Modeling of Electrohydrodynamic Processes within a Charge Injected Fuel Spray Nozzle

Abstract Reducing emissions and improving fuel economy has become a key target for advanced aircraft engine platforms. The competitive aviation market requires a drastic reduction in current aircraft emission levels, which leads to the requirement of optimising the entire combustion process. Lean burn pre-mixed systems are an efficient way of reducing NOx emissions. Starting from a datum blade generated in a companion paper, shape optimisation strategies applied to a fuel spray nozzle have been explored. Making use of three different design space parametrisation methods and several optimisation algorithms, an optimised passage has been generated. The optimised design achieves a considerable pressure loss reduction in comparison to the baseline design.

Download Full-text

Numerical Study on Abrasive Flow of the Fuel Spray Nozzle Based on RNG k-ε Model

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/382/4/042004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 382 ◽

pp. 042004

Author(s):

JunYe Li ◽

NingNing Su ◽

GuiLing Wu ◽

WenQing Meng

Keyword(s):

Numerical Study ◽

Fuel Spray ◽

Spray Nozzle

Download Full-text

Analyzing the Interaction of Vortex and Gas–Liquid Interface Dynamics in Fuel Spray Nozzles by Means of Lagrangian-Coherent Structures (2D)

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12132552 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (13) ◽

pp. 2552

Author(s):

Dauch ◽

Ates ◽

Rapp ◽

Keller ◽

Chaussonnet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coherent Structures ◽

Fuel Spray ◽

Nozzle Geometry ◽

Spray Nozzle ◽

Sph Method ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Fuel Flow ◽

Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent ◽

Primary Breakup ◽

Unique Approach

Predictions of the primary breakup of fuel in realistic fuel spray nozzles for aero-enginecombustors by means of the SPH method are presented. Based on simulations in 2D, novel insightsinto the fundamental effects of primary breakup are established by analyzing the dynamics ofLagrangian-coherent structures (LCSs). An in-house visualization and data exploration platformis used in order to retrieve fields of the finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) derived from theSPH predictions aiming at the identification of time resolved LCSs. The main focus of this paperis demonstrating the suitability of FTLE fields to capture and visualize the interaction between thegas and the fuel flow leading to liquid disintegration. Aiming for a convenient illustration at a highspatial resolution, the analysis is presented based on 2D datasets. However, the method and theconclusions can analoguosly be transferred to 3D. The FTLE fields of modified nozzle geometriesare compared in order to highlight the influence of the nozzle geometry on primary breakup, whichis a novel and unique approach for this industrial application. Modifications of the geometry areproposed which are capable of suppressing the formation of certain LCSs, leading to less fluctuationof the fuel flow emerging from the spray nozzle.

Download Full-text

Principle and Experiment of Electrostatic Circular Sensor on Turbojet Engine

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.231 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 401-403 ◽

pp. 231-234

Author(s):

Yu Fu ◽

Hong Fu Zuo ◽

Jing Cai ◽

Jun Qiang Liu

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Early Warning ◽

Carbon Deposition ◽

Condition Based Maintenance ◽

Fuel Spray ◽

Spray Nozzle ◽

Real Time Monitoring ◽

Turbojet Engine

The principle of gas path electrostatic circular sensor was discussed in this paper, in addition, a monitoring experiment with self-made circular sensor was carried out on turbojet engine, and electrostatic signals were collected successfully to verify the validity and feasibility of the sensor. According to the signals monitored over 131h, typical signals of 233-240 phases were analyzed. It was proved that the unusual particles were caused by carbon deposition from fuel spray nozzle. Therefore, under real-time monitoring of gas path changes with electrostatic circular sensor, early warning could be provided for initial fault condition as well as real-time reference for condition-based maintenance.

Download Full-text

Method, apparatus, and communication device for charging a charge storage device which is momentarily connected to a fixed load

Journal of Power Sources ◽

10.1016/s0378-7753(97)84095-5 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 158-159

Author(s):

B Eastmond

Keyword(s):

Storage Device ◽

Charge Storage ◽

Communication Device ◽

Fixed Load ◽

A Charge ◽

Charge Storage Device

Download Full-text

Electron Holographic Nano-Characterization of Gold Catalyst at Interface

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-727-r2.2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 727 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Ichikawa ◽

T. Akita ◽

M. Okumura ◽

M. Haruta ◽

K. Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Titanium Oxide ◽

Gold Catalyst ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Electron Holography ◽

Gold Particles ◽

Oxide Support ◽

The Mean ◽

A Charge

AbstractThe catalytic properties of nanostructured gold catalyst are known to depend on the size of the gold particles and to be activated when the size decreases to a few nanometers. We investigated the size dependence of the three-dimensional nanostructure on the mean inner potential of gold catalysts supported on titanium oxide using electron holography and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). The contact angle of the gold particles on the titanium oxide tended to be over 90° for gold particles with a size of over 5 nm, and below 90° for a size of below 2 nm. This decreasing change in the contact angle (morphology) acts to increase the perimeter and hence the area of the interface between the gold and titanium oxide support, which is considered to be an active site for CO oxidation. The mean inner potential of the gold particles also changed as their size decreased. The value of the inner potential of gold, which is approximately 25 V in bulk state, rose to over 40 V when the size of the gold particles was less than 2 nm. This phenomenon indicates the existence of a charge transfer at the interface between gold and titanium oxide. The 3-D structure change and the inner potential change should be attributed to the specific electronic structure at the interface, owing to both the “nano size effect” and the “hetero-interface effect.”

Download Full-text