Evaluation of Laboratory Request and Report Form Completeness and Legibility in Tuberculosis Diagnostic Laboratory at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia

Background: In response to the CoVID-19 pandemic, our microbial diagnostic laboratory located in a university hospital has implemented several distinct SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR systems in a very short time. Thanks to our automated molecular diagnostic platform, more than 140 000 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests were achieved over 12 months, with peaks higher than 1 500 daily tests. A dashboard was developed to give access to Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to improve laboratory operational management. Methods: RT-PCR data extraction of four respiratory viruses - SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B and RSV - from our laboratory information system (LIS), was automated. Important KPIs were identified and the visualization was achieved using an in-house dashboard based on the open-source language R (Shiny). Information is updated every 4 hours. Results: The dashboard is organized into three main parts. The Filter page presents all the KPIs, divided into five sections: i) general and gender-related indicators, ii) number of tests and positivity rate, iii) cycle threshold and viral load, iv) test durations, and v) not valid results. Filtering allows to select a given period, a dedicated instrument, a given specimen, or a requester for instance. The Comparison page allows a custom charting of all the available variables, which represents more than 182 combinations. The Data page gives the user access to the raw data in table format, with the possibility of filtering, allowing for a deeper analysis and data download in Excel format. Conclusions: The dashboard, that gives a rapid access to a huge number of up-to-date information, represents a reliable and user-friendly tool improving the decision-making process, resource planning and quality management. The dashboard represent an added value for diagnosric laboratories during a pandemic, where rapid and efficient adaptation is mandatory.

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An Automated Dashboard to Improve Laboratory COVID-19 Diagnostics Management

Frontiers in Digital Health ◽

10.3389/fdgth.2021.773986 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Emma Maury ◽

Marc-Olivier Boldi ◽

Gilbert Greub ◽

Valérie Chavez ◽

Katia Jaton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza A ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Resource Planning ◽

Test Reliability ◽

University Hospital ◽

Sample Type ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

And Gender ◽

User Friendly

Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, our microbial diagnostic laboratory located in a university hospital has implemented several distinct SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR systems in a very short time. More than 148,000 tests have been performed over 12 months, which represents about 405 tests per day, with peaks to more than 1,500 tests per days during the second wave. This was only possible thanks to automation and digitalization, to allow high throughput, acceptable time to results and to maintain test reliability. An automated dashboard was developed to give access to Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to improve laboratory operational management.Methods: RT-PCR data extraction of four respiratory viruses—SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B and RSV—from our laboratory information system (LIS), was automated. This included age, gender, test result, RT-PCR instrument, sample type, reception time, requester, and hospitalization status etc. Important KPIs were identified and the visualization was achieved using an in-house dashboard based on the open-source language R (Shiny).Results: The dashboard is organized into three main parts. The “Filter” page presents all the KPIs, divided into five sections: (i) general and gender-related indicators, (ii) number of tests and positivity rate, (iii) cycle threshold and viral load, (iv) test durations, and (v) not valid results. Filtering allows to select a given period, a dedicated instrument, a given specimen, an age range or a requester. The “Comparison” page allows a custom charting of all the available variables, which represents more than 182 combination. The “Data” page, gives the user an access to the raw data in tables format, with possibility of filtering, allowing for a deeper analysis and data download. Informations are updated every 4 h.Conclusions: By giving a rapid access to a huge number of up-to-date information, represented using the most relevant visualization types, without the burden of timely data extraction and analysis, the dashboard represents a reliable and user-friendly tool for operational laboratory management. The dashboard represents a reliable and user-friendly tool improving the decision-making process, resource planning and quality management.

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C – REACTIVE PROTEIN

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.02.1398 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (02) ◽

pp. 256-262

Author(s):

Ahmed Hussain ◽

Shahnawaz Abro ◽

Ashfaque Ahmed Bhurgiri ◽

Raheel Imtiaz Memon ◽

Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah

Keyword(s):

Acute Appendicitis ◽

University Hospital ◽

Radiographic Imaging ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Laboratory Investigations ◽

The Mean

Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency despiteadvances in radiographic imaging and diagnostic laboratory investigations; the diagnosis ofacute appendicitis remains challenge. Objectives: To evaluate the C-reactive protein in patientswith acute appendicitis. Patients and methods: This cross sectional descriptive study of sixmonths study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. All the patients withacute appendicitis were admitted in the ward and were further evaluated for C-reactive protein.The data was analyzed in SPSS 16 and the frequency and percentage was calculated. Results:One hundred subjects with acute appendicitis were recruited and studies. The mean age ±SD ofthe patients was 27.83±07.52 in overall population while it was 29.73±06.64 and 25.84±04.92in male and female subjects with acute appendicitis. The CRP was raised in 60% patients. Thedistribution of age in relation to gender and CRP was statisitically significant (p= 0.01 and<0.01) whereas the CRP was also observed as statistically significant in context to genderand histopathology (p= 0.02 and 0.03) respectively. The mean ±SD of CRP was 7.53±1.52in overall population while it was 6.84±1.64 and 8.65±1.53 in male and female patients withraised CRP. Conclusions: The CRP was elevated in patients with acute appendicitis.

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Elevated C-reative protein (CRP) as a surgical indication for appendicitis

Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University ◽

10.48036/apims.v16i4.432 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 190-193

Author(s):

Shahida Khatoon ◽

Mujeeb ur Rehman ◽

Sohail Ahmed Memon

Keyword(s):

White Blood Cells ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

University Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Histopathological Findings ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Non Invasive

Objective: Role of C-reactive protein value in the diagnosis of appendicitis by correlating with severity of appendicitis on histopathological findings. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted at the department of general surgery Unit-IV, Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from March 2016 to February 2017. All cases above 12 years of age with severe appendicitis based on presenting signs and symptoms were included. The patient underwent routine laboratory investigations including abdominal plain x-ray in an erect position and ultrasound abdomen. The blood sample was taken from each patient for C-reactive protein and was send to Hospital diagnostic laboratory. During surgery, a specimen of each patient was sent to a diagnostic laboratory for histopathology. All the data were record on Performa. Results: A total of 305 patients were studied; their mean age was 35.7+9.7 years. Males were found in the majority (73%). 75.41% of patients had leukocytosis. C-reactive protein was raised among 26.22% of patients. On histopathological findings, 04.91% of patients had a normal appendix, while 69.83% had gross inflammation of the appendix, 19.67% patients had gangrenous appendix, and 05.57% patients had perforation and peritonitis. Elevated C reactive protein (CRP) and leukocytosis were significantly associated with the severity of appendicitis, p value 0.001. Conclusion: C-reactive protein is a non-invasive and reliable indicator for surgical treatment of appendicitis. C-reactive protein and white blood cells (WBCs) were significantly associated with the severity of appendicitis.

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Prevalence of sickle cell disease among Grenadian newborns

Journal of Medical Screening ◽

10.1177/0969141317695356 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 49-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Magdalene Antoine ◽

Ketty Lee ◽

Tyhiesia Donald ◽

Yonni Belfon ◽

Ali Drigo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell Disease ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Neonatal Screening ◽

Screening Programme ◽

Population Based ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cell Disease ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Birth Prevalence ◽

The University

Objective To establish the birth prevalence of sickle cell disease in Grenada, with a view to assess the requirement for a population-based neonatal screening programme. Methods A two-year pilot neonatal screening programme, involving the Ministry of Health of Grenada, the Sickle Cell Association of Grenada, and the diagnostic laboratory of hemoglobinopathies of the University Hospital of Guadeloupe, was implemented in 2014–2015 under the auspices of the Caribbean Network of Researchers on Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia. Results Analysis of 1914 samples processed identified the following abnormal phenotypes: 10 FS, 2 FSC, 183 FAS, 63 FAC. These data indicate βs and βc allele frequencies of 0.054 and 0.018, respectively. Conclusion Neonatal screening conducted in the framework of this Caribbean cooperation can allow rapid detection and earlier management of affected children.

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Association of Hyponatremia and Encephalopathy in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Annals of King Edward Medical University ◽

10.21649/akemu.v23i1.1499 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Akbar Memon ◽

Nadeem Memom ◽

Abdul Qadir ◽

Abdul Salam Dal

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Serum Sodium ◽

Serum Sodium Level ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

University Hospital ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Grade 3

Objective: To determine the association of hyponatremia in chronic liver disease patients with presentation of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) at Isra university Hospital Hyderabad.Methods: This study was cross sectional and carried out at medicine and gastroenterology department of Isra university Hospital Hyderabad and MMC Mirpurkhas. Study duration was from September 2015 to March 2016. All the cases with age more than 25 years, both genders after diagnosis of chronic liver disease with sign and symptoms of Hepatic Encephalopathy were selected in this study. Blood sample for serum sodium level, was send to diagnostic laboratory of the hospital. Hyponatremia was classified as: 130–135 mEqL (mild), 125–130 mEq/L (moderate) and < 125 mEq/L (severe). Hepatic encephalopathy was categorized according to the West Haven classification (4 grades). Results: Total number of cases was 80. Mean age was 48 + 8.5 years. 55 (68.5%) patients were male. Majority of cases, 55 (68.5%) patients were infected with HCV. 40% patients had normal level of sodium, 25% had mild, 20% had moderate while 15% patients had severe hyponatremia. On the grading of encephalopathy, 30 (37.5%) patients had grade 1 encephalopathy while 25/(31.2%) patients had grade 2, 15/(18.8%) had grade 3 while 10 (12.5%) patients hade grade 4. The serum sodium levels significantly decreased with increasing severity of hepatic encephalopathy (P = 0.001).Conclusion: We concluded that the hyponatremia is significantly linked with Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) in patients having chronic liver disease (CLD).

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An Ultrastructural Study of the Proliferation Patterns of the Reserve Cells of the Human Cervix Uteri

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100093651 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 80-81

Author(s):

Takanori Sohda ◽

Hiroshi Saito ◽

Goro Asano ◽

Katsunari Fukushi ◽

Katsuya Suzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ultrastructural Study ◽

Age Groups ◽

Point Of View ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cervix Uteri ◽

Morphological Aspect ◽

Functional Aspect ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Human Cervix ◽

Morphological Patterns

Recently, the functional aspect as well as morphological aspect of the reserve cells in the cervix uteri drew much attention in view of the carcinogenesis in squamocolumunar junction. In this communication, the authors elucidate the ultrastructural features of the reserve cells in patients of various age groups visiting our university hospital and affiliated hospital.From conventional light microscopic point of view, the reserve cells tend to be pronounced in various pathological conditions, such as the persisting inflammation, proliferative disorders and irritation of hormones. The morphological patterns of the reserve cells from various stage and degree of irritation were observed.

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Ultrastructural Studies of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100115766 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 428-429

Author(s):

James C.S. Kim

Keyword(s):

Michigan State University ◽

State University ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Bovine Respiratory Diseases ◽

Etiologic Agents ◽

Diagnostic Difficulties ◽

The Subject ◽

Capillary Walls ◽

Alveolar Capillary

Bovine respiratory diseases cause serious economic loses and present diagnostic difficulties due to the variety of etiologic agents, predisposing conditions, parasites, viruses, bacteria and mycoplasma, and may be multiple or complicated. Several agents which have been isolated from the abnormal lungs are still the subject of controversy and uncertainty. These include adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, syncytial viruses, herpesviruses, picornaviruses, mycoplasma, chlamydiae and Haemophilus somnus.Previously, we have studied four typical cases of bovine pneumonia obtained from the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to elucidate this complex syndrome by electron microscopy. More recently, additional cases examined reveal electron opaque immune deposits which were demonstrable on the alveolar capillary walls, laminae of alveolar capillaries, subenthothelium and interstitium in four out of 10 cases. In other tissue collected, unlike other previous studies, bacterial organisms have been found in association with acute suppurative bronchopneumonia.

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