scholarly journals A new Ediacaran fossil with a novel sediment displacive life habit

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary L. Droser ◽  
James G. Gehling ◽  
Mary E. Dzaugis ◽  
Martin J. Kennedy ◽  
Dennis Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Central Area ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Life Habit ◽  
Branching Structures ◽  
Ediacara Biota

Nilpenia rossinew genus new species, described here from the Ediacara Member (Rawnsley Quartzite, South Australia), provides evidence of a Precambrian macroscopic sessile sediment-dweller.Nilpenia, ranging up to 30 cm in diameter, consists of two zones, a complex central area surrounded by radiating, dichotomously branching structures that decrease in diameter from the center to the outer edges. Other elements of the Ediacara Biota are interpreted to have been mat-encrusters butNilpeniauniquely grew within the upper millimeters of the actual sediment displacing sediment with growth. This sediment surface was rippled and cohesive and may well have included an endobenthic mat. The branching network on the upper surface of the organisms would have been in contact with the water. The phylogenetic relationships of the Ediacara biota are not well constrained andNilpeniais no exception. However, the morphology and ecology ofNilpeniarepresent a novel growth strategy present in the Ediacaran and not common today.

scholarly journals ORBITOLINA DAVIESI HOFKER, 1966: A FORGOTTEN ORBITOLINIDAE FROM THE THANETIAN OF PAKISTAN AND ITS TAXONOMIC STATUS

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
FELIX SCHLAGINTWEIT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Linear Arrangement ◽  
Radial Zone

Orbitolina daviesi Hofker, 1966 (family Orbitolinidae) was validly described and thoroughly illustrated from Thanetian limestones of Pakistan. Although its attribution to the genus Orbitolina d’Orbigny and any phylogenetic relationships with the Cretaceous taxa have been refuted shortly afterwards, the species has not been taxonomically revised since then. Karsella hottingeri Sirel, 1999 was established as new genus and new species from the Thanetian of Turkey, without taking into account J. Hofker’s publication. The original description and genus diagnosis of Karsella has meanwhile been emended to include the occurrence of a radial zone with septula that follow a zig-zag pattern and associated linear arrangement of the foramina, as well as a complex embryo. Orbitolina daviesi clearly displays these features and is here considered a species of the genus Karsella Sirel. Karsella hottingeri is regarded as a subjective junior synonym of O. daviesi Hofker and therefore, the only species of the genus is given as a new combination: Karsella daviesi (Hofker). From a suprageneric viewpoint, the two Paleogene genera Karsella Sirel and Cushmania Silvestri display a complex embryo and might belong to a new subfamily of the Orbitolinidae, phylogenetically different and unrelated to the lower-mid Cretaceous Orbitolininae.

Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of reproductive modes within flattened syllids (Annelida : Syllidae) with the description of a new genus and six new species

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Álvarez-Campos ◽  
Sergio Taboada ◽  
Guillermo San Martín ◽  
Carlos Leiva ◽  
Ana Riesgo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Reproductive Modes ◽  
Taxonomic Descriptions ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Material ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses

Syllid annelids from the so-called ‘ribbon clade’ are flattened, ribbon-shaped worms of the genera Parahaplosyllis Hartmann-Schröder, 1990, Eurysyllis Ehlers, 1864, Xenosyllis Marion & Bobretzky, 1875, Trypanosyllis Claparède, 1864, Ramisyllis Glasby, Schroeder & Aguado, 2012, Trypanobia Imajima & Hartman, 1964, Plakosyllis Hartmann-Schröder, 1956, Pseudosyllis Grube, 1863 and Trypanedenta Imajima & Hartman, 1964. Some species possess a remarkable reproductive strategy using multiple stolons that has been recently suggested to be ancestral to the group. Here, to evaluate the evolution of reproductive modes in the group, we assess, for the first time, the phylogenetic relationships within the ribbon clade and related genera. We collected new material of Trypanobia and Trypanosyllis from Japan, Spain, Philippines and Indonesia and sequenced it for the nuclear markers 18S rRNA and the mitochondrial markers 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase I for phylogenetic inference and also performed ancestral character reconstruction for the reproductive strategy in the entire group. Formal taxonomic descriptions of a new genus and six new species are provided. The new genus, Trypanospina, gen. nov., is characterised by the spines that cover its surface. Most genera within the ‘ribbon clade’ are monophyletic and the relationships appeared well supported in most cases. However, our phylogenetic hypotheses are not conclusive in regard to the relationships of the genera Trypanedenta and Trypanobia, nor to the status of those to genera as distinctive, since they seem to be paraphyletic and they appear in low-supported clades. In contrast, our results shed light on the evolution of the reproductive modes within the group, showing that scissiparity (development of a single stolon each time) is the ancestral character for the entire group and gemmiparity (development of more than one stolon at the same time) then appeared twice in two independent clades.

Six new species of Archimonocelididae Meixner, 1938 (Platyhelminthes, Proseriata) from the Pacific, with proposal of a new genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4965 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-528
Author(s):  
MARCO CURINI-GALLETTI ◽  
ERNEST R. SCHOCKAERT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Copulatory Organ ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Caribbean

The genus Tajikacelis n. gen. is introduced for species of Archimonocelididae (Proseriata) characterized by the lack of atrial spines in the copulatory organ and by the opening of the seminal vesicles into the prostate vesicle at its ventral side. Six new species from the Pacific Ocean are ascribed to the new genus; they may be distinguished by features of the genital systems and the morphology of their copulatory stylets. T. tajikai n. sp. (type species of the new genus) and T. macrostomoides n. sp., both from eastern Australia, have a long tubular stylet. In T. macrostomoides n. sp., the stylet is more curved, bending to 180°, and has a narrower basis compared to that of T. tajikai n. sp. In T. artoisi n. sp., from Hawai’i, and T. nematoplanoides n. sp., from South Australia, the stylet is shaped as a truncated cone, with a broad, oblique proximal opening and a very short tubular part. T. artoisi n. sp. is distinct for the much stronger thickening of the dorsal side of the stylet, and for the different shape of the proximal opening. In T. acuta n. sp. and T. truncata n. sp., from West Panama, the tubular stylet is comparatively short; the two species differ for the shape of the distal opening, produced into a sharp spike in T. acuta n. sp., and square-ended in T. truncata n. sp.. Two species previously described in the genus Archimonocelis are transferred to Tajikacelis n. gen.: T. itoi Tajika, 1981 from Japan and T. keke Martens and Curini-Galletti, 1989 from Sulawesi (Indonesia). The taxonomic position of the problematic Archimonocelis glabrodorsata Martens and Curini-Galletti, 1989 from the Caribbean is discussed. The relationships of and within the genus Tajikacelis n. gen. are discussed and compared with recent results based on DNA studies. 

Review of the phyline plant bug tribe Auricillocorini from Asia, with descriptions of a new genus and nine new species from Japan, Nepal and Thailand (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3530 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMOHIDE YASUNAGA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Photographic Images ◽  
First Time

The phyline plant bug tribe Auricillocorini from Asia is reviewed; 23 species in 6 genera are shown to occur in the Indo-Pacific. A new genus, Artchawakomius, is proposed to accommodate two undescribed, morphologically novel species from Thailand. Nine new species are described from Japanese Ryukyus, Nepal or Thailand: Artchawakomius moteus, A. pius, Cleotomiris miyamotoi, C. yamadakazi, Cleotomiroides tobii, Wygomiris kaliyahae, W. nanae, W. ramae and Zaratus hidekun. Photographic images of living individuals are provided for all new species. The female genitalic structures, which have not been employed for classification of the Auricillocorini, are described and figured for six available species. Wygomiris indochinensis Schuh, known thus far only from Laos, is found also in Thailand; the female is reported for the first time. A checklist of Auricillocorini and a discussion on phylogenetic relationships for all known genera are provided.

Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and two new species of lizards from Brazilian Amazonia, with nomenclatural comments on the taxonomy of Gymnophthalmidae (Reptilia: Squamata)

Zootaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4000 (4) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guarino R. Colli ◽  
Marinus S. Hoogmoed ◽  
David C. Cannatella ◽  
JOSÉ Cassimiro ◽  
Jerriane Oliveira Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Brazilian Amazonia ◽  
Two New Species

An apterous, possibly phragmotic new species representing a new genus and subfamily of Elipsocidae (Psocoptera) from South Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Courtenay Smithers
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
New Genus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Wood Boring

AbstractA new subfamily (YUNTAPSOCINAE, subfam. n.) is proposed for Yuntapsocus hollowayi gen. & sp. n., an apterous, cryptic and possibly phragmotic new taxon of Elipsocidae (Psocoptera) described from near Yunta, in arid South Australia. This remarkable species is known from one adult female only which was beaten from vegetation alongside a dry river bed. The unique modifications of several morphological features strongly suggest that the insect lives in a dark, confined, habitat such as a tunnel in wood or a termites' or ants' nest and may use a clunial plate to close the tunnel. Analogous morphological modifications in the only confirmed wood boring, phragmotic psocopteran, Psilopsocus mimulus Smithers, are discussed.

scholarly journals Review of the genus Agonochaetia Povolný (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae), and description of a new genus and species from the Canary Islands

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4300 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN-FRANÇOIS LANDRY ◽  
VAZRICK NAZARI ◽  
OLEKSIY BIDZILYA ◽  
PETER HUEMER ◽  
OLE KARSHOLT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
A New Species

The Holarctic genus Agonochaetia is reviewed and a new species, Agonochaetia shawinigan Landry, sp. nov. is described from Québec, Canada. In addition, a new glandiductor-bearing genus and species, Canarischema fuerteventura Karsholt, gen. nov., sp. nov. is described from the Canary Islands. Comparative diagnoses, a key to species, illustrations of external aspect, male and female genitalia are provided for all species. Most species of Agonochaetia are rarely collected and known only from their types or from very few specimens. DNA barcodes are provided for four of the species from which DNA was recovered. Analysis of DNA barcodes suggests that Agonochaetia may be paraphyletic. Phylogenetic relationships to other Gnorimoschemini genera bearing a pair of glandiductors above the phallus are discussed. 

Description of Deleyia gen. n. with a discussion of its phylogenetic relationships to the genera Daubaylia Chitwood & Chitwood, 1934 and Myolaimus Cobb, 1920 (Nematoda: Rhabditida)

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Boström ◽  
Oleksandr Holovachov
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rotting Wood ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Basal Bulb ◽  
Terrestrial Material ◽  
Cuticular Layer

AbstractThe new genus Deleyia gen. n., including two new species, D. poinari gen. n., sp. n. and D. aspiculata gen. n., sp. n., is described from terrestrial material (rotting wood and moss) in Ukraine. The new genus is inter alia characterised by the outer cuticular layer being defoliated along most of the body, except for labial region and tail posterior to phasmid, forming a cuticular sheath around the body and a vulval cuticular sac in females, and reduced stoma and basal bulb. Deleyia poinari gen. n., sp. n. is separated from D. aspiculata gen. n., sp. n. by a shorter body (L = 600-831 vs 756-945 μm), a shorter PUS (7-18 vs 44-69 μm), longer tail in both females and males (40-50 vs 32-38 μm and 37-48 vs 35 μm, respectively), and presence vs absence of spicules and gubernaculum. The phylogenetic position of Deleyia gen. n. and its relationships to the genera Daubaylia and Myolaimus are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document