scholarly journals Relationships among Morphological Characters, Isozymes Polymorphism and DNA Variability – the Impact on Lactuca Germplasm Taxonomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Doležalová ◽  
A. Lebeda ◽  
M. Dziechciarková ◽  
E. Křístková ◽  
D. Astley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Content ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Dapi Staining ◽  
Lactuca Species ◽  
Relative Dna Content ◽  
The Impact

Fifty one accessions of nineteen Lactuca species, the hybrid L. serriola × L. sativa and the related species Mycelis muralis were evaluated for morphological variability, esterase (EST) polymorphism, Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and relative DNA content. Sixteen Lactuca accessions were classified taxonomically on the basis of morphology, isozyme analysis and AFLP. Twenty-eight bands (isoforms) of EST were recorded allowing 82% of accessions to be distinguished. The relative DNA content, measured using flow-cytometry (DAPI staining), ranged from 2.02 pg in L. capensis to 17.96 pg in L. canadensis. The results from AFLP analysis and the relative DNA content measurement corresponded well with recent taxonomic classification of the genus Lactuca.  

scholarly journals Isolates of Verticillium dahliae Pathogenic to Crucifers Are of at Least Three Distinct Molecular Types

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Collins ◽  
C. Ada N. Okoli ◽  
Anne Morton ◽  
David Parry ◽  
Simon G. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Aflp Analysis

Diverse isolates of the soilborne wilt fungi Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum were studied to understand the nature and origins of those infecting cruciferous hosts. All isolates from cruciferous crops produced microsclerotia, and the majority produced long conidia with a high nuclear DNA content; these isolates were divided into two groups by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. One group could be subdivided by other criteria such as rRNA sequences and mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Two crucifer isolates were short spored and had a low nuclear DNA content. The results are consistent with the crucifer isolates being interspecific hybrids. The long-spored isolates are best regarded as amphihaploids (or allodiploids) with the AFLP groups probably each representing separate interspecific hybridization events. The short-spored crucifer isolates appear to be derived from interspecific hybrids and are here called ‘secondary haploids’. Molecular evidence suggests that one parent in the crosses was similar to V. dahliae. The other parent of the amphihaploids seems to have been more similar to V. albo-atrum than to V. dahliae, but was distinct from all isolates of either species so far studied. The implications for the taxonomy of crucifer isolates are discussed and the use of the name V. longisporum, proposed elsewhere for just some of these isolates, is discouraged.

scholarly journals Taxonomic problems in the subgenus Meloehelea Wirth of the genus Atrichopogon Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) inferred from both morphological and molecular characters

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Tóthová ◽  
Jan Knoz ◽  
Radim Sonnek ◽  
Josef Bryja ◽  
Jaromír Vaňhara
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
European Species ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
16S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Characters

The classification of Meloehelea (Ceratopogonidae) species is based on morphological characters. The taxonomic revision of generally well-known species recovered interesting facts on possible geographic intraspecific variability or on the presence of an additional valid species. In this study, 5 European species and 2 species from the U.S.A. and Canada have been compared based on their morphological characters. Subsequently, the 16S rDNA sequences analyses of well known European species have been performed to confirm the characters mentioned in the determination key ofthis subgenus. Although, this study was limited by the number of examined non-European specimens, it provides some interesting facts on the possible morphological variability of well-known species and also an initial phylogenetic backbone for the progressive reconstruction of infrageneric relationships within the genus Atrichopogon.

Genomic Relations among Two Non-mangrove and Nine Mangrove Species of Indian Rhizophoraceae

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 572-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arup Kumar Mukherjee ◽  
Laxmikanta Acharya ◽  
Pratap Chandra Panda ◽  
Trilochan Mohapatra ◽  
Premananda Das
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Genomic Relationship ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
High Degree

AbstractRandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to study the genomic relationship among 11 members of Indian Rhizophoraceae represented by nine true mangroves and two non-mangrove species. The AFLP and RAPD bands were scored and analyzed for genetic similarities and cluster analysis was done which separated the 11 species studied into two main groups, the true mangroves and the non-mangroves. The polymorphism observed for these markers showed a high degree of genetic diversity among the constituent taxa of the family. The phylogenetic relationship inferred from molecular marker systems supported the traditional taxonomic classification of the family Rhizophoraceae based on morphological characters at the levels of tribe, phylogeny and delimitation of genera and species, except the intra-generic classification of the genus Bruguiera and the placement of Rhizophora in the family Rhizophoraceae.

scholarly journals Description of morphological characters of wild Lactuca L. spp. genetic resources (English-Czech version)

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 56-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Doležalová ◽  
E. Křístková ◽  
A. Lebeda ◽  
V. Vinter
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Infraspecific Variation ◽  
Wild Lettuce ◽  
Lactuca Species

Of about 100 Lactuca species, there are only 22 represented in world gene bank collections. The description of morphological and other important features of wild lettuce accessions and a correct taxonomic ranging increase their potential successful utilization. A broad study of 22 wild Lactuca species, their morphology, anatomy, karyology, DNA content and isozyme variation, and a search of large number of literature sources (description keys, floras, monographs) provided a base for an elaboration of a descriptor set. This set consists of 88 descriptors and 24 of them are elucidated by figures. It provides a tool for Lactuca species characterization and determination and for a discrimination of an infraspecific variation. Obtained data can be used for description of wild Lactuca genetic resources and also for research purposes.

scholarly journals Morphological variability of Betula pendula Roth leaves under conditions of technogenic transformation of the environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Tatyana Valerievna Zhuikova ◽  
Anastasia Sergeevna Popova ◽  
Eleonora Vasilievna Meling
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Integration ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Pointed Apex ◽  
The Impact

The paper analyzes morphological characters variability of Betula pendula Roth leaves growing in the gradient of technogenic soil transformation. Biological material was collected in natural phytocoenoses and in the Pritagilskaya zone of the Middle Urals technogenically contaminated with heavy metals. In the gradient under study, a change in the shape of the leaf blade is observed: it is rounded, the base is straightened and the top is stretched. The sizes of leaf blades of Betula pendula are smaller under conditions of an average level of pollution than in the background and maximum polluted areas. The largest leaves are typical for B. pendula from the most polluted area. In the studied gradient of the technogenic transformation of the environment, four types of leaf blades forms were distinguished: 1) ovate with a rounded-wedge-shaped base and with a pointed apex; 2) triangular-broadly ovate with a rounded-wedge-shaped base and a pointed apex; 3) triangular-broadly ovate with a truncated base and a pointed apex; 4) triangular-broadly ovate with a truncated base and an elongated pointed apex. By the factor analysis the authors have identified the factors that explain 60% of the total variance of the leaf shape trait. The variables have large factor loads for the first factor (length and width of the leaf blade, length of the petiole, the distance from the tip of the leaf blade to the widest part) (42%) and smaller loads for the second one (leaf index) (18%). On the basis of these features, a discriminant analysis was carried out, the results of which indicate that the leaves of plants from the impact area differ from the rest. On the basis of the ratio of the general and consistent variability, morphological features were identified that are ecological indicators the distance between the bases of the first-second and second-third lateral veins of the first order, the distance from the widest part to the base of the leaf blade, IF (shape index sheet). The high overall and low consistent variability of these characteristics is determined to a greater extent by the influence of environmental factors. The analysis of changes patterns in the level of leaves morphological integration in the gradient of soils technogenic transformation showed that Betula pendula is characterized by a protective-stress developmental strategy.

Genetic and morphological variability in populations of the wild diploid potato species Solanum maglia and Solanum kurtzianum from Argentina

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Marfil ◽  
Natalia B. Pigni ◽  
Elsa L. Camadro ◽  
Ricardo W. Masuelli
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wild Potato Species ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Taxonomic Concept ◽  
Solanum Kurtzianum ◽  
Solanum Maglia

Solanum maglia Schltdl., a wild potato species that has its widest geographical distribution in Chile, is restricted in Argentina to Quebrada La Cumbre (quebrada = gorge), Mendoza province, where no other potato species has been reported. During two collecting expeditions carried out in 2006 and 2007 in this gorge, tubers of two potato populations separated by 500 m (area 1 and 2) were sampled. The morphological and genetic diversity of these two newly sampled populations and of five accessions from the same gorge classified as S. maglia, a plant of Solanum kurtzianum collected outside this gorge, and a Chilean plant of S. maglia were examined by comparing 24 morphological characters and electrophoretic patterns for simple sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, respectively. Based on the current taxonomic concept, the results support the classification of plants from area 1 as S. kurtzianum and those from area 2 as S. maglia, except for one plant from the former area, which shared electrophoretic bands from both species. This is the first report on the sympatry of populations of the two species in Quebrada La Cumbre. The importance of performing in situ population studies in the same sites over years is discussed.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY AND INTRASPECIES CLASSIFICATION OF PUMKIN (Cucurbita moschata (Duch. ex Lam.) Duch. ex Poir.) BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Purnomo _ ◽  
Budi Setiadi Daryono ◽  
Maulidya Beta Sentori
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Fruit Flesh ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Cultivar Groups

<p>Pumpkin (C. moschata) is minor cultivated plant has morphological variability, that is. important data illustrate the genetic variability. Morphological variation data of of pumpkin can be used for intraspecies classification and conservation. The relationship of cultivar groups of pumpkin also as important data for pumpkin cultivation. The objectives of this study are to determine variability and intraspecies classification of pumpkin in Yogyakarta and around area based on morphological characters. Cultivar accession are collected from Yogyakarta, and Kopeng also Salatiga central Java as operational taxonomic units (OTU’s). Character scoring based on IPGRI of pumpkin with soft modification. Morphological similarity is calculated based on presence and absence characters, and cluster analysis is conducted by UPGMA method to create dendrogram to determine morphological variability and intraspecies classification of pumpkin based on morphological similarity. The result study shows, that there are 3 fruit shapes, namely giant, globular, and oblong with lobes or not. Pumpkin also has yellow and orange colors fruit flesh. The taste of fruit flesh are sweet or not. Based on Dendrogram pumpkin is classified into 3 group cultivars: lowland group with standard fruit shape, highland with standard fruit shape, and giant cultivar groups. Morphological variability of pumpkin in Yogyakarta and around areas indicate on fruit shape, fruit size, fruit color, and taste of fruit flesh, with morphological similarity coefficient 0,55-0,88.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: C. moschata, cultivar, morphological variability, intraspecies classification, phenetic relationship.</p>

Three new species, two new genera, and new family Biphragmosagittidae (Сhaetognatha) from Southwest Pacific Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-173
Author(s):  
A.P. Kassatkina
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Order ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

Resuming published and own data, a revision of classification of Chaetognatha is presented. The family Sagittidae Claus & Grobben, 1905 is given a rank of subclass, Sagittiones, characterised, in particular, by the presence of two pairs of sac-like gelatinous structures or two pairs of fins. Besides the order Aphragmophora Tokioka, 1965, it contains the new order Biphragmosagittiformes ord. nov., which is a unique group of Chaetognatha with an unusual combination of morphological characters: the transverse muscles present in both the trunk and the tail sections of the body; the seminal vesicles simple, without internal complex compartments; the presence of two pairs of lateral fins. The only family assigned to the new order, Biphragmosagittidae fam. nov., contains two genera. Diagnoses of the two new genera, Biphragmosagitta gen. nov. (type species B. tarasovi sp. nov. and B. angusticephala sp. nov.) and Biphragmofastigata gen. nov. (type species B. fastigata sp. nov.), detailed descriptions and pictures of the three new species are presented.

ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN CIVIL PROCESS

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Alexandr Neznamov
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Civil Process ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
The Impact

Digital technologies are no longer the future but are the present of civil proceedings. That is why any research in this direction seems to be relevant. At the same time, some of the fundamental problems remain unattended by the scientific community. One of these problems is the problem of classification of digital technologies in civil proceedings. On the basis of instrumental and genetic approaches to the understanding of digital technologies, it is concluded that their most significant feature is the ability to mediate the interaction of participants in legal proceedings with information; their differentiating feature is the function performed by a particular technology in the interaction with information. On this basis, it is proposed to distinguish the following groups of digital technologies in civil proceedings: a) technologies of recording, storing and displaying (reproducing) information, b) technologies of transferring information, c) technologies of processing information. A brief description is given to each of the groups. Presented classification could serve as a basis for a more systematic discussion of the impact of digital technologies on the essence of civil proceedings. Particularly, it is pointed out that issues of recording, storing, reproducing and transferring information are traditionally more «technological» for civil process, while issues of information processing are more conceptual.

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