EFFECTS OF OV-POSS NANOPARTICLES ON THE VULCANIZATION KINETICS OF NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDS

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) are new-generation additives, which can provide improved properties in polymer matrices by physical and/or chemical interactions between the polymer molecules and their reactive sites. In the case of rubber-based polymeric systems, POSSs are also able to accompany with the vulcanization reaction. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of octavinyl functionalized POSS (OV-POSS) on sulphur vulcanization of a model natural rubber (NR) based compound. The reaction kinetics was studied by using various kinetic approaches based on Moving Die Rheometry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Rheometric data was evaluated by using a common non-linear cure kinetic model, which is called Isayev and Deng Model. Kissinger, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, and Crane Models were used to process thermal data for curing reactions. All the models were found to be able to analyze vulcanization kinetics of OV-POSS containing NR-based rubber compounds as well as the effect of OV-POSS incorporation.

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Influence of iron ore concentrate (magnetite) on the kinetics of butadiene–styrene rubber-based blend curing in the presence of different accelerators

Тонкие химические технологии ◽

10.32362/2410-6593-2020-15-5-46-53 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 46-53

Author(s):

A. A. Khachaturov ◽

E. E. Potapov ◽

S. V. Reznichenko ◽

A. N. Kovaleva

Keyword(s):

Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Thermal Destruction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide ◽

Rubber Compounds ◽

Vulcanization Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Iron Ore Concentrate ◽

Butadiene Styrene

Objectives. To investigate the possibility of using a cheaper ingredient, such as magnetite, in the synthesis of rubber compounds based on butadiene–styrene rubber by examining its effect on the process of sulfuric vulcanization of butadiene–styrene rubber in the presence of various accelerators.Methods. The influence of magnetite on the vulcanization kinetics was studied using an Alpha Technologies PRPA 2000 rotorless rheometer. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed using a Mettler Toledo TGA/DSC 2 device to evaluate the effect of magnetite on the butadiene–styrene rubber-based vulcanizates’ oxidation.Results. Magnetite was found to affect the kinetics of SBR-1500 butadiene–styrene rubber sulfuric vulcanization in the presence of thiazole-type accelerators (2-MBT, 2-MBS); in contrast, magnetite was inactive in the case of diphenylguanidine, sulfenamide T, and tetramethylthiuram disulfide. The obtained TGA/DSC data showed that magnetite has no significant effect on the butadiene–styrene rubber-based vulcanizates’ oxidation and thermal destruction.Conclusions. The obtained data confirmed magnetite’s capability to act as a butadiene–styrene rubber sulfuric vulcanization activator in the presence of various accelerators. The most significant effect was observed in the presence of thiazole-type accelerators.

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Isothermal Vulcanization and Non-Isothermal Degradation Kinetics of XNBR/Epoxy/XNBR-g-Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) Nanocomposites

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14112872 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 2872

Author(s):

Seyed Mohamad Reza Paran ◽

Ghasem Naderi ◽

Elnaz Movahedifar ◽

Maryam Jouyandeh ◽

Krzysztof Formela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Halloysite Nanotubes ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Order Model ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Theoretical Methods ◽

Vulcanization Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Thermal Stability Of

The effect of several concentrations of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) functionalized halloysite nanotubes (XHNTs) on the vulcanization and degradation kinetics of XNBR/epoxy compounds were evaluated using experimental and theoretical methods. The isothermal vulcanization kinetics were studied at various temperatures by rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results obtained indicated that the nth order model could not accurately predict the curing performance. However, the autocatalytic approach can be used to estimate the vulcanization reaction mechanism of XNBR/epoxy/XHNTs nanocomposites. The kinetic parameters related to the degradation of XNBR/epoxy/XHNTs nanocomposites were also assessed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA measurements suggested that the grafted nanotubes strongly enhanced the thermal stability of the nanocomposite.

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Vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber-organoclay nanocomposites

Journal of Applied Polymer Science ◽

10.1002/app.12082 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (1) ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 149

Author(s):

M. A. López-Manchado ◽

M. Arroyo ◽

B. Herrero ◽

J. Biagiotti

Keyword(s):

Natural Rubber ◽

Vulcanization Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of

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Plasma Modified and Unmodified Polyethylene as Filler in Natural Rubber Compounds: Morphology, Cure Behavior and Vulcanization Kinetics

Macromolecular Symposia ◽

10.1002/masy.201800135 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 381 (1) ◽

pp. 1800135

Author(s):

Sari P. Sasidharan ◽

Petr Spatenka ◽

Evgeny Anisimov ◽

Sabu Thomas

Keyword(s):

Natural Rubber ◽

Cure Behavior ◽

Rubber Compounds ◽

Vulcanization Kinetics

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Study on vulcanization kinetics of constant viscosity natural rubber by using a rheometer MDR2000

Journal of Applied Polymer Science ◽

10.1002/app.39012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 130 (1) ◽

pp. 47-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhang Bei-Long ◽

Wang Yong-Zhou ◽

Wang Ping-Yue ◽

Huang Hong-Hai

Keyword(s):

Natural Rubber ◽

Vulcanization Kinetics ◽

Constant Viscosity ◽

Kinetics Of

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Kinetics of Peroxide Vulcanization of Natural Rubber

Progress in Rubber Plastics and Recycling Technology ◽

10.1177/147776061202800405 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 201-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rejitha Rajan ◽

Siby Varghese ◽

K.E. George

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Natural Rubber ◽

Crosslinking Agent ◽

Decomposition Reaction ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Compression Set ◽

Cure Time ◽

Minimum Residual ◽

Vulcanization Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of

This study was undertaken to optimize the vulcanization conditions and explore the effect of residual peroxide in the peroxide vulcanization of natural rubber. The study was followed through the kinetics of the vulcanization reaction at various temperatures viz. 150,155,160 and 165°C. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used as the crosslinking agent. The Monsanto Rheometer was used to investigate the different crosslinking stages and vulcanization kinetics. The thermal decomposition of peroxide followed a first order free radical decomposition reaction. Half-lives at various temperatures were determined. The percentage of residual peroxide was calculated from the cure kinetic data. The effect of residual peroxide on mechanical properties was studied at various peroxide levels and also by extending the cure time (from t90 to t95 and then to t100). Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus and compression set (70 and 100°C) were measured. Excess peroxide was found to cause a high compression set at elevated temperature and the cure time was selected to achieve minimum residual peroxide in the product. Results indicate that peroxide concentration is the dominant factor controlling the crosslink density and hence the properties of the vulcanizates.

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Dynamic Cure Kinetics and Physical-Mechanical Properties of PEG/Nanosilica/Epoxy Composites

International Journal of Polymer Science ◽

10.1155/2020/7908343 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Haleh Nowruzi Varzeghani ◽

Iraj Amiri Amraei ◽

Seyed Rasoul Mousavi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Cure Kinetics ◽

Diglycidyl Ether ◽

Solid Particles ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Cure Reaction ◽

Cure Kinetic ◽

Cure Temperature ◽

Kinetics Of

This study investigated the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and nanosilica (NS) on the physical-mechanical properties and cure kinetics of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A-based epoxy (DGEBA-based EP) resin. For this purpose, tensile and viscometry tests, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were carried out under dynamic conditions. The results showed that adding NS and PEG enhances the maximum cure temperature as well as the heat of cure reaction (ΔH) in EP-NS, while it decreases in EP-PEG and EP-PEG-NS. The cure kinetic parameters of EP-PEG-NS were calculated by Kissinger, Ozawa, and KSA methods and compared with each other. The Ea calculated from the Kissinger method (96.82 kJ/mol) was found to be lower than that of the Ozawa method (98.69 kJ/mol). Also, according to the KAS method, the apparent Ea was approximately constant within the 10-90% conversion range. Tensile strength and modulus increased by adding NS, while tensile strength diminished slightly by adding PEG to EP-NS. The glass transition temperature (Tg) was calculated using DMTA which was increased and decreased by the addition of NS and PEG, respectively. The results of the viscometry test showed that the viscosity increased with the presence of both PEG and NS and it prevented the deposition of solid particles.

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