Evaluation of the level salivation at patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease abusers a tobacco smoking

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
L. R. Gasanova ◽  
G. I. Lukina ◽  
E. A. Bazikyan ◽  
A. A. Chunikhin ◽  
O. A. Bazikyan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Tobacco Smoking: Risk to Develop Addiction, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Lung Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Santoro ◽  
Carlo Tomino ◽  
Giulia Prinzi ◽  
Palma Lamonaca ◽  
Vittorio Cardaci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Nicotinic Receptors ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial Cells ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial

Background: The morbidity and mortality associated with tobacco smoking is well established. Nicotine is the addictive component of tobacco. Nicotine, through the non-neuronal α7nicotinic receptor, induces cell proliferation, neo-angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and inhibits drug-induced apoptosis. Objective: To understand the genetic, molecular and cellular biology of addiction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. Methods: The search for papers to be included in the review was performed during the months of July- September 2018 in the following databases: PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), Scopus (http://www.scopus.com), EMBASE (http://www.elsevier.com/online-tools/embase), and ISI Web of Knowledge (http://apps.webofknowledge.com/). The following searching terms: “nicotine”, “nicotinic receptor”, and “addiction” or “COPD” or “lung cancer” were used. </P><P> Patents were retrieved in clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/). All papers written in English were evaluated. The reference list of retrieved articles was also reviewed to identify other eligible studies that were not indexed by the above-mentioned databases. </P><P> New experimental data on the ability of nicotine to promote transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells, exposed for one hour to Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9-10-epoxide, are reported. Results: Nicotinic receptors variants and nicotinic receptors upregulation are involved in addiction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or lung cancer. Nicotine through α7nicotinic receptor upregulation induces complete bronchial epithelial cells transformation. Conclusion: Genetic studies highlight the involvement of nicotinic receptors variants in addiction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or lung cancer. A future important step will be to translate these genetic findings to clinical practice. Interventions able to help smoking cessation in nicotine dependence subjects, under patent, are reported.

scholarly journals Profile of a Brazilian population with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateo Sainz Yaksic ◽  
Mauro Tojo ◽  
Alberto Cukier ◽  
Rafael Stelmach
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Cor Pulmonale ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Wood Smoke ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Co Morbidity

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a public health problem. Tobacco smoking is the major cause, but not the only one. Air pollution, exposure to chemicals, environmental smoke exposure, and passive smoking are among other contributing causes; being viral and bacterial infections also risk factors. Gender and weight are associated to the severity of the disease. Co-morbidity is frequent. OBJECTIVE: To characterize a population of COPD outpatients followed at an outsourced medical service. METHODS: Questionnaires were applied to patients with COPD. The data included gender, age, weight, body mass index (BMI), oxygen delivery users, and FEV1, exposure to tobacco smoke, exposure to wood smoke, history of tuberculosis and co-morbid diseases. RESULTS: Of the 70 patients enrolled in the study, 70% (49) were men with an average age of 64 ± 10 years, average weight of 63 ± 16 kg and average BMI of 22 ± 5 kg/m². Mean FEV1 was 35 ± 14% and 45.7% were oxygen dependent. Nine (12.8%) patients never smoked, while 78.8% had quit tobacco smoking, (38 ± 11 pack/years was the average). Nine (12.8%) smoked corn husk cigarettes. Eighteen (25.7%) were exposed to wood smoke. Eleven (15.7%) patients had tuberculosis, 5.7% complained of asthma symptoms, 2.8% had bronchiectasis, 11.4% diabetes mellitus, 51.4% hypertension, and 20% Cor pulmonale. CONCLUSION: Other possible COPD etiologies must be investigated. Determinants of the pulmonary injury could be environmental smoke exposure associated to former infections. Men with low BMI are typically representative of this severe patient population. Hypertension and Cor Pulmonale are frequent co-morbidity factors.

scholarly journals ABO blood type analysis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-471
Author(s):  
Blazenka Petricevic ◽  
Dragica Pesut
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Abo Blood Type

Tobacco smoking is major risk factor for development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which appears in 15-20% of smokers. Apart from smoking, exposure to polluted air and various noxae, and several genetic factors influence its development as well. The ABO blood type distribution varies among populations in the world, but also within subpopulations. A large number of studies have shown a correlation between blood types and the pathology of various diseases. These markers, used in population genetic research, have mainly shown deviations in the representation of blood groups in different diseases, compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the ABO blood types distribution in patients with COPD compared to the general population, and their possible association with COPD stage, patients? nutritional status and lung function impairment. This observational, prospective study included 150 patients (68.7% men and 31.3% women), average age 64.80 ? 8.38 years, diagnosed with COPD. Data were collected at the Clinical Center of Montenegro in Podgorica and at the Special Hospital for Lung Diseases Brezovik in Niksic. Determination of blood types of the ABO system and Rh factors for all subjects was performed at the Blood Transfusion Center in Podgorica. Apart from patients? tobacco smoking status (duration of smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked per day expressed in pack/years for current smokers and former smokers), we also analyzed their exposure to various other noxae, their body mass index, and lung function in correlation to ABO blood type and Rh factor, and performed statistical analysis. We found a significant difference in the distribution of ABO blood types in patients with COPD compared to the general population. The highest frequency of blood type A was found in patients with COPD. We also found the lowest average values of spirometry parameters in that group, which represented majority of those patients with respiratory insufficiency having the most severe stage of the disease. Combined blood types A, B and were significantly more common in patients with COPD in comparison to blood type O, which is the least represented (23.3%). The least obstructive disturbance of pulmonary ventilation was found in the patients with B type. Respiratory insufficiency showed differences in gender representation, found in 40.4% of women, and in 25.2% of men with terminal phase of COPD. The prevalence of AB, higher than expected, decreases with the severity of the disease.

scholarly journals DESCRIPTION AND FACTORS RELATED OF RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN COMMUNITY SETTING

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Marita Fadhilah ◽  
Raka Prazasta
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Early Symptoms

Background: Currently, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of degenerative disease with high morbidity and mortality, especially in low-income countries, including Indonesia. Increasing prevalence of COPD in Indonesia straightly correlates with increasing of tobacco smoking and air pollution level. Many studies had conducted to decrease COPD morbidity and mortality. Prevention is the best way to reduce the incidence of COPD. This study aimed to identify risk assessment of COPD in the community around Research, Teaching, and Clinical Unit (RTCU) Buaran, South Tangerang.Methods: This study was cross sectional design and involved 134 respondents (41 males and 93 females) who live around RTCU Buaran, using two stages cluster sampling. During April to June 2015, respondents were asked to fill the questionnaire that adapted from COPD Risk Screener that contains five questions.Results: The study showed that the risk assessment of COPD of community around RTCU Buaran was 5.2% at high risk and 94.8% at low risk respectively. Using Fisher's Exact Test, there was signicant correlation between the risk assessment of COPD and respondents' age, gender, the early symptoms of COPD, and tobacco smoking (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study showed the risk assessment of COPD of community around RTCU Buaran was dominantly at low risk (94.8%), it seemed due to females' respondents more dominant than males'. Factors that significantly related to risk of COPD were age, gender, the early symptoms of COPD, and tobacco smoking.

scholarly journals Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Related to Wood and Other Biomass Smoke: A Different Phenotype or Specific Diseases?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Torres-Duque ◽  
Felipe Severiche-Bueno ◽  
Mauricio González-García
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Wood Smoke ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Biomass Smoke ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Nosological Entity

Around 41% of the world’s population continue using solid fuels, including wood and other types of biomass, for cooking or heating their homes. Long-term indoor exposure to wood smoke, and biomass smoke in general, is a risk factor for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In some regions of the world, biomass exposure is a more frequent cause of COPD than exposure to cigarette smoke. Recently it has been described notable differences between COPD associated with wood smoke (WS-COPD) and that caused by tobacco smoking (TS-COPD): significantly less emphysema and more airway inflammation in WS-COPD. Recognizing these differences, some authors have suggested that WS-COPD should be considered a new COPD phenotype. This chapter summarizes the differences between WS-COPD and TS-COPD. The information about the characteristics of COPD caused by other types of biomass fuels, different from wood, is very scarce. Accepting that the smoke derived from wood burning and tobacco smoking have some differences (etiology), the inhalation patterns are different (pathogenesis) and the physiopathological mechanisms they induce may also differ, we analyze if the disease caused by indoor chronic exposure to wood smoke should be considered as another COPD phenotype or a distinct nosological entity.

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