EFFECTS OF COVER BOARD AGE, SEASON, AND HABITAT ON THE OBSERVED ABUNDANCE OF EASTERN RED-BACKED SALAMANDERS (PLETHODON CINEREUS)

Journal of North American Herpetology ◽

10.17161/jnah.vi1.11894 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 53-58

Author(s):

Geoffrey R. Smith ◽

Cody N Grasser

Keyword(s):

Effective Means ◽

Habitat Type ◽

Plethodon Cinereus ◽

Ecological Indicator ◽

Plethodontid Salamanders ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

The Difference ◽

Abundance And Distribution ◽

Term Monitoring

Plethodontid salamanders are potentially good ecological indicator species in woodland habitats due to their abundance and sensitivity to changes in the environment. The use of terrestrial salamanders as ecological indicators depends on effective means of surveying their abundance and distribution. Our study examined the use of old and new artificial cover boards by Eastern Red-backed Salamanders (Plethodon cinereus). We also considered the effects of season (spring vs. fall) and habitat type (deciduous vs. coniferous vs. mixed) on cover board use by P. cinereus. Our results indicated that P. cinereus abundance was greater under old cover boards compared to new cover boards. However, the difference between the use of old and new cover boards was greater during the spring than the fall, suggesting that the effect of cover board age became weaker over time. Plethodon cinereus showed strong seasonal variation in observed abundance, with peaks during the spring and fall seasons and very low surface activity during the summer. Plethodon cinereus had higher observed abundance in deciduous habitats than in coniferous and mixed habitats. Our results suggested that care should be taken to account for cover board age in long-term monitoring programs, especially if cover boards are replaced during a study.

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The phenomenon of Czech beer: a review

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/455/2013-cjfs ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 309-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. Olšovská ◽

P. Čejka ◽

K. Sigler ◽

V. Hönigová

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Polyphenol Content ◽

Total Polyphenol ◽

Limit Value ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

The Difference ◽

Term Monitoring ◽

Specific Technology ◽

The Eu

The character and authenticity of the Czech beer, which has been accorded the protected geographical indication (PGI) České pivo by the EU, are based on specific technology and use of unique raw materials. A number of chemical and sensorial markers of the Czech beer differ from those of other lager or Pils-type beers. The majority of Czech beers contain residual (unfermented) extract. One of the most typical characteristics of Czech beers is the difference in attenuation; its long-term recorded limit value is 4.5%. Another important characteristic typical of the Czech beer is bitterness, which is mostly higher in comparison with other lagers, with the limit value at 29 EBC units. Also the colour, pH, and total polyphenol content are higher in the Czech-type beer. The limit parameters obtained by long-term monitoring were 11.8 EBC, 4.52 and 153 mg/l, respectively. Differences in amino acid and protein profiles and contents were also observed.

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The Unusual Reddish-Bloom Appearance in a Freshwater Fishpond at Kingolwira National Fish Farming Center, Morogoro, Tanzania

International Journal of Environment ◽

10.3126/ije.v9i2.32734 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 204-216

Author(s):

Offoro N. Kimambo ◽

Jabulani R. Gumbo ◽

Titus A.M Msagati ◽

Hector Chikoore

Keyword(s):

Fish Farming ◽

Test Statistics ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Future Studies ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

The Difference ◽

Term Monitoring ◽

Time Assessment

The study aimed to examines a case of what constituted the uncommonly reddish-bloom appearance in the fishponds during the dry season (September 2018) at Kingolwira National Fish Farming Center located in Morogoro, Tanzania. The study used a benchtop FlowCAM® to investigate species' morphology. One-time assessment of physico-chemical characteristics during the event was performed from the reddish and non-reddish fishponds. Images were compared with the available literature, but also t-test statistics were performed to examine the difference between the fishponds. The results show that the fishponds were significantly (p<0.05) different from each other in terms of physico-chemical parameters except for water temperatures. Furthermore, Microcystis species dominated the non-reddish fishpond whereas Euglenophytes species were pervasive in the reddish fishpond. The two species have the potential to produce secondary metabolites (toxins) or to produce a hypoxia condition that is harmful to the fishery, aquatic ecology, and human. To confirm toxicity nature and dynamics further, future studies should consider extensive and regular diurnal and long-term monitoring.

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