Import/Export: Housework in an International Frame

PMLA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Parvulescu
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Women's Work ◽  
Private Sphere ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Eastern And Western Europe

A close reading of Ulrich Seidl's Import Export (2007), a film on labor migration between eastern and western Europe, provides an international frame for revisiting the second-wave feminist debate on housework. In the last two decades, “women's work” has been outsourced transnationally on a large scale, leading to the emergence of an international private sphere inhabited by a new housewife figure. The feminist housework debate of the 1970s supplies the groundwork for a critique of autonomist neo-Marxism that foregrounds the role of language, translation, and visual gesture in the contemporary import/export of labor.

The Role of Social Workers, Psychologists and Psychiatrists in Eastern and Western Europe: (What) Can We Learn From Each Other?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda Rutenfrans-Stupar ◽  
Snezana Stupar-Rutenfrans ◽  
Anna Fokke ◽  
Paulina Pikulinski
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Eastern And Western Europe

scholarly journals Not for Sale, but for Own Need”: Trade of the Volhynian Gentry in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Second Half of the 16th — First Half of the 17th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Ihor Huliuk
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
Traded Goods ◽  
Classical Economic ◽  
Economic Nature ◽  
Eastern And Western Europe ◽  
General Criticism

The article analyzes socioeconomic processes in the early modern Europe, in particular trade in its separate regions. It considers the classical economic model focused on the industry and agriculture, which Eastern and Western Europe followed in their multifaceted development. It studies legislation, namely the Second Lithuanian Statute and the Sejm Constitutions for assessing the involvement of gentry representatives in commerce. It indicates that the activity of the Volhynian gentry in the internal trade of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was due to both external changes in the market, primarily the demand for products from Eastern Europe, and the tendency observed on the continent when running a household became a business that made incomes grow. It analyzes general criticism in the intellectual circles of the trade activity of the gentry as such, which could lead to a certain deterioration of traditions. Man-knight and man-merchant intersections in the society of that time were acceptable if a nobleman traded goods from his own estates and could prove it with an oath.The article also investigates key areas of trade of the Volhynian gentry in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on the basis of documentary material of court books of the 16th–17th-century Volhynia and previously published sources of economic nature. It studies main range of goods sold and bought by the representatives of the elite, observes the participation of the Volhynian gentry in trade operations with the core centers of the Polish-Lithuanian economy, and their involvement in local fairs and tradings. It shows the role of intermediaries, first of all representatives of the Jewish community and peasants from the gentry fоlwarks, in the trade enterprise of the gentry.

The Reichsschulen and the Napolas’ Germanizing Mission in Eastern and Western Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 288-311
Author(s):  
Helen Roche
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
World War ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ethnic Germans ◽  
Heinrich Himmler ◽  
Eastern And Western Europe

Heinrich Himmler, August Heißmeyer, and the NPEA Inspectorate were eager to create a transnational empire of Napolas and ‘Reichsschulen’ in all of the territories occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II. These schools both mirrored and contributed to broader National Socialist occupation and Germanization policies throughout Eastern and Western Europe. They were intended to create a cadre of ‘Germanic’ or ‘Germanizable’ leaders, loyal above all to the SS. The chapter begins by exploring the genesis of the Reichsschulen in the occupied Netherlands—Valkenburg and Heythuysen—which were adopted as a ‘Germanic’ prestige project by the Reich Commissioner of the Netherlands, Arthur Seyß-Inquart. The chapter then turns eastwards to consider the role of the Napolas which were established in the conquered Czech and Polish lands, focusing on NPEA Sudetenland in Ploschkowitz (Ploskowice), NPEA Wartheland in Reisen (Rydzyna), and NPEA Loben (Lubliniec). All in all, the Napola selection process in the occupied Eastern territories can be seen as the peak of all the ‘racial sieving’ processes which the Nazi state forced ‘ethnic Germans’ (Volksdeutsche), Czechs, and Poles to undergo, inextricably bound up with the Third Reich’s wider race, resettlement, and extermination policies. The ultimate aim of all of these schools was to mingle Reich German and ‘ethnic German’ or ‘Germanic’ pupils, educating the two groups alongside each other, in order to create a unified cohort of leaders for the future Nazi empire, and to reclaim valuable ‘Germanic blood’ for the Reich.

Applied linguistics in Europe

AILA Review ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Kees de Bot
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Languages In Contact ◽  
The North ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Eu

In this contribution developments in Applied Linguistics in Europe are linked to major social changes that have taken place over the last decades. These include: The decline of the USSR and the end of the cold war; The development of the EEC and the EU and fading of borders; The economic growth of Western Europe; Labor migration from the south to the north of Europe; The emergence of regionalism. All of these developments have shaped the role of languages in society and they have sparked research on linguistic aspects related to the languages in contact due to these developments.

scholarly journals Black Work, Green Money: Remittances, Ritual, and Domestic Economies in Southern Kyrgyzstan

Slavic Review ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Migrant Families ◽  
Migrant Work ◽  
Seasonal Labor ◽  
Domestic Economies

Drawing on ethnographic and survey data, Madeleine Reeves explores the meanings and impact of large-scale seasonal labor migration to Russia on a group of four kin-related villages in southern Kyrgyzstan. Although remittances have come to figure centrally in domestic budgets of migrant families, it is to questions of political economy that we must turn to understand the shift away from small-scale farming toward migrant work. Reeves examines a range of factors mediating decisions to migrate, including the role of social networks and sibling hierarchies; the emergence of growing economic differentials between migrant and nonmigrant households, and the growing importance for young men of a period of work “in town” (shaarda) in proving their eligibility for marriage. Although patterns of economic activity in southern Kyrgyzstan have changed dramatically in recent years, Reeves argues that new forms of engagement in distant labor markets are also being used to sustain patterns of ritual gifting and expressions of ethnic and religious identity that are imagined and articulated precisely as expressions of social continuity.

scholarly journals The role of human factor and HRM practices in Mncs’ performance in Eastern and Western Europe – a comparative analysis of the research findings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Stor ◽  
Łukasz Haromszeki
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Competitive Factor ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Eastern And Western Europe

The main goal of the paper is to identify, analyze, and compare the relationships between the activities in the field of HRM and performance results of MNCs in Eastern and Western Europe with a view to the value ascribed to human resources as a strategic competitive factor, HRM centralization practices and the importance of HRM knowledge flows between the headquarters (HQ) and their subsidiaries. The research sample covered 200 HQs of MNCs and their local subsidiaries. The empirical research results show that there are some identifiable and statistically significant differences between MNCs operating in Eastern and Western Europe within the range of relationships defined above. Our study, therefore,represents an original effort at examining these relationships.

Horse, Wheel, and Saddle

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-191
Author(s):  
Barton C. Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Horse Riding ◽  
Military Revolutions ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Military Revolution ◽  
The Military

Military revolutions are a normal consequence of the central role of military institutions in complex societies. They have everywhere occurred regularly, if infrequently; they are scarcely limited to Western Europe, or even to the modern world. This essay discusses recent writings on two military revolutions in the ancient world, both centered on the military horse: first, its domestication and its role in pulling war chariots; second, the transition from horse driving to horse riding in battle. The chariot revolution of the second millennium BC profoundly reshaped warfare and transformed polities all across Eurasia. The cavalry revolution of the first millennium BC proved equally transformative and far longer lasting. Despite the controversy that has come to surround the concept of military revolution, it may still be fruitfully applied to important aspects of the large-scale historical interactions between societies and their armed forces.

scholarly journals Past long-term summer warming over western Europe in new generation climate models: role of large-scale atmospheric circulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 084038
Author(s):  
Julien Boé ◽  
Laurent Terray ◽  
Marie-Pierre Moine ◽  
Sophie Valcke ◽  
Alessio Bellucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Summer Warming ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Large Scale Atmospheric Circulation

scholarly journals African Swine Fever in Wild Boar (Poland 2020): Passive and Active Surveillance Analysis and Further Perspectives

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Maciej Piotr Frant ◽  
Anna Gal-Cisoń ◽  
Łukasz Bocian ◽  
Anna Ziętek-Barszcz ◽  
Krzysztof Niemczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Wild Boar Population ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Surveillance Analysis ◽  
Eastern And Western Europe

African swine fever (ASF) is a fatal hemorrhagic disease of wild boar and domestic pigs which has been present in Poland since 2014. By 2020, the ASF virus (ASFV) spread across Central, Eastern and Western Europe (including Germany), and Asian countries (including China, Vietnam, and South Korea). The national ASF eradication and prevention program includes continuous passive (wild boar found dead and road-killed wild boar) and active (hunted wild boar) surveillance. The main goal of this study was to analyze the dynamic of the spread of ASF in the wild boar population across the territory of Poland in 2020. In that year in Poland, in total 6191 ASF-positive wild boar were declared. Most of them were confirmed in a group of animals found dead. The conducted statistical analysis indicates that the highest chance of obtaining an ASF-positive result in wild boar was during the winter months, from January to March, and in December 2020. Despite the biosecurity measures implemented by holdings of domestic pigs, the disease also occurred in 109 pig farms. The role of ASF surveillance in the wild boar population is crucial to apply more effective and tailored measures of disease control and eradication. The most essential measures to maintain sustainable production of domestic pigs in Poland include effective management of the wild boar population, along with strict implementation of biosecurity measures by domestic pig producers.

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