Estimativa de Idade em Remanescentes Ósseos: Contribuições dos Ossos da Cabeça e do Pescoço

Author(s):  
Thamires Mello-Gentil ◽  
Vanessa Souza-Mello

A estimativa da idade a partir de remanescentes ósseos é um desafio da ciência forense, principalmente em adultos. Os ossos da cabeça, do pescoço e os dentes apresentam maior resistência e, frequentemente, são as únicas peças disponíveis para perícia. Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar criticamente os métodos disponíveis para a estimativa de idade a partir remanescentes ósseos da cabeça e do pescoço, bem como dos dentes na prática forense. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura, utilizando a base de dados PubMed para as buscas com os seguintes descritores: “cranial sutures”, “teeth mineralization”, “cervical vertebrae”, “hyoid”, “age estimation” e “human identification”. As buscas de artigos foram restritas aos últimos dez anos. Contudo, livros, artigos clássicos e teses foram incluídos, mesmo que tenham sido publicados há mais tempo. A revisão da literatura mostrou que a idade de fechamento das suturas deve ser utilizada em associação com outro parâmetro devido à ocorrência de variações frequentes. O ângulo da mandíbula pode oferecer informações importantes para estimar a idade, porém a mineralização dentária a partir da utilização de exames de imagem ou técnicas histológicas oferecem subsídios para estimar a idade com maior acurácia. Os ossos do pescoço podem ajudar a estimar a idade, porém não devem ser utilizados isoladamente. Em conclusão, os dentes e ossos da cabeça e do pescoço podem ser utilizados em complemento à análise de outros ossos para estimativa de idade. Contudo, quando são as únicas peças disponíveis, o grau de fechamento das suturas, o ângulo da mandíbula e a mineralização dentária podem oferecer subsídios suficientes para estimar a idade, principalmente quando analisados juntamente a exames de imagem, técnicas histológicas e em associação com os ossos do pescoço.

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 68-80
Author(s):  
Rajitha Sivakumaran

Cranial suture closure has been regarded as an unreliable method for age estimation due to the large amount ofvariability in the commencement, progression and termination of fusion. The Hamann Todd Osteological Collectionwas used to examine the sagittal, coronal and lambdoid sutures in an attempt to determine the impact of sex and ancestry on synostosis. The sagittal does not appear to be impacted by sex, but in the coronal and lambdoid sutures,significant sex-based differences were noted. Generally, females exhibited greater progression than males, butsynostosis was more strongly related to age in males. Stronger age-score correlations were present in black individuals compared to white individuals. This questions the application of current cranial aging methods, which do not address sex- and population-based differences in the commencement, progression and termination ofsutural fusion.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e8510312948
Author(s):  
Marisa de Matos Ferraz Pêgo ◽  
Paola Fernanda Leal Corazza ◽  
Fernando Martins Baeder ◽  
Daniel Furtado Silva ◽  
Ana Carolina Lyra de Albuquerque ◽  
...  

This study aims to perform age estimation using three different parameters from dental and skeletal development. The sample consisted of 98 dental records of patients aged from 10 to 16 years old, containing the chronological age and a set of radiographs (panoramic, lateral cephalometric and carpal radiographs) taken in the same day. The biological age was assessed through the dental development from panoramic radiographs according to the Nicodemo's method. The stages of dental development were registered and imported in CRONOL software (UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil), which provided the estimated dental age. The lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed to assess the development of the vertebrae C2, C3 and C4. And carpal radiographs were evaluated according to Fishman's method. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify the normality of the chronological and estimated age. T-test for unpaired samples was used to compare the normal data. Chi-square test was used to analyze the age in function of sex. Moderate and strong correlations were found between the chronological and biological (estimated) ages for all the methods. Statistically significant differences between the development of males and females were not observed (p>0.05). A linear regression formula was designed to allow age estimates statistically more accurate (p<0.0001). The formula reached an accuracy rate of 71.4%. In general, the methods underestimated the age. The combination of methods led to optimal performances for age estimation. The performances were similar between males and females.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 100677-100687
Author(s):  
Manoel Jacob Batista Januário ◽  
Natalya Wegila Felix Da Costa ◽  
Sarah Soares De Melo ◽  
Maria Clara da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Francisca Izabele Lemos Barbosa ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 171 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-558
Author(s):  
Fei Fan ◽  
Meng Tu ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Xinhua Dai ◽  
Kui Zhang ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Thalita Queiroz Abreu ◽  
Ana Emília Figueiredo De Oliveira ◽  
Elza Bernardes Ferreira ◽  
Mariana Figueiredo Lopes ◽  
Maia Denise Regina Pontes Vieira

Objective: Age estimation is an important element in the forensic investigation, being one of the data primary sources to establish the identity of living people or unknown mortal remains. The methods used for this purpose are those based on individuals’ bones and teeth development. Since dental radiographs assume major role in the forensic context, this article aims to show, by means of literature review, the importance of dental radiographs as an aid in human identification process, particularly in the age estimation.Conclusion: The forensic dental examination contributes significantly to human identification, no matter if it is a living, in advanced decay, skeletonized or charred body. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness among dental professionals about the need to properly record and archive the information and data obtained during the daily clinical routine, since the greatest support for identification in forensic dentistry, mainly the individual’s age estimation, comes from clinical documentation produced daily by clinicians, especially dental radiographs.


JKCD ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Sadaf Ambreen

Objectives: To compare Demirjian Dental scoring method with Greulich-Pyle (GP) Skeletal method of age estimation in pubertal children. Materials and Methods: Sample of the study included 267 male healthy subjects of 11-16 years of age group.. Demirjian Scoring system was utilized to evaluate the orthopantomograms to assess their Dental age and the Hand-Wrist radiographs were analyzed to calculate the skeletal age by utilizing GP atlas. Chronological age was obtained from the date of birth of the subject .Both methods were compared with one another and with the chronological age. It was a cross-sectional study and only healthy male subjects without any clinical abnormalities were included in the study. Results: A total of 267 male subjects of 11-16 years of age group were assessed by Demirjian and Greulich Pyle Methods. Both were compared with Chronological Age. Data obtained was statistically analyzed and the Student “t” test was applied in the study population. The mean difference between Chronolgical age and dental age was 0.69years and that of chronological age and skeletal age was 0.87 years. It was observed from dental age assessment that it does not differ much from the skeletal age. Conclusion: It was concluded that Demirjian method of Age Estimation is more precise than Greulich Pyle method of Age Estimation. Furthermore both methods can be used selectively in Medicolegal cases to access bone age which can be easily correlated to chronological age.


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