scholarly journals The elimination of Plum pox virus in plum cv. Bluefree and apricot cv. Hanita by chemotherapy of in vitro cultures

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hauptmanová ◽  
J. Polák
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Virus Elimination ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
One Year

In vitro cultures of plum cv. Bluefree and apricot cv. Hanita infected with Plum pox virus (PPV) were used for the virus elimination by chemotherapy. Low ribavirin concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/l in Murashige-Skoog medium were applied in the treatment. Plum pox virus was completely eliminated by 5 mg/l of ribavirin in plum cv. Bluefree within twenty weeks and in apricot cv. Hanita in twelve weeks of the application. Plum pox virus was completely eliminated by 10 mg/l of ribavirin both in plum cv. Bluefree and apricot cv. Hanita within twelve weeks. The presence of PPV was not proved by RT-PCR. Clones of plum cv. Bluefree and apricot cv. Hanita were re-tested by RT-PCR one year after the termination of the ribavirin treatment and negative results confirmed the elimination of Plum pox virus.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Cell Division in Some Local Potato Varieties Cultivated in Vitro on Micropropagation Medium

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Iustina Brînduşa Ciobanu ◽  
Dana Constantinovici ◽  
L. Creţu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Murashige Skoog

Abstract This study was performed to reveal the changes in cell division, as a result of the prolonged period of subculture on micropropagation medium, of five local varieties of Solanum tuberosum L. maintained on in vitro collection at Suceava Genebank, Romania. For this purpose it was used the Murashige-Skoog medium (MS- 1962) with addition of 40 g/l sucrose, and 6 mg/l daminozide. The effect of prolonged period of subculture up to two and 12 months was expressed as mitotic index and frequency of cells with abnormal division. Mitotic index ranged from 20.1 to 22.1% after 12 days, between 15.5 - 17.7% after two months and between 17.7 - 19.2% after 12 months of subculture. The results obtained showed that the frequency of aberrant cells increased with the preservation time on the in vitro cultures and their accumulation rate depended on the genotype. Were identified interphases with micronuclei, metaphases with retarded chromosomes, ana-telophases with chromosomal bridges, retarded chromosomes and chromosomal fragments, but their percentage was low in all the genotypes.

scholarly journals Detection of viruses of Bangladeshi and Japanese garlic and their elimination through root meristem culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Haque ◽  
K Hattori
Keyword(s):  
Root Meristem ◽  
Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Virus Elimination ◽  
Root Meristems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

A number of viruses cause considerable yield loss and quality deterioration in garlic. Root meristems of virus infected plants are known to be free from detectable viruses. This potentiality could be exploited to obtain virus free clones at a high frequency by culturing excised root meristems in vitro. We have developed efficient methods of direct and somatic embryo derived shoot regeneration from root meristems of garlic. The objectives of this work were to detect viruses infecting Bangladeshi and Japanese garlic clones and find an easy and efficient method of eliminating the viruses for the improvement of both yield and quality of garlic. At first, we confirmed the presence of detectable viruses in three Bangladeshi and one Japanese clones. The clones were infected with four different types of viruses: Garlic viruses (GarVs), Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV), and Garlic common latent virus (GCLV). To eliminate those viruses, as per our previous method, root meristems were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 µM NAA and 10.0 µM BA. Shoot primordia developed from the cultured explants within 1 month. The regenerated individual shoot buds (2-5 mm) were separated from the mother explants and transferred to growth regulators free medium. RT-PCR confirmed that the viruses present in the mother garlic plants were absent in the shoots found after two-step culture. The regenerated shoots were rooted on growth regulator free medium and transferred to pots. Results indicated that the plants remained free from LYSV. Virus elimination through root meristem culture emerged as an efficient novel technique for the eradication of multiple viruses as confirmed by RT-PCR in this study. This technique has the potential for the production and supply of virus free propagules (plants/bulblets) for the yield and quality improvement of garlic.Progressive Agriculture 28 (2): 55-63, 2017

scholarly journals Influence of climatic conditions of the introduction period and varietal characteristics of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) on the effectiveness of culture initiation in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
T.M. Khromova ◽  
L.V. Tashmatova ◽  
O.V. Matsneva ◽  
V.V. Shakhov
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
One Year

The article presents data from the effectiveness studies of the initial introduction stage of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) into in vitro culture depending on the introduction period and the corresponding climatic conditions. The research objects were varieties of black currants selected by the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding: Azhurnaya, Orlovskaya serenada, Ocharovanie, Chudnoye mgnovenye. The introduction into in vitro culture was carried out in several periods characterized by different physiological states of the explants: the period of dormancy release (mid-March), the period of active growth (June), and the period of growth decay (mid-September). The source material in the spring and autumn periods were the buds of one-year stiffened shoots, in the summer introduction period - the buds of growing green shoots. The cultivation was carried out on Murashige-Skoog medium supplemented with 6-BAP (0.5 mg/l). It was noted that the survival rate of explants is determined by the physiological state of the source material due to the corresponding agro-climatic conditions during the introduction period, as well as the genotypic characteristics of the varieties. Thus, explants isolated during the active growing season are characterized by a higher and more stable survival rate. When explants were cultivated in spring and autumn, the physiological state of the explants and their survival rate were influenced by the genotypic response of varieties to the corresponding agroclimatic conditions.

scholarly journals The effect of media composition on multiplication of grape rootstocks in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Břetislav Křižan ◽  
Eva Ondrušiková ◽  
Jana Moudrá
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Embryogenic Calluses ◽  
Murashige Skoog

The current demand for in vitro cultures of grape rootstocks, not only for mass production of plants, but also for genetic engineering is evident. The study on micropropagation of grape rootstock genotypes namely Kober 5BB, Kober 125AA and Teleki 5C was performed. The aim of the study was to develop an optimized protocol to obtain large quantity of plant material. Protocol is based on regeneration via organogenesis, considering that grape embryogenic calluses are laborious to establish and the genotype of the regenerated plants can be altered. Using of Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut media for the establishing of proliferating cultures gave better results than Murashige Skoog media in case of all used rootstocks. Subsequent cultivation on modified Murashige Skoog media with 1-naphtalene acetic acid and increased concentration of cytokynin was characterized by multiplication of cultures and formation of clusters with high multiplication capability. The clusters obtained from rootstock genotypes were suitable for mass propagation as well as for genetic transformation due to their high ability of regeneration.

Growth and morphogenesis in short-term nodal cultures of an apple rootstock in vitro

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2299-2304
Author(s):  
G. S. Hicks ◽  
A. Nair
Keyword(s):  
No Reduction ◽  
Axillary Buds ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Optimal Development ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Bud Growth ◽  
Cold Hardy

Nodal cultures of a cold-hardy apple rootstock were inoculated and grown for 18 days on Murashige – Skoog medium supplemented with benzylaminopurine (BAP). The axillary buds (primary buds) require benzylaminopurine at 0.1 or 1.0 mg L−1 for optimal development as measured by the increase of fresh and dry weights, frequency of buds with expanded leaves, and development of new (secondary) buds from microscopic axillaries on the primary bud. Growth of the original axillary bud was reduced in the absence of the single subtending leaf, but there was no reduction in bud growth when BAP was supplied during the first 3 days. However, secondary bud growth required both the continuous supply of 1.0 mg L−1 BAP and the presence of the subtending leaf.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Virginia Sweetspire (Itea virginica ‘Henry's Garnet’)

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-208
Author(s):  
Jon T. Lindstrom ◽  
Matthew C. Pelto
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
One Year

Abstract The woody shrub, Itea virginica L., Virginia sweetspire, has recently increased in popularity due to its multiple seasons of interest in the landscape. In this study, we investigated micropropagation as a means to produce this plant. Combinations of BA (1, 4, and 10 μM) and NAA (0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 μM) were evaluated for in vitro shoot induction in Itea virginica L. ‘Henry's Garnet’ on a Murashige and Skoog medium. The best combination of BA and NAA (4 μM and 0.1 μM) yielded an average of 7.9 microshoots per explant for ‘Henry's Garnet’. When dipped in a common auxin-containing, commercial rooting formulation, microshoots rooted ex vitro within four weeks. Tissue-culture produced plantlets of I. virginica ‘Henry's Garnet’ flowered one year after removal from culture.

scholarly journals Regeneration of plants from leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ram. cv. Bronze Bornholm in in vitro cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelia Ślusarkiewicz-Jarzina ◽  
Maciej Zenkteler ◽  
Barbara Podlewska
Keyword(s):  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Suitable Medium ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Plants were obtained from cultured in vitro leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ram. cv. Bronze Bornholm. The leaves were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with cytokinins (kinetin - KIN, zeatin - ZEA, 6-benzyloaminopurine - BAP) and auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - 2,4-D, α-naphtaleneacetic acid - NAA, 3-indolilacetic acid - IAA, p-fluorophenylalanine - PFA) in various combinations and concentra-tions. The most suitable medium was that one which contained 4 mg/l KIN, 2 mg/l NAA and 50 mg/l PFA.

scholarly journals USE OF IN VITRO TECHNIQUES TO OVERCOME INCOMPATIBILITY IN SWEETPOTATO

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 490b-490
Author(s):  
Salvador Rojas ◽  
Paul G. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Immature Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Good Germination

To develop In vitro techniques to overcome incompatibility in sweetpotato the cross and self incompatible cultivars Regal and MD-708 were cross pollinated and also crossed with the compatible `Vardaman'. Observation of pollen behavior in different crosses after 3, 7, and 24 hours, showed good germination and tube development in compatible crosses, but no germination in incompatibles. In a preliminary experiment using embryo rescue techniques plants were produced only from compatible crosses at 25 and 30 days after pollination. In subsequent experiments, immature embryos were rescued when cultured 15 days after pollination. The highest percentage of rescued embryos resulted from Murashige-Skoog medium. Intraovarian, stigmatic and placental in vitro fertilization were investigated to overcome incompatibility. Embryos were not formed from any of those methods, but callus was produced with placental pollination.

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