from two fence line locations in Clare, South Australia. Dose–response experiments confirmed resistance of these fence line populations to glyphosate. Both populations required 9- to 15-fold higher glyphosate dose to achieve 50% mortality in comparison to a standard susceptible population. The mechanism of resistance in these populations was investigated. Sequencing a conserved region of the gene encoding 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase identified no differences between the resistant and susceptible populations. Absorption of glyphosate into leaves of the resistant populations was not different from the susceptible population. However, the resistant plants retained significantly more herbicide in the treated leaf blades than did the susceptible plants. Conversely, susceptible plants translocated significantly more herbicide to the leaf sheaths and untreated leaves than the resistant plants. The differences in translocation pattern for glyphosate between the resistant and susceptible populations of rigid ryegrass suggest resistance is associated with altered translocation of glyphosate in the fence line populations.

scholarly journals Weed resistance to acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase inhibitors: an update

Weed Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Délye
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme ◽  
Resistance To Herbicides ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase

Herbicides targeting grass plastidic acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) are effective selective graminicides. Their intensive use worldwide has selected for resistance genes in a number of grass weed species. Biochemistry and molecular biology have been the means of determining the herbicidal activity and selectivity toward crop plants of ACC-inhibiting herbicides. In recent years, elucidation of the tridimensional structure of ACC and identification of five amino acid residues within the ACC carboxyl transferase domain that are critical determinants for herbicide sensitivity shed light on the basis of ACC-based resistance to herbicides. However, metabolism-based resistance to ACC-inhibiting herbicides is much less well known, although this type of resistance seems to be widespread. A number of genes thus endow resistance to ACC-inhibiting herbicides, with the possibility for various resistance genes that confer dominant resistance at the herbicide field rate to accumulate within a single weed population or plant. This, together with a poor knowledge of the genetic parameters driving resistance, renders the evolution of resistance to ACC-inhibiting herbicides unpredictable. Future research should consider developing tactics to slow the spread of resistance. For this purpose, it is crucial that our understanding of metabolism-based resistance improves rapidly because this mechanism is complex and can confer resistance to herbicides with different target sites.

Resistance mechanism to acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase inhibiting herbicides in Phalaris paradoxa collected in Mexican wheat fields

2011 ◽  
Vol 355 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Cruz-Hipolito ◽  
José A. Domínguez-Valenzuela ◽  
Maria D. Osuna ◽  
Rafael De Prado
Keyword(s):  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase

Resistance to glyphosate inLolium rigidum.I. Bioevaluation

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Pratley ◽  
Nigel Urwin ◽  
Rex Stanton ◽  
Peter Baines ◽  
John Broster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Resistant Phenotype ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Glyphosate is the world's most widely used herbicide. It is nonselective and has been used to control a broad range of weed species for the past 20 yr, without the appearance of resistant weed biotypes. However, a biotype ofLolium rigidumfrom a field in Northern Victoria, Australia, in which glyphosate had been used for the past 15 yr, failed to be controlled by label recommended rates. Based on LD50values from pot dose-response experiments, this biotype exhibited resistance to glyphosate and was nearly 10-fold more resistant compared to the susceptible biotypes tested. The biotype was resistant to three different salts of glyphosate. The biotype was also nearly threefold more resistant to diclofop-methyl but was susceptible to other commonly used selective and broad-spectrum herbicides. Between the two-leaf and tillering stages of development, a susceptible biotype exhibited a small but significant decrease in tolerance to glyphosate, whereas tolerance of the resistant biotype remained unchanged with age. The resistant phenotype was verified in experiments in which seed was germinated in the presence of glyphosate. Observations on shoot and root growth of seedlings in these experiments suggested that the resistance mechanism might be associated more with the shoot than with the root.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document