scholarly journals Agri-environment schemes do not support Brown Hare populations due to inadequate scheme application

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-288
Author(s):  
Nikolett Ujhegyi ◽  
Norbert Keller ◽  
László Patkó ◽  
Zsolt Biró ◽  
Bálint Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Effects ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Brown Hare ◽  
European Brown Hare ◽  
Margin Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
And Control

The goal of many agri-environment schemes (AES) is to increase biodiversity in agroecosystems. AES effects are often measured on invertebrates and birds; mammals as indicator species are infrequently targets of such researches. Our goal was to evaluate the local-scale effects of the Hungarian Agri-Environmental Measures (AEM) on the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus), which shows decreasing population trends across Europe. We compared hare abundances and their dropping numbers in AEM and control agricultural arable and grassland fields of 17 game management units in two seasons. We also examined the quality of arable fields based on their margin width and vegetation cover. We found that margin quality was higher in AEM than in the control fields. Control grasslands had higher vegetation quality than the AEM grasslands. We found a significant difference in hare counts between AEM and control arable fields in spring but no difference in autumn. The dropping densities did not differ in any season, treatment category or agroecosystem type. We conclude that the AEM program (2009-2014) in Hungary was not effective for the hare, and this might have been caused by the inadequate or weak application of AEM practices. We provide recommendations for future AEM programs to enhance biodiversity.

scholarly journals Endoparasites of European Brown Hare (Lepus Europaeus) from Southern Poland Based on Necropsy

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kornaś ◽  
Izabela A. Wierzbowska ◽  
Marek Wajdzik ◽  
Jerzy Kowal ◽  
Marta Basiaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Nematode Infection ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Brown Hare ◽  
European Brown Hare ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The population of the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) has been declining for the last decades in many European countries, including Poland. The goal of this study was to determine the level of endoparasite infection among hares. In 2007-2010, 83 animals were examined postmortem. The animals were weighed and analysed according to age and sex. During the dissection only the following nematodes were noticed: Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, Strongyloides papillosus, Trichuris leporis and Passalurus ambiguus in the intestinal tract and Protostrongylus pulmonalis in lungs. Body mass of hares was analysed with a general linear model (GLM) with age, sex, and presence/ absence of nematode infection as factors. The proportion of infected and uninfected hares with protozoan coccidia was compared with Fisher exact test for 2×2 contingency tables, whereas the proportion of nematode infection was compared by χ2 test. There was a significant difference in the proportion of hares infected and not infected by coccidia with the higher proportion of infected juvenile individuals (P=0.010), whereas there was no difference between males and females (P=0.41). The frequencies of hares infected vs. not infected by nematodes did not differ between sex (χ2=1.89, P=0.168) and age (χ2=0.0007, P=0.97). The mean body mass of all hares was 4.15 kg±0.40 kg. GLM model conducted for body mass of hares showed that there was a significant difference only between juvenile and adult hares (F=24.225, P=0.000005) and no significant association between the level of endoparasite infection and sex

The effect of positive thinking training on the quality of life of parents of adolescent with thalassemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeleh Sadeghloo ◽  
Parna Shamsaee ◽  
Elham Hesari ◽  
Golbanhar Akhondzadeh ◽  
Hamid Hojjati
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
World Health ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Paired T Test

Abstract Introduction Thalassemia, as the most common chronic hereditary blood disorder in humans, can impose many adverse effects on parents and their affected children. On the other hand, positive thinking is the method or the result of a positive focus on a constructive issue, so by teaching positive thinking, we can improve physical and social function, and promote emotional health and overall quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive thinking training on the quality of life of parents of adolescents with thalassemia. Methods This quasi-experimental study was performed on 52 parents of adolescents with thalassemia who attended Taleghani Hospital in Golestan province, Iran in 2017. Samples were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The positive thinking training (based on the theory of Martin Seligman) was carried out in the intervention group in 10 (45–60 min) sessions over a 5-week period. Data collection tools in this study were the World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and a demographic information questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using independent t-test, the paired t-test and a covariance test. Results The results of paired t-test showed a significant difference in the score of quality of life in intervention group before and after the intervention (p < 0.001). However, this test did not show any significant difference in the control group (p = 0.11). The covariance test, after removing the pre-test score, showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of the score of quality of life, so that 13% of the changes after the intervention were due to the intervention (p = 0.009, η = 0.13). Conclusion The positive thinking training increased the quality of life of parents of adolescents with thalassemia. Therefore, using this program can be an effective way of improving the quality of life of parents. Thus, positive thinking training is suggested to be used as an effective strategy for increasing the quality of life of parents with ill children.

scholarly journals A preliminary study on the detection of potential contaminants in the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) by suspect and microplastics screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 100045
Author(s):  
Romana Hornek-Gausterer ◽  
Herbert Oberacher ◽  
Vera Reinstadler ◽  
Christina Hartmann ◽  
Bettina Liebmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Brown Hare ◽  
European Brown Hare ◽  
Preliminary Study

Morphologic and Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Hepatic Lesions Associated with European Brown Hare Syndrome

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gavier-Widén
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Coagulation Necrosis ◽  
Brown Hare ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
European Brown Hare ◽  
European Brown Hare Syndrome ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Living Adult

Liver lesions were studied in 40 free-living adult European brown hares ( Lepus europaeus) and varying hares ( Lepus timidus) of both sexes that had died in Sweden with the viral infection European brown hare syndrome (EBHS). The lesions were characterized by their histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic findings. Periportal to massive coagulation necrosis was a distinctive feature of EBHS. Lytic necrosis, inflammation, fatty degeneration, and cholangitis occurred variably. Accumulation of basophilic granules in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes was commonly observed; these lesions corresponded ultrastructurally to mitochondrial calcification. Viral antigen was revealed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of hepatocytes and in the cytoplasm of macrophages.

The secret of Pianosa island: an Italian native population of European brown hare (Lepus europaeus meridiei Hilzheimer, 1906)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1513-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mengoni ◽  
V. Trocchi ◽  
N. Mucci ◽  
C. Gotti ◽  
F. Giannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Brown Hare ◽  
Native Population ◽  
European Brown Hare

scholarly journals Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) naturally infecting introduced European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) in northern Patagonia: phenotype, prevalence and potential risk

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo F. Cuervo ◽  
Sophia Di Cataldo ◽  
M. Cecilia Fantozzi ◽  
Erika Deis ◽  
Gabriela Diaz Isenrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Brown Hare ◽  
European Brown Hare ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
Northern Patagonia

AbstractFascioliasis has recently been included in the WHO list of Neglected Zoonotic Diseases. Besides being a major veterinary health problem, fascioliasis has large underdeveloping effects on the human communities affected. Though scarcely considered in fascioliasis epidemiology, it is well recognized that both native and introduced wildlife species may play a significant role as reservoirs of the disease. The objectives are to study the morphological characteristics of Fasciola hepatica adults and eggs in a population of Lepus europaeus, to assess liver fluke prevalence, and to analyze the potential reservoir role of the European brown hare in northern Patagonia, Argentina, where fascioliasis is endemic. Measures of F. hepatica found in L. europaeus from northern Patagonia demonstrate that the liver fluke is able to fully develop in wild hares and to shed normal eggs through their faeces. Egg shedding to the environment is close to the lower limit obtained for pigs, a domestic animal whose epidemiological importance in endemic areas has already been highlighted. The former, combined with the high prevalence found (14.28%), suggest an even more important role in the transmission cycle than previously considered. The results obtained do not only remark the extraordinary plasticity and adaptability of this trematode species to different host species, but also highlight the role of the European brown hare, and other NIS, as reservoirs capable for parasite spillback to domestic and native cycle, representing a potentially important, but hitherto neglected, cause of disease emergence.

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