scholarly journals Gender and Professional Networks on Bank Boards

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (021r1) ◽  
pp. 1-44
Author(s):  
Ann L. Owen ◽  
◽  
Judit Temesvary ◽  
Andrew Wei ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Board Members ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Directors ◽  
Board Membership ◽  
Board Directors

Women are underrepresented on bank boards. Using a newly compiled dataset of bank board membership over the 1999-2018 period, we find that within-board professional networks are extensive, but female board members are significantly less connected than male directors, both in number and length of connections. We also find that professional networks play an important role in determining the appointment of bank board directors. Connections also positively impact compensation for female directors, especially connections to other women. These results suggest that there are differences in the breadth, depth, and value of the professional networks of male and female board members and that these differences could be a contributing channel through which women's underrepresentation on boards prevails.

Gendering Corporate Boards and Conditional Effectiveness of Board Processes: Insights from a Sub-Saharan African Country

2021 ◽  
pp. 097215092110362
Author(s):  
Obi Berko O. Damoah ◽  
Yvonne Ayerki Lamptey ◽  
Alex Anlesinya ◽  
Barbara Naa Amanuah Tetteh
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
African Country ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Corporate Board ◽  
Board Processes ◽  
Board Directors ◽  
Women On Corporate Boards ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Board Level

This study explored how and when female board members make effective contribution to board processes in a sub-Saharan African country (Ghana), a context characterized by low female representation on corporate boards, but highly under-researched with respect to the gender and corporate governance literature. The study is based on interview data from 25 female board directors in Ghana. The results show that women on corporate boards contribute to effective board processes and outcomes when their proposed ideas during board meetings are accepted by other board members, implemented by management and impact positively on organizational outcomes such as enhanced financial, product and staff outcomes. These effective contributions of female board directors to corporate board processes can further be enhanced by suitable female directors’ personal-level conditions such as their human capital (advanced degree and professional qualification, and past board membership experience) and family support (supportive husbands, and having grown up children), as well as board-level conditions like occupying chairperson/leadership position on the board or committees, and regular attendance at board meetings. Consequently, this research study contributed to the gender and corporate governance literature by providing new evidence from under-researched geographical context on how women on corporate boards contribute to effective board processes. It further highlights personal and board-level conditions that are necessary for greater contributions of female directors to corporate board processes and outcomes in male-dominated societies and boards.

The Role and Attitudes of Restorative Board Members: A Case Study of Volunteers in Community Justice

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Karp ◽  
Gordon Bazemore ◽  
J. D. Chesire
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Community Justice ◽  
Board Membership ◽  
Community Volunteers

Criminal justice agencies often call for partnerships with the community. In restorative and community justice initiatives, citizen volunteers often serve as decision makers in nonadversarial sanctioning. Although prior research has reported the attitudes of other participants in restorative decision making, such as victims and offenders, none have examined those of community volunteers. We report on findings from a state-wide survey of volunteers serving on Vermont Reparative Probation Boards. In this program, board members meet with probationers to negotiate a “reparative contract” that may include apologies, restitution, community service, and other tasks. We found a board membership that is generally representative of the community, highly supportive of the program, and knowledgeable of restorative justice principles.

scholarly journals Developing guidelines for independent and competent directors using what we have learned from research and company examples

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-837
Author(s):  
Hugh Grove ◽  
Mac Clouse
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Accounting Performance ◽  
Women On Boards ◽  
Board Directors ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

These guidelines are developed for independent and competent Board Directors: Directors must have no material relationships with the company over the past year. Directors should have business savvy, a shareholder orientation, and a genuine interest in the company. Pay for performance, not presence, and use a mix of short and long-term performance measures for Directors’ compensation. Evaluate Directors’ performance over a three year period, using both stock price and accounting performance. Use claw-back provisions for Board members’ compensation if the firm does poorly, compared to its peers over this period. There should be a mix of skills for Board members, such as industry knowledge, experience, and expertise in financial accounting, risk management, and cyber security. There should be term and age limits for Board members. There should be women on Boards.

scholarly journals What makes a board director better connected? Evidence from graph theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-377
Author(s):  
Laleh Samarbakhsh ◽  
Boza Tasic
Keyword(s):  
Betweenness Centrality ◽  
Board Member ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Degree Centrality ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Board Directors ◽  
Board Director ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

We are interested in quantifying and uncovering the relationships that form between the board directors of companies. Using these relationships we compute three network centrality measures for each director in the network and employ them in the analysis of connectedness of directors. Our focus in this study is on the attributes that make a board member better connected. The biological, educational and experiential attributes are used as independent variables to develop a regression model measuring the impact on the three connectivity measures (degree, betweenness and closeness). Our results show that ?Age? has a direct significant impact on all connectedness measures of a board member. We also find that female directors have a higher measure of degree centrality and betweenness centrality, but lower closeness. The number of foreign degrees increases the degree centrality and betweenness centrality but not closeness. The three identified characteristics of ?Age?, ?Gender?, and ?Education? are supporting the idea that a high level of social connection can in part be expected by the characteristics of individual board members and can explain up to 25% of the board member?s connectivity.

Corporate governance and the quality of CSR disclosure: lessons from an emerging economy

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Husam Ananzeh
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Board Diversity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Directors

Purpose This paper is motivated by the absence of rules that govern the practice of corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the corporate governance factors that impact the quality of CSRD. This study further examines the moderating role of family ownership and educational qualifications of female directors on the relation between board gender diversity and CSRD quality. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a sample of 94 non-financial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange to collect data on CSRD based on a checklist of 41 items for seven years from 2010–2016. The quality of CSRD is measured using a four-dimensional method that encompasses relative quantity, disclosure intensity, degree of accuracy and management outlook. Findings This study finds that CSRD quality is far from satisfactory in Jordan. The results also suggest that board size, auditor type, company size and profitability are positively associated with CSRD quality. On the other hand, factors such as chief executive officer duality, board diversity, ownership concentration and financial leverage are negatively associated with CSRD quality. In addition, the results of the empirical analysis suggest that the negative relationship between the quality of CSRD and the presence of female board members is stronger for family-owned companies. By contrast, the negative relationship between the quality of CSRD and the presence of female board members is weakened when the company has more educated, skilled and qualified female directors. Originality/value The originality of this study is manifested in the development of a quantitative measurement of CSRD quality.

Sex stereotyping in the boardroom

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Outside Directors ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
Public Corporations ◽  
Public Company ◽  
Board Membership ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings – The study’s findings reveal that the characteristics that impact the appointment of women as outside directors to public company boards differ from those of men. Relative to men, certain professions such as government relations and education improve the odds of appointment of women to corporate boards, while age lowers women’s odds. The number of network ties and the degree of network cohesion was also significant in predicting the likelihood of female board appointment to public corporations relative to men’s odds. The final model was able to predict female board membership correctly only in 28 per cent of the cases, while male board membership was predicted in 89 per cent of the cases, suggesting that factors other than human capital and professional networks (e.g. their gender) impact women’s appointment to corporate boards. Practical implications – The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals Busy female directors: an exploratory analysis of the impact of quotas and interest groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-385
Author(s):  
Yasaman Sarabi ◽  
Matthew Smith
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Directors ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to provide an exploratory analysis of male and female directors, comparing the case of UK FTSE 350 boards of directors for 2010–2018, with Norwegian boards from 2002 to 2018, to examine patterns of busy female directors. This paper considers the differences between the effects of interest groups’ actions and those of quotas on the emergence of busy female directors. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a longitudinal approach, providing an examination of both non-busy directors and busy directors sitting on the boards of UK and Norwegian firms, with a focus on female directors. Drawing on methods from social network analysis, several trends and patterns are mapped for the two corporate systems. The paper tests whether the proportion of busy male directors is significantly different from the proportion of busy female directors in the two institutional settings. Findings The results show there has been an increase in the proportion of busy female directors, whereas the level of busy male directors is slightly decreasing in the UK from 2010 to 2018. In Norway, following the introduction of gender quotas on corporate boards, there has been an increase in overboarded directors, especially female directors, along with the rise of so-called “golden skirt” directors. However, when compared to the UK case, the proportion of busy male and female directors is higher, suggesting that the emergence of the golden skirts in Norway is not a result of quotas alone. Originality/value The topic of busy directors has received increased attention in recent years, yet the gender of these directors is often neglected. This paper provides an overview of the characteristics of busy female directors for large UK and Norwegian firms, presenting avenues for future research.

A Comparison of Male and Female Directors in Popular Pornography: What Happens when Women are at the Helm?

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyng Sun ◽  
Ana Bridges ◽  
Robert Wosnitzer ◽  
Erica Scharrer ◽  
Rachael Liberman
Keyword(s):  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Directors

scholarly journals Female Board Directors and Corporate Environmental Investment: A Contingent View

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1975
Author(s):  
Liang Hu ◽  
Defeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Upper Echelons ◽  
Board Diversity ◽  
Environmental Investment ◽  
Upper Echelons Theory ◽  
Female Directors ◽  
Board Directors ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Board diversity has become a major topic in a developed context, yet its impact has not been examined by scholars in emerging economies where the liberalization of women is not equally popular. Based on upper echelons theory, this study explores the impact of female board directors on corporate environmental investment (CEI), as well as its boundary conditions under different institutional backgrounds. Taking 463 A-share listed corporations in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2008–2017 as examples, we reveal that female board directors are positively related to CEI. In addition, provincial pollution level and regional legal development strengthen the positive relationship between female board directors and CEI. These findings contribute to upper echelons theory that board diversity facilitates corporate pro-social behaviors, especially under pressure from the external environment, emphasizing the influence of female directors’ characteristics. Our research also has managerial implications that corporations may enhance their representation of female directors for better environmental actions and subsequent better marketing performance as well as improved reputation. Moreover, the government is suggested to put forward regulations that increase the proportion of female directors in order to enhance corporate environmental investment.

CEO board membership: implications for firm value

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-370
Author(s):  
Michelle Li ◽  
Helen Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Board Membership ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relation between CEO board membership and firm performance. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates the relationship between firm performance and CEO board membership, applying two-stage least squares, propensity score matching and correcting for self-selection bias across a unique sample of publicly listed New Zealand firms that demonstrate a definitive variation in CEO board membership. Findings This study finds that CEO board membership has a positive impact on firm performance, and these benefits are greater for more complex firms. Research limitations/implications Firms with CEOs independent of the board are associated with lower firm performance. The results are consistent with CEO board members providing an important information transfer mechanism to the board, resulting in an increase in average firm performance. This benefit is greater for larger firms with more business segments. Originality/value The paper tests for the impact of CEO board membership using a data set that demonstrates a definitive variation in CEO board membership.

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