scholarly journals Development of rice seedlings grown from pre-hydrated seeds and irradiated with gamma rays

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1093-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Scheer da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Danielowski ◽  
Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga ◽  
Sidnei Deuner ◽  
Ariano Martins de Magalhães Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Co60 Gamma

Techniques used to induce mutations, such as ionizing radiation, are an effective tool in increasing genetic variability in breeding programs of species of economic interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of Co60 gamma radiation on previously soaked seeds on the emergence and early growth of seedlings of two rice cultivars. To do this, seeds (25% moisture) of BRS Querência and BRS Fronteira were irradiated with zero (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy, and then sown in trays containing soil and kept in a greenhouse. The results showed that gamma radiation affected seedling development, where the highest dose tested (200 Gy) significantly reduced the emergence and the index of emergence speed. Growth parameters were reduced greater reduction in cv. BRS Querência. For antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase expressed little variation for the periods evaluated. Already ascorbate peroxidase and catalase showed a significant increase in horsepower cv. BRS Fronteira at 14 DAS, followed by an increase in both cultivars ascorbate peroxidase activity at 28 DAS. The highest antioxidant capacity observed in cv. BRS Fronteira conferred greater tolerance to stress caused by gamma radiation.

scholarly journals The effect of CO60 on the physical and physicochemical properties of rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ívina Catarina de Oliveira Guimarães ◽  
Joelma Pereira ◽  
Vanda Maria de Oliveira Cornélio ◽  
Luís Roberto Batista ◽  
Eric Batista Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Caloric Value ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Radiation Conditions ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Co60 Gamma

Owing to its chemical composition and production chain, rice is susceptible to contamination by fungi. Among other techniques, the application of gamma radiation has been suggested as a method to ensure food safety. However, such radiation can alter the chemical composition of the food. Thus, the objective of the present work is to evaluate the centesimal composition, caloric value, pH, total titratable acidity, and coloration of polished white rice subjected to different doses of Co60 gamma radiation (0 kGy, 6.5 kGy, and 7.5 kGy). The results demonstrated that while gamma radiation did not cause significant alterations in the centesimal composition, caloric value, and titratable acidity of the rice, increasing doses substantially decreased the pH and intensified the coloration. Under controlled radiation conditions, a 6.5-kGy dose can render rice safe for consumption without significantly compromising its physical and physicochemical properties.

scholarly journals IV. Effect of 60Co gamma rays on survival rate of China aster plants (Callistephus chinensis Nees) in M1 generations - under field conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
A. Wosińska
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Variety Effect ◽  
China Aster ◽  
Different Doses

Studies were undertaken on the effect of different doses of gamma radiation on survival rate of plants (germinated from irradiated seeds) for 5 China aster varieties specified at florescence time. During their growth under field conditions (from planting time to blooming) lethal effect of the radiation occurred in plants of all varieties and its level depended on dose and variety. Effect of 3 kR and 6 kR doses differed depending on variety and was not always harmful, but following irradiation with doses exceeding 6 kR a considerable decrease in survival rate was observed. Radioresistance of studied varieties - measured both: by LD<sub>50</sub> and LD<sub>l00</sub> - differed; depending on variety, LD<sub>50 </sub>and LD<sub>l00</sub> values fluctuated: from 6 to 9 kR and 12 to 15 kR respectively.

scholarly journals Gamma Radiation (60Co) Exposure and Application of Antagonists for the Suppression of Root Rot Diseases in Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) and Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek)

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dawar ◽  
M.J. Zaki ◽  
N. Ikram ◽  
M. Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Helianthus Annus

An experiment was carried out for the control of root rot fungi such as Fusarium spp., Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) and Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek). Seeds were treated with gamma radiation (60Co) for 0, 2, 8 and 16 minutes intervals and soil was drenched with different antagonists such as Trichoderma harzianum Rifai, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula and Rhizobium meliloti Dangeard. All the antagonists significantly increased germination percentage, shoot length, root length, shoot weight, root weight, leaf area and showed complete suppression of M. phaseolina and R. solani observed in mung bean and sunflower. In both crops, mostly growth parameters increased as the exposure of gamma rays increased whereas in some cases it decreased. P. aeruginosa and R. meliloti were observed to be satisfactory biocontrol agents followed by T. harzianum whereas all exposure time of irradiation of gamma rays (60Co) to seeds of mung bean and sunflower were found to be best.DOI: 10.3126/on.v8i1.4309

scholarly journals Spectrum and Frequency of Mutations Induced by Gamma Radiations in Three Varieties of Nigerian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Muhammad Liman MUHAMMAD ◽  
Ahmed Olamide FALUSI ◽  
Matthew Omoniyi ADEBOLA ◽  
Onyedi David OYEDUM ◽  
Aishatu Adamu GADO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Leaf Axil ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Gamma Radiations ◽  
Different Doses

Insufficient genetic variability is one of the major problems of plant breeding programmes, especially in sesame. Gamma radiation has been reported to be very effective in creating genetic variability in plants. Three varieties of Nigerian sesame were assessed for spectrum and frequency of mutation induced by Gamma radiations in M1 and M2 generations. The varieties (NCRIBEN-04E, NCRIBEN-01M and NCRIBEN-03L) were treated with four different doses of gamma rays (250, 350, 450 and 550 Gy). The treated and untreated seeds (control) were sown in planting bags (under field condition) to raise M1 plants. Four treatments: V1D5, V2D3, V3D2 and V3D4 (from M1 plants) were selected and bulked to obtain M2 populations. The results of M1 revealed four mutant fruit traits: multicarpellate capsule, multiple capsule per leaf axil, indehiscent capsule and terminal capsules. The highest frequencies of the traits in M1 generation were 2.50×10-2, 9.17×10-2, 1.67×10-2and3.33×10-2 respectively. The highest branching (7) was from NCRIBEN-01M, while the least (2) was from NCRIBEN-04E. The M2 plants were grouped into eight M2 lines. The dose range (250-550 Gy) was proved to be effective in inducing viable mutations in sesame.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study to Alleviate Arsenite Accumulation in Hydroponically Grown Oryza sativa Seedlings Through Combinations of Se, P and Fe

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Shekhar Mallick ◽  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Ruma Ranjan ◽  
Ambedkar Gautam ◽  
Sarita Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Hydroponically Grown ◽  
H2o2 Level ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

In the present study, the nine cultivars namely NDR-3112, Swarn Sub-2, Pusa-sugandha, IPB-1, Pant-4, Pant-10, Jalnidhi, Ushar-3 and Mashina Research-2 were screened to select the As tolerant cultivar. Based on accumulation and growth parameters, the tolerant cultivar (cv. Pant 10) of rice was selected for further experiments. Rice cv. Pant 10 was treated with i) As, ii) As+Fe, iii) As+Se, iv) As+Se+P and v) As+P under hydroponic condition for 8d. The application (μg ml-1) of Fe(100) to As(4) and Se(4)+P(6) to As(4), significantly (89% and 73%, respectively) reduced the uptake of As to the shoot without affecting the growth of seedlings. However, increasing the level of P (3 and 6 μg ml-1) alone in As(III) (4 μg ml-1) treatments significantly increased the As accumulation in the shoot, coincided with the decreased growth of rice seedlings. Treatment of As+Fe showed a non-significant reduction in growth relative to As alone, whereas, the seedlings exhibited the higher MDA and H2O2 level at 100 μg ml-1 concentration of Fe. In comparison to Se and P combinations, the Fe was found to be more efficient to significantly reduce the As accumulation. Among all the antioxidants, the activity of SOD and APX was significantly enhanced with the As+Fe(50) at both 4 and 8 days of treatments against As(4). Overall results demonstrate that the application of Fe was more efficient to reduce the uptake of As than Se and P in the rice seedlings.

scholarly journals Avaliação do crescimento inicial de Jatropha curcas L. sob diferentes doses de fósforo aplicados na base

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejanne Lima Arruda ◽  
Poliana Alves de Queiroz ◽  
Neumárcio Vilanova da Costa ◽  
Althiéris de Souza Saraiva ◽  
Eduardo Andrea Lemus Erasmo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Doses

This study aimed to analyze the influence of different doses of phosphorus (P2O5) applied at the base on the initial growth of Jatropha curcas L. The experimental randomized blocks design was used with four replications. The treatments consisted of the following doses of phosphorus fertilization: 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g plant-1 of P2O5 at 36, 60, 71, 85, 106, 140, 177, 199, 235 and 263 days after seedlings transplanting. Growth parameters evaluated were as follows: plant height, stem diameter, number of primary and secondary branches, number of inflorescences, fruits number, leaf area and seed yield. The P2O5 levels influenced the early growth of the plants. For most of the evaluated characteristics (plant height, number of primary branches, inflorescences, number of fruits), a dose of 150 g plant-1 was the one that promoted greater increase to 140 DAT. Due to the high genetic variability among plants, and the fact that scientists in the field of genetic improvement are working for the development of cultivars with desirable agronomic characteristics, it is necessary to conduct further studies with phosphate fertilizer for the cultivation of Jatropha.

RADIOSENSITIVITY OF SOFT WHEAT SEEDS TO GAMMA RADIATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2 (255)) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Liya A. Minasbekyan ◽  
Inesa A. Avagyan
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The study of the effect of different doses of $\gamma$-irradiation on the growth and development of seedlings of soft wheat seeds, resistance, and germination of seeds to irradiation has been carried out. The data show that the seeds of common wheat are resistant to ionizing radiation and up to 80% of the seeds remained viable. Under the influence of ionizing radiation, the functional and mitotic activity of the cell nucleus is disrupted, which has a significant effect on the growth parameters of the seedlings of irradiated seeds.

scholarly journals Gamma radiation to produce soybean mutants for better plant performance and chemical composition of seeds

2019 ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
Danúbia Aparecida Costa Nobre ◽  
Carlos Sigueyuki Sediyama ◽  
Willian Rodrigues Macedo ◽  
Newton Deniz Piovesan ◽  
Valter Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
High Genetic Variability ◽  
60Co Source ◽  
Consequent Increase

The supply the constant demand for new soybean cultivar, it is necessary to select superior plants in populations of high genetic variability. To generate new plant variants which would perform satisfactorily in the field and produce seeds of better composition, gamma rays can be used. Therefore, soybean seeds from line VX04-6828 were irradiated in a 60Co source (gamma rays) in doses: 0 (control); 50; 150 and 250 Gy, and were seeded to produce the M1 generation. Potential plants of each row were identified and evaluated for their agronomic performance. The seeds of the selected plants were sown, producing the plants of M2 generation and again selected and evaluated, including the chemical composition of their seeds. It was concluded that the use of gamma radiation increases the variability in soybean, with consequent increase in the probabilities of identification of new mutants, useful to breeding programs that aim at better agronomic performance and gains in the composition of the seeds. Better results are observed when 50 to 150 Gy is applied on soybean dry seeds.

scholarly journals Effect of different doses of gamma radiation on growth parameters of Mulberry (Morus) variety Kosen

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
H. L. Ramesh ◽  
V. N. Yogananda Murthy ◽  
Munirajappa Munirajappa
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Gamma Radiations ◽  
Different Doses

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different doses of gamma radiations(1kR-10kR from co60)on different growth parameters of mulberry variety Kosen.Overall results revealed that a declined trend in all the growth parameters i.e. sprouting (83.66%-18.66%), rooting (77.96%-19.59%), height of the plant (105.00 cm-58.03 cm), number of the branches (7.73-4.23), intermodal distance (3.76 cm-3.94 cm), petiole length (2.89 cm-2.59 cm) and pollen fertility (77.93%-40.66%) were recorded and showed a deleterious effect. But the response of growth parameters against different doses showed variant behaviour in case of rooting as constant declined trend was not observed. Similarly fluctuating state has been found in other growth parameters also.

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