Analysis of Cataract in Relationship to Occupational Radiation Dose Accounting for Dosimetric Uncertainties in a Cohort of U.S. Radiologic Technologists

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark P. Little ◽  
Ankur Patel ◽  
Nobuyuki Hamada ◽  
Paul Albert
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Radiologic Technologists ◽  
Occupational Radiation

scholarly journals Occupational radiation and haematopoietic malignancy mortality in the retrospective cohort study of US radiologic technologists, 1983–2012

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 822-831
Author(s):  
Martha S Linet ◽  
Mark P Little ◽  
Cari M Kitahara ◽  
Elizabeth K Cahoon ◽  
Michele M Doody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Radiologic Technologists ◽  
Mortality Risks ◽  
Baseline Questionnaire ◽  
Occupational Radiation

ObjectivesTo evaluate cumulative occupational radiation dose response and haematopoietic malignancy mortality risks in the US radiologic technologist cohort.MethodsAmong 110 297 radiologic technologists (83 655 women, 26 642 men) who completed a baseline questionnaire sometime during 1983–1998, a retrospective cohort study was undertaken to assess cumulative, low-to-moderate occupational radiation dose and haematopoietic malignancy mortality risks during 1983–2012. Cumulative bone marrow dose (mean 8.5 mGy, range 0–430 mGy) was estimated based on 921 134 badge monitoring measurements during 1960–1997, work histories and historical data; 35.4% of estimated doses were based on badge measurements. Poisson regression was used to estimate excess relative risk of haematopoietic cancers per 100 milligray (ERR/100 mGy) bone-marrow absorbed dose, adjusting for attained age, sex and birth year.ResultsDeaths from baseline questionnaire completion through 2012 included 133 myeloid neoplasms, 381 lymphoid neoplasms and 155 leukaemias excluding chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Based on a linear dose-response, no significant ERR/100 mGy occurred for acute myeloid leukaemia (ERR=0.0002, 95% CI <−0.02 to 0.24, p-trend>0.5, 85 cases) or leukaemia excluding CLL (ERR=0.05, 95% CI <−0.09 to 0.24, p-trend=0.21, 155 cases). No significant dose-response trends were observed overall for CLL (ERR<−0.023, 95% CI <−0.025 to 0.18, p-trend=0.45, 32 cases), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ERR=0.03, 95% CI <−0.2 to 0.18, p-trend=0.4, 201 cases) or multiple myeloma (ERR=0.003, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.16, p-trend>0.5, 112 cases). Findings did not differ significantly by demographic factors, smoking or specific radiological procedures performed.ConclusionAfter follow-up averaging 22 years, there was little evidence of a relationship between occupational radiation exposure and myeloid or lymphoid haematopoietic neoplasms.

Work practices and occupational radiation dose among radiologic technologists in South Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 4122
Author(s):  
Eun Shil Cha ◽  
Mina Ha ◽  
Seung-Sik Hwang ◽  
Kyoung-Mu Lee ◽  
Meeseon Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Radiologic Technologists ◽  
Occupational Radiation

EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION EXPOSURE IN A RADIO-DIAGNOSTIC FACILITY IN KATSINA- NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 722-729
Author(s):  
Usman Sani ◽  
Bashir Gide Muhammad ◽  
Dimas Skam Joseph ◽  
D. Z. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Skin Dose ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Short Exposure Time ◽  
Occupational Dose ◽  
Dose Limits ◽  
Radiation Workers ◽  
Occupational Radiation

Poor implementation of quality assurance programs in the radiation industry has been a major setback in our locality. Several studies revealed that occupational workers are exposed to many potential hazards of ionizing radiation during radio-diagnostic procedures, yet radiation workers are often not monitored. This study aims to evaluate the occupational exposure of the radiation workers in Federal Medical Centre Katsina, and to compare the exposure with recommended occupational radiation dose limits. The quarterly readings of 20 thermo-luminescent dosimeters (TLDs') used by the radiation workers from January to December, 2019 were collected from the facility's radiation monitoring archive, and subsequently assessed and analyzed. The results indicate that the average annual equivalent dose per occupational worker range from 0.74 to 1.20 mSv and 1.28 to 2.21 mSv for skin surface and deep skin dose, measured at 10 mm and 0.07 mm tissue depth respectively. The occupational dose was within the recommended national and international limits of 5 mSv per annum or an average of 20 mSv in 5 years. Therefore, there was no significant radiation exposure to all the occupational workers in the study area. Though, the occupational radiation dose is within recommended limit, this does not eliminate stochastic effect of radiation. The study recommended that the occupational workers should adhere and strictly comply with the principles of radiation protection which includes distance, short exposure time, shielding and proper monitoring of dose limits. Furthermore, continuous training of the radiation workers is advised.

scholarly journals A parametric study of occupational radiation dose in interventional radiology by Monte-Carlo simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdelrahman ◽  
Pasquale Lombardo ◽  
Anna Camp ◽  
Maria A. Duch ◽  
Christophe Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Occupational Radiation

Occupational radiation dose to the eye lens of physicians from departments of interventional radiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 106276
Author(s):  
Meng-En Lian ◽  
Yuan-Hsiung Tsai ◽  
I-Gung Li ◽  
Yu-Han Hong ◽  
Szu-Li Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Occupational Radiation

scholarly journals Occupational radiation exposure and excess additive risk of cataract incidence in a cohort of US radiologic technologists

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark P Little ◽  
Elizabeth K Cahoon ◽  
Cari M Kitahara ◽  
Steven L Simon ◽  
Nobuyuki Hamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Occupational Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiologic Technologists ◽  
Additive Risk ◽  
Occupational Radiation

ObjectivesPrevious analyses of cataract in radiation-exposed populations have assessed relative risk; radiogenic excess additive risk (EAR), arguably of more public health importance, has not been estimated. Previous analysis of a large prospective cohort of US radiologic technologists (USRT) quantified excess relative risk of cataract in relation to occupational radiation dose. We aim to assess EARs of cataract.MethodsWe estimated EARs of cataract/cataract surgery in the USRT cohort using generalised additive models in relation to occupational radiation exposure, and assessed risk modification by a priori-selected cataract risk factors (diabetes, body mass index, smoking, race, sex, birth-year, ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation exposure).ResultsThere were 11 345 cataract diagnoses and 5440 of cataract surgery during 832 462 and 888 402 person-years of follow-up, respectively. Cumulative occupational radiation exposure was associated with self-reported cataract, but not with cataract surgery, with EAR/104 person-year Gy=94 (95% CI: 47 to 143, p<0.001) and EAR/104 person-year Gy=13 (95% CI: <0 to 57, p=0.551), respectively. There was marked (p<0.001) variation of EAR by age and by diabetes status, with risk higher among persons ≥75 years and diabetics. There were indications of elevated risk among those with higher UVB radiation (p=0.045), whites (p=0.056) and among those with higher levels of cigarette smoking (p=0.062). Elevated additive risk was observed for estimated occupational radiation eye-lens doses <100 mGy (p=0.004) with no dose–response curvature (p=0.903).ConclusionsThe elevated additive risks associated with low-dose radiation, if confirmed elsewhere, have important public health and clinical implications for radiation workers as well as regulatory measures.

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