Germination Characteristics and Dynamic Changes of Antioxidant Enzymes during Storage of Viola dissecta Pollen

Knowledge about pollen ultra-morphology, storage characteristics and germination rate are essential for directional plant breeding and plant improvement. The objective of this study was to determine a suitable medium for pollen germination in vitro of Viola dissecta and to evaluate the effect of different storage temperatures on its pollen longevity. The pollen ultra-morphology of V. dissecta was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the suitable medium for pollen germination in vitro was determined by orthogonal test. Dried pollen of V. dissecta was stored at different temperatures (room temperature, 4, -20 and -80°C) and different storage times (24, 40, 72, 120, 184, 264 and 365 d), the germination rate of the stored pollen and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT were investigated. Pollen grains of V. dissecta were medium-sized with three germination ditches. The surface ornamentation was smooth with small grains set on the surface, which was different from Viola spp. pollen. The most suitable medium for V. dissecta was composed of 285 g•L-1 sucrose, 6 g•L-1 agar, 50 mg•L-1 GA3, 250 mg•L-1 boric acid, and 200 mg•L-1 Ca(NO3)2, The best storage temperature of pollen was -80oC, after 365 d of storage, the germination rate was still 57.86%. During storage, the pollen germination rate decreased significantly after the peak of the activities of the three antioxidant enzymes. Correlation analysis showed that SOD was major factor affecting the germination rate of V. dissecta pollen, and it has a significant positive correlation with pollen germination rate, followed by CAT and POD. SOD was a sensitive antioxidant enzyme at room temperature, 4 and -80°C, whereas at -20°C, both SOD and CAT were sensitive antioxidant enzymes. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers © 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers©

The changes of LD-PE films after exposure in different media

This work deals with the study of polymers, and, in particular, polyethylene; its production, types, properties, and usage. The experimental part evaluates the changes of properties of the polyethylene film to be reused under various exposure conditions and selection of the most suitable medium for its application. The film made of low-density polyethylene (LD-PE) was influenced by aggressive media with different pH, specifically Savo for the disinfection, Savo as a Saponate for dish washing and Coca-Cola. On LD-PE films the water absorption and melting temperature evaluation tests were performed. Carried out tests show that the most aggressive medium for LD-PE film from used media is Coca-Cola. The most effective application of LD-PE film like wrapping on container transported is the Savo used as a Saponate for dish washing.

RUNNER-TIP CULTURE OF STRAWBERRY (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) GROWN ON SEVERAL SHOOT-INDUCTION MEDIUM

A research regarding “Runner-tip culture of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) Grown on Several Shoot-induction Medium” has been investigated. The objective of the research was to find out the most suitable medium for shoot production from runner-tip culture of strawberry at establishment step of micropropagation. The research was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design, 4 treatments of medium type for shoot induction and 10 replication, each was represented by one (1) bottle with 6-8 explants. The treatments were summarized as follows: T1 = MS ; T2 = MS + 2 ppm BAP + 0.01 ppm NAA; T3 = MS + 1 ppm of TDZ; T4 = WPM + 2 ppm BAP + 0.01 ppm NAA. The parameters observed were days of the bud emergence, the average number of shoots per explant, and the average number of leaves per explant. It can be concluded that among medium used in the current research, the medium of MS added with 1 ppm thidiazuron (TDZ) was the most suitable medium for shoot production of strawberry from the explant of runner-tips. The treatment was resulted in the earliest time of bud emergence, and producing the highest number of shoots and leaves.

Venationes y poder en la Roma imperial: poesía panegírica y crítica

This article presents through selected passages the role played in Imperial Poetry by the theme venatio within a panegyrical or satirical discourse. It will offer a brief definition as well as a summary of the historical development of the venationes, considered as official spectacles in the arena in which wild animals fought with each other or were chased. The difference between venatio and cynegetic in poetry will also be discussed. Hence, the political importance of these spectacles will be clarified. The aim is thus an exposition of how different authors deal with this phenomenon in a positive or negative way, and show how poetry that thematizes the venatio partly through philosophical concepts proves itself as a suitable medium for this kind of representation. Some passages from Calpurnius Siculus’ seventh ecloga, and Martial’s Liber spectaculorum will play a central role, as well as some epigrams from his liber primus, Statius’ Silva, 2, 5, and finally, some passage from Juvenal’s fourth and tenth Saturae.

A Study on Trust in Media and its Relationship with Interest and Exposure of Advertising

Consumers receive numerous advertising messages from both online and offline media. Online media are becoming popular because they are convenient and easy to access although users may not trust them as much as the offline media. A total of 109 respondents participated in a survey on their interest and trust in various online and offline media. There are diverse attitudes to different online media. Facebook (as an example of social media) and official webpages (as examples of owned media) are the most interesting and trusted online media while blogs (as examples of informal diary style textual posts) and eBay (as an example of e-commerce platform) are the least interesting and trusted online media. In addition, trust and interest in media are found to be moderately correlated. Thus, consumers feel interested in advertising on trusted media. Besides, the result of the perceived truthiness test with 92 subjects reveals that repeated exposure to product information cannot increase the degree of trust in advertising messages. To choose a suitable medium for advertising is more important than increasing the frequency of advertising.

Del teatro al cine: sobre el concepto de adaptación y sus transformaciones

From the origins of cinema, the relationship between theater and the moving image has been persistent. It has also been problematic in several ways. Theatre seemed a particularly suitable medium to provide film with plots, as well as actors and a sense of staging. The two media proximity has caused many misunderstandings and not a few headaches to writers, producers and film directors. The aim of this article is to trace different options for film adaptations of theatrical texts and also to understand the problems posed in several films by Orson Welles, Roman Polanski, Louis Malle, Peter Brook, and Ingmar Bergman.