scholarly journals Studies on the Growth of Rice Plants Cultivated in Different Seasons. : I. Growing progress and changes of chemical composition in rice plant.

1959 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keichi SAMOTO ◽  
Katsuo SUGIMOTO ◽  
Masayoshi UDA ◽  
Kaichiro SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Different Seasons

SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GRASSES HARVESTED FROM THE NATURAL PASTURE IN OGUN STATE SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
O. A. OKUKENU ◽  
B. T. AKINYEMI ◽  
P. A. DELE ◽  
A. A. OLAJIDE ◽  
A.O. JOLAOSHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Dominant Grasses

The research was carried was carried out to evaluate the chemical composition of the dominant grasses harvested from the natural pasture in selected villages in Ogun State, South-western Nigeria at different seasons. The study was carried out using a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement comprising four seasons (early rain, late rain, early dry and late dry) at six locations (Afami, Atokun, Ibooro, Ileniku, Ipaaya, and Okerori). Results showed that the crude protein (CP) content significantly (p<0.05) varied from 5.56 % for Okerori to 7.34 % for Ibooro and the grasses harvested at Afami had the highest (72.75 %) neutral detergent fibre (NDF) values with the least (68.75 %) value recorded for Okerori, while the acid detergent fibre (ADF) values ranged from 41.00 % for Atokun to 48.25 % for Okerori. Also, CP value as affected by the season ranged from 4.23 % for late rainy to 9.44 % for the early rainy season and NDF values from 67.33% for late dry to 72.33 % for late rainy season while the early dry season had the highest value (48.00 %) for ADF with the least value (40.33 %) was recorded for the early rainy season. The phosphorus (P) value was highest at Ipaaya (2.99 g/kg) with the least value observed at Okerori (1.62 g/kg). The value for calcium ranged from 2.55 g/kg at Afami to 6.59 g/kg at Okerori. The P value of grasses as affected by seasons ranged from 1.46 g/kg for early dry to 2.66 g/kg for early rainy seasons.

Chemical composition of essential oil from Varronia curassavica Jacq. accessions in different seasons of the year

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 111656 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P.S Marques ◽  
F.P.G. Bonfim ◽  
W.F.C. Dantas ◽  
R.J. Puppi ◽  
M.O.M. Marques
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Different Seasons

scholarly journals The sensitivity of PM<sub>2.5</sub> acidity to meteorological parameters and chemical composition changes: 10-year records from six Canadian monitoring sites

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Tao ◽  
Jennifer G. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Seasonal Cycles ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Water Soluble Inorganic Ions ◽  
Composition Changes

Abstract. Aerosol pH is difficult to measure directly but can be calculated if the chemical composition is known with sufficient accuracy and precision to calculate the aerosol water content and the H+ concentration through ion balance. In practical terms, simultaneous measurements of at least one semi-volatile constitute, e.g. NH3 or HNO3, are required to provide a constraint on the calculation of pH. Long-term records of aerosol pH are scarce due to the limited monitoring of NH3 in conjunction with PM2.5. In this study, 10-year (2007–2016) records of pH of PM2.5 at six eastern Canadian sites were calculated using the E-AIM II model with the input of gaseous NH3, gaseous HNO3 and major water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 provided by Canada's National Air Pollution Surveillance (NAPS) Program. Clear seasonal cycles of aerosol pH were found with lower pH (~2) in summer and higher pH (~3) in winter consistently across all six sites, while the day-to-day variations of aerosol pH were higher in winter compared to summer. Tests of the sensitivity of aerosol pH to meteorological parameters demonstrate that the changes in ambient temperature largely drive the seasonal cycle of aerosol pH. The sensitivity of pH to chemical composition shows that pH has different responses to the changes in chemical composition in different seasons. During summertime, aerosol pH was mainly determined by temperature with limited impact from changes in NHx or sulfate concentrations. However, in wintertime, both meteorological parameters and chemical composition contribute to the variations in aerosol pH, resulting in the larger variation during wintertime. This study reveals that the sensitivity of aerosol pH to chemical composition is distinctly different under different meteorological conditions and needs to be carefully examined for any particular region.

scholarly journals Seasonal Phytochemical Variation and Antifungal Evaluation of Different Parts of Epidendrum Mosenii

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300
Author(s):  
Patrícia Walter Rosa ◽  
Marina Da Silva Machado ◽  
Rivaldo Niero ◽  
Susana Zacchino ◽  
Maria De Los Ángeles Gette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Variation ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Microbiological Properties

Epidendrum mosenii is a Brazilian medicinal plant, traditionally used to treat infections and pains. This study reports on the chemical composition and microbiological properties of different parts and in different seasons of this plant. Results demonstrate that 4,3′,5′-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-dihydrostilbene (1), 4,5-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-dihydrostilbene (2) and pholidotin (3) were mainly present in the roots in all seasons, and the yield of mass extract increased their recovery in other parts, such as the stem and leaves for compounds (2) and (3), in summer and winter, respectively. The antifungal results indicate that compounds (1) and (2) have interesting activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, Microsporum gypseum, Trychophyton rubrum and Trychophyton mentagrophytes with MIC values between 62.5 and 125 μg/mL. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the antifungal properties of E. mosenii are related, at least in part, to the presence of dihydrostilbenes 1 and 2, and this is useful for quality control of phytopreparations based on this plant, justifying the popular use of this plant to treat infections.

scholarly journals Litterfall in a Scots Pine Forest on Inland Dunes in Central Europe: Mass, Seasonal Dynamics and Chemistry

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Jasińska ◽  
Piotr Sewerniak ◽  
Radosław Puchałka
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Scots Pine Forest ◽  
North And South ◽  
Inland Dunes ◽  
Litterfall Properties ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Extensive areas of inland dunes are commonly overplanted with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). However, thus far the pine litterfall has not been investigated in detail in Scots pine stands overgrowing the landforms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the mass and chemical composition of litterfall in a dune Scots pine forest, paying special attention to the differences in the properties of the particular categories of litterfall (needles, twigs, bark, cones, residue) occurring in different seasons. The secondary goal of the research was to investigate the possible effect of contrasting slope aspect on litterfall properties. Litterfall was examined for three years on a north- and south-facing dune slope using the litter trap method. The mass and chemical composition (C, N, P, K, Mg, Mn, Ca, Fe, Al) of each litterfall category was analysed. Average annual mass of litterfall ranged from 322.0 ± 2.6 (slope N) to 361.9 ± 34.2 (slope S) g m−2 year−1. Fluctuations in the annual concentrations of N, P, K and Mg were determined, which was the result of their gradual withdrawal from needles before they were dropped in autumn. Immobile or poorly mobile elements (i.e., Mn, Ca, Fe and Al) were found to be steadily accumulated during the year in fallen tissues. The studied elements can be set in the following order as regards the annual pools which return to a topsoil with litterfall: C > N > Ca > K > Mg > Mn > Al > P > Fe on slope N and C > Ca > N > K > Mg > Al > P > Mn > Fe on slope S. Despite the fact that the residue (seeds etc.) constitutes a much smaller part of the total litterfall mass than the needles, comparable amounts of N, P, K, Al and Fe return to a topsoil with both these categories. The only element for which we determined differences in concentrations regarding slope aspect was Mn: the concentrations were significantly higher for needles, twigs, bark and cones on the N than the S slope.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Chemical Composition of Valeriana parviflora Essential Oils Collected in the Venezuelan Andes in two Different Seasons

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000
Author(s):  
Sammy Fernández ◽  
María Rondón ◽  
Janne Rojas ◽  
Antonio Morales ◽  
Luis Rojas-Fermin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Isovaleric Acid ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Main Components

The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Valeriana parviflora (Trevir) BM Vadillo, an endemic species of the Venezuelan Andes, collected from the same location in two different seasons (dry and rainy) of the year, were analyzed by GC/MS. The essential oil obtained during the dry season showed linalool (11.9%), eugenol (8.9%), p-menth-1-en-9-al (8.7%) and α-terpineol (7.7%) as main components, while the oil obtained from the rainy season collection showed o-xylol (16.2%), 3-methyl isovaleric acid (10.6%) and geranial (9.5%) as major compounds. Some of the differences in the composition of these oils might be due to the climatic conditions at the time of harvesting.

Changes in release level of momilactone B into the environment from rice throughout its life cycle

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi ◽  
Takeshi Ino ◽  
Masahiko Ichii
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Flowering Initiation ◽  
Single Rice ◽  
Germination And Growth

Momilactone B was released into the neighboring environment from rice throughout its life cycle. The rate of momilactone B release from rice increased until flowering initiation, and then decreased. The release rate of momilactone B at the day of flowering started was 2.1 μg plant–1 d–1. On average, a single rice plant released about 100 μg of momilactone B into the neighboring environment over its life cycle. Since momilactone B is a growth inhibitor, these results suggest that momilactone B released from rice plants may serve as an allelochemical to inhibit the germination and growth of neighboring plants.

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