Morphological Features of the Fibrillar Structure of Plant and Bacterial Cellulose

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 153-165
Author(s):  
K.S. Bolotova ◽  
◽  
D.G. Chukhchin ◽  
L.V. Mayer ◽  
A.A. Gur'yanova
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Fibrillar Structure

scholarly journals Membrane Technological Pathways and Inherent Structure of Bacterial Cellulose Composites for Drug Delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Alfred Mensah ◽  
Yajun Chen ◽  
Narh Christopher ◽  
Qufu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Cellulose Composites ◽  
Inherent Structure ◽  
Made In ◽  
Critical Aspects

This report summarizes efforts undertaken in the area of drug delivery, with a look at further efforts made in the area of bacterial cellulose (BC) biomedical applications in general. There are many current methodologies (past and present) for the creation of BC membrane composites custom-engineered with drug delivery functionality, with brief consideration for very close applications within the broader category of biomedicine. The most emphasis was placed on the crucial aspects that open the door to the possibility of drug delivery or the potential for use as drug carriers. Additionally, consideration has been given to laboratory explorations as well as already established BC-drug delivery systems (DDS) that are either on the market commercially or have been patented in anticipation of future commercialization. The cellulose producing strains, current synthesis and growth pathways, critical aspects and intrinsic morphological features of BC were given maximum consideration, among other crucial aspects of BC DDS.

scholarly journals Bacterial cellulose nanocrystals produced under different hydrolysis conditions: Properties and morphological features

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niédja Fittipaldi Vasconcelos ◽  
Judith Pessoa Andrade Feitosa ◽  
Francisco Miguel Portela da Gama ◽  
João Paulo Saraiva Morais ◽  
Fábia Karine Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Hydrolysis Conditions

Oxidized bacterial cellulose membrane as support for enzyme immobilization: properties and morphological features

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 3055-3083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niédja Fittipaldi Vasconcelos ◽  
Fábia Karine Andrade ◽  
Lídia de Araújo Pinto Vieira ◽  
Rodrigo Silveira Vieira ◽  
Juliana Miguel Vaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Cellulose Membrane ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose Membrane

scholarly journals Preparation of Komagataeibacter xylinus Inoculum for Bacterial Cellulose Biosynthesis Using Magnetically Assisted External-Loop Airlift Bioreactor

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3950
Author(s):  
Anna Żywicka ◽  
Daria Ciecholewska-Juśko ◽  
Radosław Drozd ◽  
Rafał Rakoczy ◽  
Maciej Konopacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Rotating Magnetic Field ◽  
Airlift Bioreactor ◽  
Fibrillar Structure ◽  
External Loop ◽  
Komagataeibacter Xylinus ◽  
Inoculum Preparation ◽  
Magnetically Assisted

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of a novel magnetically assisted external-loop airlift bioreactor (EL-ALB), equipped with rotating magnetic field (RMF) generators for the preparation of Komagataeibacter xylinus inoculum during three-cycle repeated fed-batch cultures, further used for bacterial cellulose (BC) production. The fermentation carried out in the RMF-assisted EL-ALB allowed to obtain an inoculum of more than 200 × higher cellular density compared to classical methods of inoculum preparation. The inoculum obtained in the RMF-assisted EL-ALB was characterized by a high and stable metabolic activity during repeated batch fermentation process. The application of the RMF-assisted EL-ALB for K. xylinus inoculum production did not induce the formation of cellulose-deficient mutants. It was also confirmed that the ability of K. xylinus to produce BC was at the same level (7.26 g/L of dry mass), regardless of inoculum age. Additionally, the BC obtained from the inoculum produced in the RMF-assisted EL-ALB was characterized by reproducible water-related properties, mechanical strength, nano-fibrillar structure and total crystallinity index. The lack of any negative impact of inoculum preparation method using RMF-assisted EL-ALB on BC properties is of paramount value for its future applications, including use as a biomaterial in tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery, where especially BC liquid capacity, nanostructure, crystallinity, and mechanical properties play essential roles.

Montmorillonite Dendrites

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Necip Güven ◽  
Rodney W. Pease
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Growth Front ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Dendritic Crystal ◽  
Crystal Growth Mechanism

Morphological features of montmorillonite aggregates in a large number of samples suggest that they may be formed by a dendritic crystal growth mechanism (i.e., tree-like growth by branching of a growth front).

Polymer Morphology Revealed by Staining Techniques

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
A. C. Reimschuessel ◽  
V. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Polymer Morphology ◽  
Crystallizable Polymer ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Long Chain

Staining techniques can be used for either the identification of different polymers or for the differentiation of specific morphological domains within a given polymer. To reveal morphological features in nylon 6, we choose a technique based upon diffusion of the staining agent into accessible regions of the polymer.When a crystallizable polymer - such as nylon 6 - is cooled from the melt, lamellae form by chainfolding of the crystallizing long chain macromolecules. The regions between adjacent lamellae represent the less ordered amorphous domains into which stain can diffuse. In this process the lamellae will be “outlined” by the dense stain, giving rise to contrast comparable to that obtained by “negative” staining techniques.If the cooling of the polymer melt proceeds relatively slowly - as in molding operations - the lamellae are usually arranged in a radial manner. This morphology is referred to as spherulitic.

Morphologies of Nonadherent Al2O3 and Matching Substrate Surfaces

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
C. S. Giggins ◽  
J. K. Tien ◽  
B. H. Kear ◽  
F. S. Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Oxide Spallation ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Induced Stresses ◽  
Substrate Surfaces

The performance of most oxidation resistant alloys and coatings is markedly improved if the oxide scale strongly adheres to the substrate surface. Consequently, in order to develop alloys and coatings with improved oxidation resistance, it has become necessary to determine the conditions that lead to spallation of oxides from the surfaces of alloys. In what follows, the morphological features of nonadherent Al2O3, and the substrate surfaces from which the Al2O3 has spalled, are presented and related to oxide spallation.The Al2O3, scales were developed by oxidizing Fe-25Cr-4Al (w/o) and Ni-rich Ni3 (Al,Ta) alloys in air at 1200°C. These scales spalled from their substrates upon cooling as a result of thermally induced stresses. The scales and the alloy substrate surfaces were then examined by scanning and replication electron microscopy.The Al2O3, scales from the Fe-Cr-Al contained filamentary protrusions at the oxide-gas interface, Fig. 1(a). In addition, nodules of oxide have been developed such that cavities were formed between the oxide and the substrate, Fig. 1(a).

Etching of LLDPE and LLDPE/HDPE blends

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
M. S. Bischel ◽  
J. M. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Narrow Fraction ◽  
Potassium Permanganate Solution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Despite its rapidly growing use in commercial applications, the morphology of LLDPE and its blends has not been thoroughly studied by microscopy techniques. As part of a study to examine the morphology of a LLDPE narrow fraction and its blends with HDPE via SEM, TEM and AFM, an appropriate etchant is required. However, no satisfactory recipes could be found in the literature. Mirabella used n-heptane, a solvent for LLDPE, as an etchant to reveal certain morphological features in the SEM, including faint banding in spherulites. A 1992 paper by Bassett included a TEM micrograph of an axialite of LLDPE, etched in a potassium permanganate solution, but no details were given.Attempts to use n-heptane, at 60°C, as an etchant were unsuccessful: depending upon thickness, samples swelled and increased in diameter by 5-10% or more within 15 minutes. Attempts to use the standard 3.5% potassium permanganate solution for HDPE were also unsuccessful: the LLDPE was severely overetched. Weaker solutions were also too severe.

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