ACTIONS OF GROWTH HORMONE, PROLACTIN AND THYROXINE ON SERUM SOMATOMEDIN-LIKE ACTIVITY AND GROWTH IN HYPOPITUITARY DWARF MICE

1977 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. HOLDER ◽  
M. WALLIS
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Somatomedin C ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Dwarf Mice ◽  
Dose Dependent

Hypopituitary dwarf mice (Snell's strain) were found to have much reduced levels of serum somatomedin when compared with normal mice (apparently normal members of the Snell strain). Treatment with bovine growth hormone, prolactin or thyroxine induced growth in these animals; this was accompanied in each case by increased levels of serum somatomedin (primarily somatomedin C). Growth hormone had a dose-dependent growth-promoting effect, but this was not reflected in dose-dependent increases in serum somatomedin levels. These results are in accordance with the concept that somatomedin is involved in the regulation of overall somatic growth, but it seems likely that other factors are also involved.

THE BIOASSAY OF GROWTH HORMONE IN SNELL'S DWARF MICE: EFFECTS OF THYROXINE AND PROLACTIN ON THE DOSE—RESPONSE CURVE

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. WALLIS ◽  
JENNIFER A. DEW
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Pituitary Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Dwarf Mice ◽  
Dose Dependent

SUMMARY Pituitary growth hormone has a dose-dependent growth promoting effect in pituitary dwarf mice (Snell's strain), and this effect can be used as the basis of a bioassay for the hormone. Prolactin and thyroxine also promote growth in these animals, and the effects of these hormones in combination with growth hormone were studied, in order to see whether their presence might enhance the precision or sensitivity of the growth hormone assay. When prolactin and/or thyroxine were administered with growth hormone, the growth response observed was no greater than the sum of the effects of the hormones given separately; in some cases it was less. Neither prolactin nor thyroxine increase the sensitivity or precision of the growth hormone bioassay. The implications of these results for theories about the mechanisms of growth promotion by these hormones are considered.

EFFECTS OF GROWTH HORMONE, PROLACTIN AND THYROXINE ON BODY WEIGHT, SOMATOMEDIN-LIKE ACTIVITY AND IN-VIVO SULPHATION OF CARTILAGE IN HYPOPITUITARY DWARF MICE

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. HOLDER ◽  
M. WALLIS ◽  
P. BIGGS ◽  
M. A. PREECE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Dwarf Mouse ◽  
Dwarf Mice ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
In Vivo Uptake

SUMMARY Hypopituitary dwarf mice were found to have reduced levels of serum somatomedin-like activity compared with normal mice of the Snell strain. Treatment with bovine growth hormone for 3 and 7 days resulted in growth without significantly increased levels of serum somatomedin-like activity, as detected by in-vitro uptake of 35SO42− into normal rat cartilage; only after treatment for 14 days was somatomedin activity significantly raised. However, treatment for 2 days with bovine growth hormone, bovine prolactin or thyroxine resulted in a dose-dependent increase in in-vivo uptake of 35SO42− into dwarf mouse costal cartilage; growth hormone and thyroxine did not act synergistically. Ten days of treatment with growth hormone promoted a dose-dependent increase in both growth (increased weight gain and tail length) and in-vivo uptake of 35SO42−. Increase in tail length was correlated with uptake of 35SO42−. Thus, in-vivo uptake of 35SO42− into dwarf mouse costal cartilage provides a sensitive method for detecting a dose-related effect of growth hormone.

scholarly journals The potentiation of growth hormone by asparagine and tryptophan

1973 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Ottaway
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Of Animals

Asparagine potentiates the growth-promoting effect of bovine growth hormone in rats when injected 3h after the latter, but not earlier. Tryptophan potentiates only when injected simultaneously with the hormone. The possible mode of action of growth hormone, and the likelihood that asparagine is a limiting factor in the growth of animals, are discussed.

CONDITIONS INFLUENCING THE DOSE-RESPONSE EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONE ON LONGITUDINAL BONE GROWTH IN THE HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RAT

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-G. Thorngren ◽  
L. I. Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Longitudinal Bone Growth ◽  
Response Effect ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Dose Response Effect ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Various factors that might influence the dose-response effect of growth hormone on the longitudinal bone growth were investigated with tetracycline as intravital marker of the bone growth in hypophysectomized rats. These are of practical importance for the bioassay of growth hormone. The growth response was found to be almost the same for subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection, whereas the intravenous route resulted in significantly lower growth response. The administration of growth hormone in various volumes subcutaneously did not significantly influence the dose-dependent growth response. Freezing of the dissolved growth hormone or addition of NaOH to the solution had no significant effect on the growth response. Cortisone acetate 0.5 mg/kg given at hypophysectomy increased the post-operative survival somewhat, without having any post-operative depressing influence on the growth hormone-induced longitudinal bone growth. The present investigation showed that in standardized conditions the dose-dependent growth response is constant.

SOMATOSTATIN IMMUNIZATION AND GROWTH OF LAMBS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. LAARVELD ◽  
R. K. CHAPLIN ◽  
D. E. KERR
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Daily Gain

Twenty cross-bred lambs were used in a replicated design to measure the growth-promoting effect of immunization against somatostatin. The lambs were immunized against human alpha-globulin (control) or against somatostatin coupled to human alpha-globulin in a 1:3.75 ratio (wt/wt) (SI). The first immunization occurred when the lambs were 27 d old, followed by three additional immunizations at 2-wk intervals. Growth was monitored from first immunization until the lambs were 103 d old. At the age of 103 d the SI lambs were heavier than the control lambs (33.2 ± 1.1 (mean ± standard error) vs. 30.1 ± 1.4 kg, P < 0.05). The average daily gain after first immunization of the SI lambs was 17% greater than that of the control lambs (310 ± 10 vs. 265 ± 10 g day−1, P < 0.05). Growth hormone and insulin secretory responses to glucose and arginine, glucose tolerance and somatomedin levels in plasma were not different between groups. Somatostatin immunization increased growth in lambs, but the mechanisms through which this occurs are not clear. Key words: Somatostatin, immunization, growth, lambs

Growth hormone secretion in the guinea-pig

1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gabrielsson ◽  
K. M. Fairhall ◽  
I. C. A. F. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Dose Dependent Fashion ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT The guinea-pig is unusual in that it continues to grow at a normal rate after hypophysectomy. Although its pituitary gland appears to contain a GH, this has not been isolated or characterized, and nothing is known about its secretion or physiological control. We have identified guinea-pig GH, established a sensitive heterologous radioimmunoassay and adapted our automatic blood microsampling method to study spontaneous GH secretion in this species. In male guinea-pigs, GH is released in an episodic pattern, reminiscent of the rat. Large multicomponent pulses of GH secretion occur every 3–4 h between periods of low or undetectable GH release, whereas most females showed a more uniform pulsatile pattern with pulses every 1–2 h. GH was released in response to GH-releasing factor (GRF) injections (2, 10 or 20 μg [Nle27]-GRF(1–29)NH2) in a dose-dependent fashion, and i.v. infusion of somatostatin (50 μg/h) blocked spontaneous GH pulses, eliciting a rebound release (from 2·0±0·8 (s.e.m.) to 36±17 μg/l 30 min after stopping the infusion). Infusions of a GH-releasing hexapeptide (100 or 400 μg/h for 4 h) also released GH. These results provide the first description of the pattern of GH release in the guinea-pig, and suggest that the striking episodic pattern is controlled by the same hypothalamic peptides that regulate GH in other species. Since the guinea-pig grows well in the absence of GH, this species may use GH for its metabolic, rather than growth-promoting actions. The guinea-pig may well prove a useful model, now that methods are available for studying its endogenous GH secretion. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 124, 371–380

scholarly journals GROWTH PROMOTING EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONE AND LOW DOSE ETHINYL ESTRADIOL IN GIRLS WITH TURNER SYNDROME: FINAL HEIGHT RESULTS

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. S56-S56 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Massa ◽  
M Maes ◽  
P Malvaux ◽  
M Craen ◽  
C Ernould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Turner Syndrome ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Growth Promoting

Effects of infusions of various doses of bovine growth hormone-releasing factor on blood hormones and metabolites in lactating Holstein cows

1989 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Enright ◽  
L. T. Chapin ◽  
W. M. Moseley ◽  
S. A. Zinn ◽  
M. B. Kamdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Somatomedin C ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Hormones

ABSTRACT In two experiments, the effects of i.v. infusions of various doses of bovine GH-releasing factor (GRF) on blood hormones and metabolites in lactating Holstein cows were determined. In experiment 1, cows were infused with GRF (0, 3·125, 6·25, 12·5, 25·0 or 50·0 mg/cow per 24 h) for 24 h. Blood was sampled at −1, 5, 11, 15 and 23 h relative to the start of the infusion. The serum concentration of somatomedin C (SM-C) before infusion was 303 ± 8 (s.e.m.) μg/l. Doses of GRF of between 3·125 and 50·0 mg were equipotent in stimulating (P < 0·05) SM-C by 1·5- to 2·5-fold. GRF-induced increases in SM-C occurred by 11 h from the start of the infusion. In experiment 2, primiparous cows were infused with GRF (0, 1 or 3 mg/24 h) for 20 days. Blood was sampled for 12 h on days 1, 10 and 19. The 1 mg dose of GRF increased (P < 0·05) blood concentrations of SM-C (on days 10 and 19) and glucose (on day 19), but did not affect blood concentrations of prolactin, insulin, cortisol, tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) or glucose. The 3 mg dose of GRF increased (P < 0·05) blood concentrations of SM-C (on days 10 and 19), T3 (on days 10 and 19), insulin (on day 19), NEFA (on days 1, 10 and 19) and glucose (on day 19), but did not affect blood concentrations of prolactin, cortisol or T4. We conclude that these data are consistent with the hypothesis that the galactopoietic effect of exogenous GRF in dairy cattle is mediated by increased secretion of GH. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 122, 671–679

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