Despite the fact that Russia remained among the ten leading countries by the share of costs for technological innovations in the total volume of delivered products, the gap in the level of innovation performance remained serious. In terms of the specific weight of technological innovation costs in the total volume of the delivered goods, performed works and rendered services (2,1%), Russia in 2018 ranked 9 th among European countries. In terms of its share of the research and development costs in the total cost of technological innovations (45,2%) – 14th place and in terms of the specific weight of the innovative goods, works, services in the total volume of goods delivered, works performed, services rendered (6,5%) – 24th place out of 30. An analysis of the foreign and Russian experience of the innovation organization showed that in order to multiply the share of innovative industrial products in the total production, it was necessary to create such a system of organization and management of scientific and tech- nological development, which, unlike current practice and by analogy with the key principle of modern concepts of the production organization – the principle of “pulling” – would be able to form a real paid demand for applied R & D and subsequently for basic research. At the same time, in addition to the existing stream of ideas from academic science to production, it is necessary to organize a back-stream of demand – from the factory science, which is at the forefront of understanding the current needs of industry – to the applied one and then to academic science within the range of issues really essential for production.
Experience in the Organization and Management of the Enterprises’ Scientific and Technological Development
