FIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT AT OIL REFINING PLANTS BASED ON STOCHASTIC MODELING

In the oil and gas industry, bottom sediments are deposited in reservoirs, which reduce the efficiency of oil refining. The optimal yield of light oil products during primary oil refining was considered. To achieve high energy efficiency, it is necessary to compound the oil in the tank using agitators. The available propeller agitators are considered, and their shortcomings are revealed. The disadvantages include: high repair costs, the presence of an electric motor that increases the fire hazard of production, the occurrence of axial loads as a result of rotation and clogging of impurities in the propeller blades. A jet mixer can compensate for the disadvantages of propeller agitators. The simulation was performed using the ANSYS CFX software package. Models have been developed for: cyclic mixing; mixing with a propeller agitator; mixing with a jet agitator. A strength calculation was performed with the ANSYS-Static Structural module with imported data from ANSYS CFX for the propeller and jet agitator. It is revealed that the jet mixer, with its simple design and operation in comparison with other compounding methods, allows to achieve better mixing and lower loads on the tank.

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IEEE Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of Electrical Insulating Materials in Electrical Power Systems

10.1109/ieeestd.1994.119221 ◽

1993 ◽

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Hazard Assessment ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Electrical Power Systems ◽

Insulating Materials

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Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities

10.1520/e2280-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Hazard Assessment ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Care Facilities

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Fire hazard assessment of wall and ceiling fire spread in rooms

Flammability Testing of Materials Used in Construction, Transport and Mining ◽

10.1533/9781845691042.1.123 ◽

2006 ◽

pp. 123-148

Author(s):

C WADE

Keyword(s):

Hazard Assessment ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Fire Spread

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Fire Hazard Assessment in a Big Hall with the Multi-Cell Zone Modelling Concept

Journal of Fire Sciences ◽

10.1177/073490419701500102 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 14-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

W.K. Chow

Keyword(s):

Hazard Assessment ◽

Calculation Method ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Accurate Prediction ◽

Zone Model ◽

Fire Growth ◽

Fire Environment ◽

Computer Based ◽

Escape Path ◽

Cell Zone

The multi-cell concept is further applied for assessing the fire hazard of a big hall using a zone model. A hall of size 60 m by 60 m by 5 m was selected for the study. HAZARD1, a computer-based hazard calculation method combining models of fire growth and egress was used for fire hazard assess ment. This hall was divided into a "nine-room" structure, a "three-room" struc ture, and a "one-room" structure. Room numbers and node numbers for each group were labelled for use by the evacuation module EXITT. The fire environ ment was simulated by the fire zone model CFAST. With the predicted results, the escape paths of the occupants were then simulated. The module TENAB was used to study whether tenability criteria were exceeded. Because the "multi-cell" concept of using a zone model can give detailed information in the fire environment, better identification of the escape path and more accurate prediction on tenability are possible.

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Assessment of Heating and Cooling of a Spontaneous Fire Source in Coal Deposits—Effect of Coal Grain Size

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min10100907 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 907

Author(s):

Marek Więckowski ◽

Natalia Howaniec ◽

Adam Smoliński

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Hazard Assessment ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Temperature Drop ◽

Coal Bed ◽

Coal Deposit ◽

Fire Source ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Spontaneous Fire ◽

The Impact

Fire hazard assessment in coal mines is performed on the basis of concentrations of particular gases emitted from the heating coal deposit, but more precise criteria and indicators are needed to assess fire hazard properly—both during the temperature rise phase and in the coal bed cooling phase. In the paper the impact of coal grinding on hazard assessment of spontaneous fire development in the coal deposit during heating and cooling the fire source was analyzed. The intensity of desorption of ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, acetylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen is the resultant of temperature and grinding of coal samples. The results proved that the ratio of concentrations emitted by standard versus coarsely crushed coal for each of the gases, changed both in the growth phase as well as in the temperature drop phase. It was found that as the temperature rose, the effect of coal grinding on the release of ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene and carbon monoxide decreased. The greatest effect of coal grinding was observed in the case of ethane and propane, while the lowest in the case of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

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