scholarly journals Characteristics of Rooting and Leaf Emergence Rate, Early Growth and Heading Date of Rice Seedlings with Different Plant Age in Leaf Number.

1995 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori YAMAMOTO ◽  
Akihiko IKEJIRI ◽  
Youji NITTA
Keyword(s):  
Heading Date ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Emergence Rate

Leaf development in two-row spring barley under long-day and short-day field conditions

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Paynter ◽  
P. E. Juskiw ◽  
J. H. Helm
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Short Days

To gain an understanding of the adaptation of Australian and Canadian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars to the environments of western Canada and Western Australia, phyllochron and number of leaves on the mainstem in eight cultivars of two-row, spring barley were examined when sown at two dates in two locations. The locations were a short-day environment at Northam, Western Australia, Australia in 1997 and a long-day environment at Lacombe, Alberta, Canada in 1998. At each location highly significant relationships between leaf number on the mainstem and thermal time were found (r2 > 0.94). Using linear estimates, the phyllochron of barley under short days was longer than under long days and was correlated to time to awn emergence. Later sowing shortened phyllochron under short days, but generally not under long days. Error messages from the linear regression analysis suggested that residuals were not random for all cultivars. Bilinear models were fitted to those datasets. Bilineal responses were observed under both short and long days, being independent of cultivar, date of seeding, final leaf number, phenological development pattern and time to awn emergence. The occurrence of a bilinear response was also independent of any ontogenetic events. The change in phyllochron occurred between leaves 4–7 at Northam and between leaves 6–9 at Lacombe. The leaf number at which the phyllochron change occurred was positively related to final leaf number and time to awn emergence. The phyllochron of early forming leaves was positively related to time to awn emergence and shorter than later forming leaves. Leaf emergence patterns in spring barley under both long-day and short-day conditions may therefore be linear or bilinear. Key words: barley (spring), Hordeum vulgare L., phyllochron, leaf emergence, daylength

Physiological enhancement of early growth of rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) by production of phytohormone of N2-fixing methylotrophic isolates

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung Seok Lee ◽  
Munusamy Madhaiyan ◽  
Chung Woo Kim ◽  
Seung Ju Choi ◽  
Keun Yook Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Rice Seedlings

Allelic variance at the vernalization gene locus Vrn-D1 in a group of sister wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines and its effects on development

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. WANG ◽  
J. S. NIU ◽  
Q. Y. LI ◽  
Z. QIN ◽  
Y. J. NI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Differentiation Process ◽  
Freezing Resistance ◽  
Developmental Traits

SUMMARYThree groups of genes, Vrn, Ppd and Eps, control life-cycle duration in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The duration of a developmental phase between two stages is important for freezing resistance, heading time, anthesis and ripening date as well as yield component generation. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of Vrn-D1 on wheat development. The vernalization genes Vrn-A1, -B1, -D1, -B3, photoperiod gene Ppd-1 and candidate genes Mot1 and FtsH4 for Eps in ‘G883’, ‘Pumai 9’ and their offspring, a group of sister lines (SLs) derived from an advanced generation, were genotyped using specific molecular markers. All detected loci were the same in the SLs and their parents except the Vrn-D1 locus. Three developmental traits, spike differentiation process, heading date and final leaf number on the main stem, were characterized in three sowing date treatments in the field. When temperatures increased, cultivars/lines carrying the dominant Vrn-D1 gene entered each spike differentiation process faster than those with the recessive vrn-D1 in the same sowing date treatment. Lines carrying Vrn-D1 had smaller final leaf number on the main stem than those with vrn-D1, and the heading dates of the former were earlier than those of the latter, especially in the fourth treatment, sown on 23 February 2012. These data suggest that Vrn-D1 confers a spring habit on wheat and the vrn-D1 confers a cold, hardy winter habit. The Vrn-D1 alleles play very important roles in semi-winter and tender spring wheat cultivars, especially in warm weather in Henan, China. Regulating developmental traits by tracing Vrn-D1 and getting an ideal combination of Vrn alleles to accommodate different wheat zones is a key role for future wheat molecular breeding.

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen on development and growth of the leaves of vegetables. 1. Appearance, expansion growth and life span of leaves of Brussels sprouts plants

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-232
Author(s):  
H. Biemond ◽  
J. Vos ◽  
P.C. Struik
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
N Application ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
N Application Rate ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Leaf Expansion Rate ◽  
Green Leaf Area

In greenhouse pot trials, Brussels sprouts cv. Icarus SG2004 plants were supplied with various amounts of N at different stages during growth. The rate of leaf emergence ranged from 0.39 to 0.72 per day and was significantly increased by increasing N application rate. Leaf expansion rate and mature leaf area increased with leaf number, reaching maximum values between leaf number 10 and 20 and decreasing subsequently. Plants receiving more N had a higher total green leaf area per plant, due to more and larger green leaves. Specific leaf area of all leaves declined gradually from 130-230 cmsuperscript 2/g (depending on experiment) at about 30 days after planting to 60 cmsuperscript 2/g at the end of the experiments and was usually significantly increased by increasing N application rate.

scholarly journals Germination and Early Growth Assessment ofTamarindus indica Lin Sokoto State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abubakar Gwaram Bello ◽  
Zubairu Yakubu Gada
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Poultry Droppings ◽  
Growth Assessment ◽  
Study Species

Germination and early growth assessment ofTamarindus indica L. were conducted to determine the suitable medium for germination and seedlings establishment of the species in Sokoto State, Nigeria. The viable seeds of the study species were treated with Conc. H2SO4for 30 minutes and boiling water for one hour and by soaking in water at room temperature for 12 hours. The treated seeds were placed in Petri dishes containing filter paper for germination assessment. The results indicated 68–95% germination ofT. indicaseeds within 3–19 days. Conc. H2SO4treatment gave the highest germination percentage of 95%.T. indicaseeds were treated with Conc. H2SO4for 30 minutes and sown into four (4) different potting mixtures for early growth assessment. Collar diameter, seedlings height, and leaf number were the parameters measured. Seedlings grown in the mixture of river sand and cow dung (2 : 1) had the highest seedlings height and leaf number, while the highest collar diameter was obtained from seedlings grown in the mixture of river sand and poultry droppings (2 : 1). However, growingT. indicain the mixture of river sand and cow dung (2 : 1) after 30 minutes pretreatment was recommended.

Effect of Intensity and Timing of Defoliation on Growth, Yield Components and Grain Yield in Maize

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
N'Guettia R. Yao ◽  
Kabrah Yeboua ◽  
Angbonou Kafrouma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Ear Development ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Emergence Rate

SummaryEarly season defoliation of maize significantly reduced plant height and leaf area index but leaf number and leaf emergence rate were not affected. Ear development was significantly affected by both early and late season defoliation although tassel development was barely influenced. Silk growth was the phase of ear development most sensitive to defoliation. Early season defoliation significantly reduced all yield components, leading to yield losses ranging from 54 to 100%. The position of the leaves which were removed had an important effect on the final grain yield. Harvest index was affected by both the intensity and timing of defoliation.

Absorption, Translocation, and Toxicity of Glyphosate and Oxyfluorfen in Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 923-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welington Pereira ◽  
Garvin Crabtree
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Early Growth Stage ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Successful Control

The potential for yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL. var.leptostachyusBoeck. # CYPES) regrowth was reduced by increasing plant age and by glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene]. Of the amount of glyphosate transported to underground parts, most was found in the tubers, with immature rhizomes, roots, and tubers having 2 to 3 times higher concentrations than comparable mature tissues. Addition of unlabeled oxyfluorfen as a tank mixture with glyphosate increased absorption and translocation, mainly into leaves and new tubers, of radioactivity from14C-glyphosate in 30-day-old plants. In contrast to the younger plants, the addition of oxyfluorfen decreased14C-glyphosate detected in 60-day-old plants. The greater effectiveness of glyphosate when applied with oxyfluorfen on yellow nutsedge at the early growth stage has important implications in the field because the tuberization process must be stopped early in the development of the plant for successful control.

scholarly journals Development of rice seedlings grown from pre-hydrated seeds and irradiated with gamma rays

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1093-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Scheer da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Danielowski ◽  
Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga ◽  
Sidnei Deuner ◽  
Ariano Martins de Magalhães Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Co60 Gamma

Techniques used to induce mutations, such as ionizing radiation, are an effective tool in increasing genetic variability in breeding programs of species of economic interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of Co60 gamma radiation on previously soaked seeds on the emergence and early growth of seedlings of two rice cultivars. To do this, seeds (25% moisture) of BRS Querência and BRS Fronteira were irradiated with zero (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy, and then sown in trays containing soil and kept in a greenhouse. The results showed that gamma radiation affected seedling development, where the highest dose tested (200 Gy) significantly reduced the emergence and the index of emergence speed. Growth parameters were reduced greater reduction in cv. BRS Querência. For antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase expressed little variation for the periods evaluated. Already ascorbate peroxidase and catalase showed a significant increase in horsepower cv. BRS Fronteira at 14 DAS, followed by an increase in both cultivars ascorbate peroxidase activity at 28 DAS. The highest antioxidant capacity observed in cv. BRS Fronteira conferred greater tolerance to stress caused by gamma radiation.

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