Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil, insecticidal emulsion and insecticidal gel against Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

The efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil, insecticidal emulsion (garlic extract, plant detergent soap and food additive) and insecticidal gel (plant oil and plant extracts) to control the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella, was examined in laboratory conditions 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after treatments. Leaves of citrus with second and third instars of leafminer larvae were used in all experimental tests. There were significant differences in larvae mortality between control and treatments (P < 0.0001), but no significant differences were found among treatments. Larvae mortality (%) in IE, IG, BT and MO was 67.83 ± 9.10, 62.45 ± 8.10, 49.08 ± 6.70 and 37.70 ± 8.50, respectively. The levels of mortality of larvae 96 and 72 h after treatments were higher than after 48 and 24 hours. The results indicate that 3 days is the maximum period of efficacy for all tested insecticides. In conclusion, the present study showed that under heavy infestation, use of synthetic insecticides is necessary to prevent reinfestation by the citrus leafminer.

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Modification of host finding and oviposition behaviour of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella, by horticultural mineral oil

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata ◽

10.1111/j.1570-8703.2006.00486.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 121 (3) ◽

pp. 243-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Z. M. Liu ◽

A. Meats ◽

G. A. C. Beattie

Keyword(s):

Mineral Oil ◽

Host Finding ◽

Oviposition Behaviour ◽

Phyllocnistis Citrella ◽

Citrus Leafminer

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Efficacy of Jordanian Isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis against the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

International Journal of Pest Management ◽

10.1080/09670870210149844 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 297-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. Khyami-Horani ◽

M. Ateyyat

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Phyllocnistis Citrella ◽

Citrus Leafminer

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Anatomical and Histochemical Effects of Feeding by Citrus Leafminer Larvae (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton) in Citrus Leaves

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.122.6.829 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 122 (6) ◽

pp. 829-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

D.S. Achor ◽

H. Browning ◽

L.G. Albrigo

Keyword(s):

Callus Tissue ◽

Light And Electron Microscopy ◽

Outer Cell ◽

Phyllocnistis Citrella ◽

Microbial Invasion ◽

Citrus Leafminer ◽

Wound Recovery ◽

Citrus Leaves ◽

Tissue Recovery ◽

Outer Cell Wall

Young expanding leaves of `Ambersweet' [Citrus reticulata Blanco × C. paradisi Macf. × C. reticulata) × C. sinensis (L) Osb.] with feeding injury by third larval stage of citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella) were examined by light and electron microscopy for extent of injury and tissue recovery over time. Results confirmed that injury is confined to the epidermal layer, leaving a thin covering over the mine tunnel that consisted of the cuticle and outer cell wall. Wound recovery consisted of two possible responses: the production of callus tissue or the formation of wound periderm. The production of callus tissue developed within 3 days of injury when the uninjured palisade or spongy parenchyma below the injured epidermis produced callus tissue through periclinal or diagonal cell divisions. After 1 month, the entire epidermis was replaced by callus tissue. In the absence of secondary microbial invasion, this callus tissue developed a thick cuticle, followed by development of a covering of platelet wax after 4 months. Alternatively, wound periderm formed if the outer cuticular covering was torn before the cuticle had developed sufficiently to prevent the exposed cells from being desiccated or invaded by fungi, bacteria, or other insects. The wound periderm consisted of a lignified layer of collapsed callus cells, a suberized phellem layer, and a multilayered phelloderm-phellogen. Since there were always cellular collapse or fungi and bacteria associated with wound periderm formation, it was determined to be a secondary effect, not a direct effect of leafminer feeding.

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Contribution of predation and parasitism to mortality of citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) populations in Florida

Biological Control ◽

10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.11.011 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 396-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yingfang Xiao ◽

Jawwad A. Qureshi ◽

Philip A. Stansly

Keyword(s):

Phyllocnistis Citrella ◽

Citrus Leafminer

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The Influence of Water and Mineral Oil On Volumetric Losses in a Hydraulic Motor

Polish Maritime Research ◽

10.1515/pomr-2017-0041 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (s1) ◽

pp. 213-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Pawel Śliwiński

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Mineral Oil ◽

Hydraulic Motor ◽

Small Constant ◽

Influence Of Water ◽

The Difference ◽

Lubricating Properties

Abstract In this paper volumetric losses in hydraulic motor supplied with water and mineral oil (two liquids having significantly different viscosity and lubricating properties) are described and compared. The experimental tests were conducted using an innovative hydraulic satellite motor, that is dedicated to work with different liquids, including water. The sources of leaks in this motor are also characterized and described. On this basis, a mathematical model of volumetric losses and model of effective rotational speed have been developed and presented. The results of calculation of volumetric losses according to the model are compared with the results of experiment. It was found that the difference is not more than 20%. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that this model well describes in both the volumetric losses in the motor supplied with water and oil. Experimental studies have shown that the volumetric losses in the motor supplied with water are even three times greater than the volumetric losses in the motor supplied with oil. It has been shown, that in a small constant stream of water the speed of the motor is reduced even by half in comparison of speed of motor supplied with the same stream of oil.

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PERSISTÊNCIA DE Bacillus thuringiensis VISANDO O CONTROLE MICROBIANO DE Phyllocnistis citrella

Desenvolvimento Social e Sustentável das Ciências Agrárias 3 ◽

10.22533/at.ed.7262014103 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 27-34

Author(s):

David Jossue López Espinosa ◽

Rogério Teixeira Duarte ◽

Silvia Islas Rivera ◽

Alejandro Gregorio Flores Ricardez ◽

Manuel de Jesús Morales González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Phyllocnistis Citrella

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Bio-control efficiency of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) against the citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lep., Gracillariidae) under laboratory conditions

Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research ◽

10.4081/jear.2016.5403 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 355

Author(s):

K. Saeidi ◽

E. Saeidi

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Leaf Miner ◽

Phyllocnistis Citrella ◽

Citrus Leaf ◽

Control Efficiency ◽

Laboratory Conditions

The citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lep., Gracillariidae), is one of the most destructive pest of citrus and related Rutaceae and ornamental plants in Iran. Larvae damage leaves by creating serpentine feeding mines, which have been lead to reduce yield. Resistance and toxicity problems derived from synthetic insecticides have made it necessary to find more effective and healthier alternatives; therefore, bio-insecticides (i.e., Bacillus thuringiensis) are becoming an important component in plant protection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of B. thuringiensis against P. citrella. Eight B. thuringiensis concentrations were used against P. citrella L3 on orange and mortality was recorded at 1, 4, 7 and 10 days after spraying. The results showed that B. thuringiensis significantly affected mortality of P. citrella. After 1, 4, 7 and 10 days of spraying 108 concentration of B. thuringiensis had significantly caused the highest mortality to the pest with 59.8, 68.4, 73.6 and 77.0%, respectively. Then the mortality percent decreased until it reached 6.5, 9.5, 39.3 and 46.7% at 101 concentration, respectively. In conclusion, the study indicated that B. thuringiensis is effective in controlling P. citrella under laboratory conditions.

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Experimental research on marine oil-lubricated stern tube bearing

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology ◽

10.1177/1350650119846004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 233 (11) ◽

pp. 1773-1781 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wojciech Litwin

Keyword(s):

Load Capacity ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Mineral Oil ◽

Hydrodynamic Load ◽

Significant Excess ◽

The Past ◽

Motion Resistance ◽

Promising Solution ◽

Legal Restrictions

Bearings of propeller shafts are very crucial elements of the propulsion system of each of the ships. The safety of shipping depends on their durability and reliability. The new legal restrictions mean that today we are looking for environmentally friendly solutions. That is why water-lubricated bearings are becoming more and more popular. So, will oil-lubricated shaft bearings belong to the past? The bearing with a white metal bushing lubricated with mineral oil, which was subjected to experimental tests, has a number of advantages. First of all, it works in the area of full fluid friction, and in typical shipbuilding conditions it has a significant excess of hydrodynamic load capacity. Therefore, replacing mineral oil with an environmentally friendly lubricant with a similar viscosity seems to be a promising solution. Motion resistance larger than that in water-lubricated bearings compensates for the reliability and durability of this solution.

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Investigation of the life history and infestation of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on four different hosts

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2019.17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 151 (3) ◽

pp. 329-339

Author(s):

Maryam Atapour ◽

Shiva Osouli

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Mass Rearing ◽

Immature Stage ◽

Poncirus Trifoliata ◽

Citrus Paradisi ◽

Phyllocnistis Citrella ◽

Citrus Leafminer ◽

Valencia Orange ◽

Control Programmes ◽

History Of

AbstractPhyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), also known as the citrus leafminer, is a serious pest in Citrus Linnaeus (Rutaceae) nurseries in Iran. Few studies have been performed on the life history of this pest on different citrus hosts. In this work, the infestation rate and biological aspects of P. citrella were investigated using four citrus hosts: Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis (Linnaeus) Osbeck), trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfadyen), and sweet lemon (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle). Moths preferred laying eggs on leaves with a width ranging from 1–2 cm, and the highest oviposition was observed on the Valencia orange (51.2 eggs/female). The numbers of pupae and infested leaves were significantly higher on C. sinensis and C. aurantifolia. The entire developmental period of the immature stages was 13.8 and 15.4 days in C. aurantifolia and C. sinensis, respectively, while it increased to 21.8 and 24.7 days in C. paradisi and P. trifoliata. The rate of mortality of the immature stage was the highest in these two latter hosts as well (29–31%). Moths showed the highest emergence and longevity on C. sinensis and C. aurantifolia. The results indicate that C. sinensis and C. aurantifolia are susceptible hosts that can be recommended for the mass-rearing of this species in non-chemical pest control programmes.

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