&nbsp;Organic and inorganic nitrogen in precipitation and in forest throughfall at B&iacute;l&yacute; Kř&iacute;ž site (Beskydy Mts., Czech Republic)

Organic nitrogen is an important but yet not very well explored component of nitrogen deposition. In this study concentrations and fluxes of organic and inorganic nitrogen in bulk precipitation in an open field (BOF) and in throughfall (THR) were evaluated at the Bílý Kříž experimental site (Moravian-Silesian Beskydy Mts., Czech Republic, 908 m a.s.l.) with a young Norway spruce stand. The results of a two-year study (2008 and 2009) were compared with the results obtained during the same time period on forest plots included in ICP Forests Programme in the Czech Republic. Total nitrogen deposition in BOF at the Bílý Kříž site amounted to about 918 mg·m–2·a–1, the contribution of organic nitrogen was about 8%. Total nitrogen flux with THR at Bílý Kříž was about 1,305 mg·m–2·a–1 during the studied years and organic N accounted for 12% of this amount. The ranges of the two-year average values found for total nitrogen flux on ICP Forests plots throughout the Czech Republic were as follows: 759–1,857 mg N·m–2·a–1 with 7–38% contribution of organic N in BOF and 928–3,816 mg N·m–2·a–1 with 7–20% contribution of organic N in THR. The share of organic nitrogen in THR nitrogen fluxes at Bílý Kříž proved clear seasonality with maxima in July. A highly significant correlation between N-NH4+   and N-NO3–   concentrations in BOF suggested the common anthropogenic source of these substances at the Bílý Kříž site. No significant correlation was found either between organic N and N-NH4+ or between organic N and N-NO3– concentrations in BOF. Cumulative deposition charts showed different behaviour of particular nitrogen deposition components while passing through the canopy.

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Organic nitrogen in precipitation across Europe

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-9-8093-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 8093-8109 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. N. Cape ◽

Y. S. Tang ◽

J. González-Benítez ◽

M. Mitošinková ◽

U. Makkonen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Wet Deposition ◽

Organic Nitrogen ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

N Deposition ◽

Organic N ◽

Single Source ◽

Total N ◽

Nitrogen Budgets ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations

Abstract. Measurements of total nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen in precipitation samples from NitroEurope sites across Europe permit the calculation of organic nitrogen concentrations and wet deposition, by difference. The contribution of organic N to total N in precipitation ranged from only a few % to around 40% across sites from Northern Finland to Italy, similar to results from previous individual studies. This paper presents the absolute and relative contributions of organic N to wet N deposition across Europe, and examines seasonal trends. There were only weak correlations with other solutes in precipitation. These simple statistics indicate that sources of organic N in precipitation vary across Europe, and that no single source is responsible. The organic N contributes to total N deposition, yet this input is rarely quantified in nitrogen budgets.

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Organic nitrogen in precipitation across Europe

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-9-4401-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 4401-4409 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J. N. Cape ◽

Y. S. Tang ◽

J. M. González-Ben&iacute;ez ◽

M. Mitošinková ◽

U. Makkonen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Wet Deposition ◽

Organic Nitrogen ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

N Deposition ◽

Organic N ◽

Single Source ◽

Total N ◽

Nitrogen Budgets ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations

Abstract. Measurements of total nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen in precipitation samples from NitroEurope sites across Europe permit the calculation of organic nitrogen concentrations and wet deposition, by difference. The contribution of organic N to total N in precipitation ranged from only a few % to around 40% across 18 sites from northern Finland to Italy, similar to results from previous individual studies. This paper presents the absolute and relative contributions of organic N to wet N deposition across Europe, and examines seasonal trends. There were only weak correlations with other solutes in precipitation. These simple statistics indicate that sources of organic N in precipitation vary across Europe, and that no single source is responsible. The organic N contributes to total N deposition, yet this input is rarely quantified in nitrogen budgets.

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The effect of the reunification of Germany on the water chemistry and ecology of selected rivers

Environmental Conservation ◽

10.1017/s0376892900038236 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 35-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Michael S. Adams ◽

Hartmut Kausch ◽

Thomas Gaumert ◽

Karl-Ernst Krüger

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Water Chemistry ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Chlorinated Hydrocarbons ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Bed Sediments ◽

Potash Mining ◽

River Bed ◽

Substantial Decline

SummaryWe review several studies and provide new data previously unpublished to show that there has been a substantial decline in pollution of German riverine waters since the beginning of German political reunification in 1989. This reduction is notable in the Elbe, which originates in eastern Germany and the Czech Republic. Pollutants such as many of the chlorinated hydrocarbons have fallen substantially in concentration, while others such as arsenic have declined only slightly. Total nitrogen has declined by only a small amount, but ammonium has fallen substantially, while nitrates have increased. Nitrification is no longer a significant drain on oxygen in the tidal stretch of the Elbe, but decomposition of algae from the middle Elbe is now a greater problem in the lower Elbe. The river-bed sediments of the middle Elbe have a higher species diversity. Fisheries are improving, and concentrations of pollutants in fish such as eel and bream have declined significantly. The river Werra has also improved in quality due to reduction in salt loadings from earlier potash mining.

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The Fluvisol and sediment trace element contamination level as related to their geogenic and anthropogenic source

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/723/2012-pse ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 136-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Vácha ◽

M. Sáňka ◽

O. Sáňka ◽

J. Skála ◽

J. Čechmánková

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Trace Element ◽

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽

The Other ◽

Anthropogenic Source ◽

Contamination Level ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Support Tool ◽

Soil Load ◽

Definition Of

The upper values of the extractability of trace elements (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in 2 mol/L HNO3 and 0.025 mol/L ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (compared with their pseudototal content in aqua regia) for determination of prevailing anthropogenic and geogenic soil load were proposed and compared with the results of the other 30 Fluvisol samples collected from the Labe fluvial zone. The increased geogenic load of Fluvisols was confirmed in the case of Be and As in some localities where low extractability with increased pseudototal contents were detected as opposed to the other elements when their increased pseudototal contents were followed by their increased extractability. The maps of probability of increased geogenic soil load in the area of the Czech Republic based on the comparison of geological substrates and trace element load were constructed. The combination of proposed elements extractability values for geogenic load together with developed maps is a suitable tool for the definition of prevailing Fluvisol or sediment load on some localities in the whole area of the Czech Republic. The results can be also a useful tool in the decision making processes regarding dredged sediment application on agricultural soil (support tool for legislative norms, Direction No. 257/2009 Sb.).

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Development of forest stands condition and its monitoring in the Czech Republic

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/4649-jfs ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 514-519 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Fabiánek ◽

V. Henžlík ◽

K. Vančura

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Czech Republic ◽

General Information ◽

Forest Damage ◽

Candidate Country ◽

Pollution Effects ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Icp Forests ◽

Air Pollution Effects ◽

Assessment And Monitoring

In 1986, the UN ECE established the International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (hereinafter ICP Forests) to respond on the growing concern about forest damage caused since the beginning of eighties by air pollution load. Pan-European grid of the (ICP Forests) monitoring plots represents one of the most important systems of forest ecosystems assessing and checking. The Czech Republic is unfortunately well known due to this problem and so the country joined ICP Forest Programme since the very beginning. The paper presents general information on Czech forest stand condition that gained through various methods in the past as well as in the frame of ICP Forests. The participation in the International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests) represents a contribution of the EU candidate country to the fulfillment of the Reg. (EEC) No. 3528/86. However it seems that effects and importance of air pollution are decreasing, a lot of new stress situations exists and there is a need for continuing the programme.

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Rapid determinations of dissolved inorganic and organic nitrogen in soil leachate using mid-infrared spectroscopy

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1139/cjss-2019-0116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (4) ◽

pp. 579-583

Author(s):

X.M. Yang ◽

C.F. Drury ◽

W. Xu ◽

M. Reeb ◽

T. Oloya

Keyword(s):

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Organic Nitrogen ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Organic N ◽

Inorganic N ◽

Soil Leachate ◽

Total N ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Mid Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Dissolved Nitrogen

Mid-infrared spectroscopy in the transmission mode was used to predict inorganic nitrogen (N), organic N, and total N in soil leachate. The developed predictions were accurate and robust for total N, NH4+, NO3−, inorganic N (NH4+ + NO3−), and organic N (total N − inorganic N) with high determination coefficients (R2 = 96.7 − 99.0) and residual prediction deviation (RPD = 5.47 − 9.96). The proposed method simultaneously estimates the concentrations of dissolved nitrogen species in soil leachates accurately and with significant savings in time, cost, and chemicals relevant to conventional methods.

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Forest detritus and cycling of nitrogen in a mountain lake

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x91-136 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 990-998 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Robert C. Wissmar

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Dissolved Organic Nitrogen ◽

Organic Nitrogen ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Mountain Lake ◽

Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Microbial Oxidation ◽

Nitrogen Fluxes ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Definition Of

Small lakes of forested watersheds can receive large subsidies of forest matter, but little is known about the material's role in the cycling of nutrients within these ecosystems. This paper examines the influence of detritus and dissolved nitrogen from a forest on the nitrogen cycle of a small subalpine lake in the Cascade Mountains of Washington during the ice-free period (98 days). Relationships between changing detrital microbial biomass, oxygen uptake rates, and water conditions indicate that dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations and water temperatures control the decomposition of the nitrogen-depleted detritus. The microbial respiration rates suggest the probable co-occurrence of several microbial oxidation and reduction reactions that could be cycling nitrogen in oxic–anoxic interfaces of detrital deposits, sediments, and riparian areas. Estimates of nitrogen gains and losses (3 and 7%, respectively) by forest detritus are low in comparison with total nitrogen uptake and releases within the lake during the study period (378 and 347 mg•m−2, respectively) and point to the need to examine other methods for measuring detrital nitrogen fluxes. The total nitrogen input to the lake (2600 mg•m−2 for the study period) from the watershed exceeds the lake output (2120 mg•m−2 for the study period). The low output of total nitrogen appears to be due to retention of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and particulate organic nitrogen within the lake. Most dissolved inorganic nitrogen retained is nitrate suggesting possible losses through denitrification. Dissolved organic nitrogen is the major proportion of the total nitrogen fluxes, but related mass balance errors indicate the need for further definition of both the sources and fates of dissolved organic nitrogen for the ecosystem.

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Nitrogen removal and cycling in restored wetlands used as filters of nutrients for agricultural runoff

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1997.0211 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 255-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Francisco A. Comín ◽

Jose A. Romero ◽

Valeria Astorga ◽

Carmen García

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Dissolved Organic Nitrogen ◽

Organic Nitrogen ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Growing Season ◽

Agricultural Runoff ◽

Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Restored Wetlands ◽

Irrigation Network

Four restored wetlands dominated by Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia and Scirpus lacustris were used to improve the quality of agricultural runoff in the Delta of the Ebro River (NE Spain) in 1993. The wetlands were continuously flooded with water from a ricefield irrigation network during the growing season and received water with between 0-270 mg m−2d−1 of total nitrogen, 29-105 mg m−2d−1 of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and 0-27 mg m−2d−1 of dissolved organic nitrogen. Surface outflows contained between 0-80 mg m−2d−1 of total nitrogen, 0-12 mg m−2d−1 of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and 1-19 mg m−2d−1 of dissolved organic nitrogen. The nitrogen retention efficiency was close to 100% of the input, except for dissolved organic nitrogen at the end of the growing season. The denitrification rates measured by the acetylene reduction in the sediment ranged between 0 and 3.46 mg N m−2 d−1 and represented between 0 and 12% of the inflowing dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Emergent macrophytes accumulated between 20 and 100 mg N m−2 d−1, which accounts for between 66 and 100% of the inflowing dissolved inorganic nitrogen. The wetland sediment accumulated between 111 and 250 mg N m−2 d−1 during the six month growing season. The removal rate constants calculated according to a first - order plug - flow kinetics, were between 0.01-0.075 m d−1 for total nitrogen and 0.01-0.3 m d−1 for dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Plant uptake, detritus accumulation and decomposition, and nitrogen recycling in the sediment are major processes for nitrogen retention and recycling in the wetlands. This type of wetlands, restored from ricefields, act as highly efficient water polishing filters for agricultural runoff and, at the same time, can contribute to increase the habitat biodiversity of large areas where rice is cultivated extensively.

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Sulphur and nitrogen concentrations and fluxes in bulk precipitation and throughfall in the mountain and highland spruce stands in the Czech Republic

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/99/2009-jfs ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 429-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. Drápelová ◽

L. Menšík ◽

J. Kulhavý ◽

I. Marková

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Compounds ◽

Bulk Precipitation ◽

Sulphur Deposition ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Spruce Stands ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Total Inorganic Nitrogen

Concentrations and fluxes of sulphur and nitrogen compounds in bulk precipitation and in throughfall were evaluated and compared for two experimental sites in the Czech Republic: one situated at Rájec (Drahanská upland, 610 m a.s.l.) and the second one at Bílý Kříž (Moravian-Silesian Beskids, 908 m a.s.l.) both with similar stands of young Norway spruce. The three-year study performed during 2006–2008, revealed statistically significant differences in nitrate nitrogen concentrations in bulk precipitations and in ammonium nitrogen concentrations both in bulk precipitation and in throughfall between the two sites. Higher nitrogen compounds concentrations in bulk precipitation were found at Rájec. Differences between the two sites in sulphur concentrations were not found out neither in bulk precipitation nor in throughfall waters. Total sulphur deposition amounted to 8.1, 8.3 and 6.7 kg S·ha–1 at Rájec and to 14.8, 16.9 and 15.4 kg S·ha–1 at Beskids for the three years studied, respectively. Total inorganic nitrogen throughfall flux amounted to 12.1, 11.6 and 11.6 at Rájec and 13.8, 18.9 and 15.0 kg·ha–1 at Bílý Kříž for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively.

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