scholarly journals Exploring Enabling Factors for Innovation Outcomes. A Firm-Level Analysis

AD-minister ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 92-112
Author(s):  
Jean Pierre Seclen-Luna ◽  
Fátima Ponce Regalado ◽  
Miguel Cordova
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovation Processes ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Innovation Outcomes ◽  
Collaboration Strategies

Major innovation research has been primarily focused on developed countries, creating a gap in the literature related to innovation processes in emerging markets, such as Latin America. Even as some studies are aimed toward this region, their approach is usually only from the standpoint of an R&D funding perspective. This paper aims to discuss the relationship between resources for innovation and sources of innovation with innovation outcomes, using a sample of Peruvian companies, which received public funds oriented to the developing of innovative activities. Results found evidence that the presence of resources for innovation and sources of innovation have a positive influence on innovation outcomes. Moreover, resources for innovation are related to non-technological innovation, with internal R&D being the most carried out by companies even when it is not related to product nor process innovation. While sources of innovation are related to product innovation, firms demonstrated an incipient use of inter-firm collaboration strategies as its sources it.

Overcoming the Dark Side of Closed Networks in Cultural Tourism Clusters: The Importance of Diverse Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángela Martínez-Pérez ◽  
Marie-Michele Beauchesne
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Closed Networks ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the recognized importance of tourism as an engine of economic growth in developed countries, research on the antecedents of innovation in this sector has been sparse, especially in the context of tourism clusters. Scholars have suggested that social capital is a key determinant of firm innovation in the context of tourism clusters, but empirical evidence has been lacking. The aim of this article is to empirically study the interplay between social capital and innovation in the context of tourism clusters at firm level. More specifically, we analyzed the effects of closed networks and diverse networks on firm innovation using a sample of 215 hospitality and tourism firms located in the World Heritage Cities of Spain. Results showed an inverted-U-shaped relationship between closed networks and firm innovation. Consistent with existing literature, these findings suggest that whereas a certain degree of strength and density helps to promote innovation, a critical point may exist beyond which innovation stabilizes or deteriorates when the information of the network becomes too redundant. In addition, we found that diverse networks positively moderated the relationship between closed networks and firm innovation. In other words, structural holes appear to mitigate the negative effects arising from excess strength and density and encourage the development of innovations beyond what a firm relying solely on closed networks could achieve. In practice, these results suggest firms in tourism clusters should not exclusively focus on typical closed networks but also create connections with diverse agents to maximize their potential for innovation.

scholarly journals The Factors that are Dictating the Buyer Supplier Relationship in the Retail Market

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Saba Asghar
Keyword(s):  
Retail Market ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Supplier Relationships ◽  
Healthy Relationships ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Analysis

Healthy relationship among the buyer and supplier is the only way to remain competitive in the incentive market. It is the only way to retain the business and the customers. If buyer and supplier are not having this partnership then they might not be enjoying the best outcomes.The objective of this thesis is to examine the core factors that dictate buyer (Super Market) and Supplier (Distributor) relationship in retail industry. In this research, aspects has been studied that could have affected or affects the relationship of buyer & supplier in positive or negative manner. The research has covered the retail market and will be dictating the key aspects of maintaining the healthy buyer and supplier relationships. This will be helping the retail owners and retail brands to gain the competitive edge from others and always remain ahead. This research will help both the stakeholders of this industry to maintain healthy relationships between them and indicates them that what the issues that create problems between them are.The thesis employed an empirical approach designed in three stages; aggregate and firm level analysis using official data, firm level analysis using survey and finally case studies aimed at providing deeper insights into the underlying issues observed in the survey findings. Three literature strands were adopted: spillover, cluster and network dynamics.

scholarly journals Does bribery have a negative impact on firm performance? A firm-level analysis across 132 developing countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin C Williams ◽  
Alvaro Martinez-Perez ◽  
Abbi Kedir
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Analysis

Purpose – Reflecting the moral theorisation of bribery as a negative phenomenon, bribery has been widely shown to have a deleterious impact at the national level on economic development and growth. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate whether it is also the case at the firm level that bribery has negative impacts on firm performance. Until now, the few studies conducted in individual nations and regions have produced mixed results. Here, therefore, a more comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between bribery and firm performance is undertaken across the developing world. Design/methodology/approach – To do so, World Bank Enterprise Survey data on 106,805 enterprises across 132 developing countries is used to provide a firm-level analysis of the relationship between bribery and firm performance. Findings – The finding is that bribery enhances firm performance. Firms asserting that it is necessary for enterprises like theirs to give gifts or payments to public officials in order to get things done have 13.9 per cent higher average annual sales growth rates and 48 per cent higher annual productivity growth rates, after controlling for other determinants of firm performance. Practical implications – Given that engaging in bribery at the firm level results in higher firm performance, despite bribery having an overall detrimental negative impact at the country level, public authorities will need to develop measures to alter not only the cost-benefit ratio confronting individual enterprises but also the institutional deficiencies that result in the prevalence of bribery. Originality/value – This is the first firm-level evaluation of the relationship between bribery and firm performance across the developing world.

Untangling the Innovativeness-Performance Puzzle

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
Tugba Gurcaylilar-Yenidogan ◽  
Safak Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovative Capacity

This chapter investigates the relationships between innovativeness and firm performance from a multidimensional viewpoint. As previous studies have shown controversial results on the performance implications for innovative capacity, the promising venue for the innovation research study is to address the question of under which conditions innovativeness leads to improved financial performance. To this end, the results of this study demonstrate some major findings. First, non-technical innovativeness exerts positive influence over technical innovativeness. Second, novelty of technical innovation activities causes a diminishing effect on financial performance due to the ambiguity of value-creation. Third, technical innovativeness enhances financial performance when the relationship between technical innovativeness and financial performance is mediated by market effectiveness and production efficiency. Overall, this chapter clarifies the conflicting results on the innovativeness-financial performance link and hence contributes to the innovation literature.

COMPLEMENTS OR CONFLICTS: R&D AND LEAN INNOVATION APPROACHES

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150042
Author(s):  
ALAN CANNON ◽  
CARON ST. JOHN
Keyword(s):  
Negative Effects ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lean Practices ◽  
Barriers To Change ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Analysis

The purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between research and development (R&D)-funded innovation efforts and operational-level lean improvement efforts through the lens of the Resource-Based View (RBV), with a focus on the relationship between them. Does the “leaning” of a firm’s operations create barriers to change and inhibit the success of R&D-led innovation investment? Or, does the “leaning” of operations help organisations focus on priorities and simplify routines so that new R&D efforts are more effective? Our analysis of more than 850 firm-years’ worth of data showed that the relationship between lean and R&D productivity is nonlinear, specifically an inverted U-shape (concave). Leanness provides some early R&D productivity improvement benefits, but R&D productivity levelled then declined over time. In a follow-up industry-level analysis, we found that the effects of leanness on firm-level R&D productivity differed by industry, with some industries seeing evidence of positive effects from lean practices and others experiencing negative effects on R&D productivity from lean.

Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between World Class Manufacturing Practises and Enterprise Performance: Comparing Developing Countries with Developed Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Ye Zhuang Tian ◽  
Xin Xing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Manufacturing Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
World Class ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
World Class Manufacturing

The application of World Class Manufacturing(WCM) practises is very important for manufacturing enterprises to improve their performance and achieve competitive advantages. This research use the data of International Manufacturing Strategy Survey(IMSS) in 2009 as samples to reveal the relationship between WCM practises and enterprise performance and to discover the effect of different countries on the above-mentioned relationship, based on hierarchy regression analysis method. The results show that WCM practises is positively related with enterprise performance, besides, the positive influence of SCM on enterprise performance in developing countries is greater than that in developed countries.

Heterogeneous Firms, Trade Liberalization, and Welfare

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Spearot
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Firm Heterogeneity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Heterogeneous Firms ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Gains From Trade ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The Relationship

While the modern theory of international trade allows for many different modeling assumptions, the gains from trade can often be calculated using a common set of statistics. In particular, the share of a country’s output that is consumed domestically, the elasticity of bilateral trade with respect to trade costs, and the relationship between markups and firm size, each have a clear role in the gains from integration. All of these statistics may also be structurally linked to the degree of firm heterogeneity, usually the dispersion in firm-level productivity. Accordingly, the presence of firm heterogeneity may have a meaningful impact on the welfare response to trade liberalization. A quantitative application of a common firm heterogeneity model indicates that increased dispersion of firm-level productivity has a disproportionately large and positive impact on the gains from trade for smaller, less-developed countries.

scholarly journals Knowledge Recombination and Inventor Networks: The Asymmetric Effects of Embeddedness on Knowledge Reuse and Impact

2020 ◽  
pp. 014920632090686
Author(s):  
Simon J. D. Schillebeeckx ◽  
Yimin Lin ◽  
Gerard George ◽  
Tufool Alnuaimi
Keyword(s):  
Network Centrality ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Knowledge Reuse ◽  
Asymmetric Effects ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Internal Embeddedness ◽  
Inventor Networks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovation Outcomes ◽  
Internal Knowledge

Inventors are triply embedded. They are embedded in a network of knowledge components that they can reuse in future inventions. They are embedded in an inventor network, where internal embeddedness (the strength of relationships between focal inventors and their colleagues upon whose knowledge the team builds) and network centrality influence access to information. Finally, they are embedded in the firm, with its specific routines that favor external or internal knowledge search, what we call search orientation. Using a sample of 39,785 semiconductor patents, we study the pattern of knowledge reuse, or the recombination of technologically similar components, on invention impact. We propose that reuse of internal knowledge affects invention impact in a concave manner and posit that internal embeddedness steepens this relationship while network centrality leads to an inflection point shift. We examine whether these effects differ for subsamples of firms with inward- or outward-looking search orientation. We find that inward-looking firms’ optimal pattern of internal knowledge reuse does not differ markedly from that of outward-looking firms. We find that inward-looking firms are more susceptible to internal embeddedness and that centrality in the collaborative network flattens rather than shifts the relationship between reuse and impact. These findings elevate the theoretical discourse of embeddedness from the effects of network positions on innovation outcomes to similar network positions having asymmetric effects that vary with the firm’s search orientation. Our results contribute to an emergent area in innovation research on how inventor networks shape the inventive process and its outcomes.

Vertical relatedness and services outsourcing: a firm-level analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-771
Author(s):  
Giulio Cainelli ◽  
Roberto Ganau ◽  
Donato Iacobucci
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Technological Regime ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Services Outsourcing ◽  
Italian Manufacturing Firms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Analysis

Abstract This paper analyzes the relationship between local-level vertical relatedness and firms’ services outsourcing, using a data set of 46,671 Italian manufacturing firms observed over the period 1999–2007. The analysis uses a firm-level index of services outsourcing based on the Adelman index, and it proposes a new measure of vertical relatedness. Overall, the results suggest that it is not agglomeration per se that matters for services outsourcing but rather the presence of vertically related industries. The role of firm-level heterogeneity in terms of size, geographic location, and technological regime also emerges.

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