scholarly journals Discriminant Analysis: Impact of the Number of Repetitions on the Effectiveness of Teaching Boys Aged 7 Throwing a Small Ball

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Sergii Iermakov ◽  
Oleg Khudolii ◽  
Denys Chupikhin
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Small Ball ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Statistical Analysis Software

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of teaching boys aged 7 throwing a small ball. Materials and methods. The study participants were 27 boys aged 7, who were randomly divided into three groups of 9 people each. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The study examined the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of teaching boys aged 7 throwing a small ball at a target. A pedagogical experiment studied the impact of 6, 12, and 18 repetitions with a 60-second rest interval on the increase in the level of proficiency in exercises of boys aged 7. In the first group, the boys repeated the task 6 times with a rest interval of 60 s, in the second group – 12 times with a rest interval of 60 s, in the third group 18 times with a rest interval of 60 s. When teaching throwing exercises during the class, the study assessed the level of proficiency by the alternative method (“performed”, “failed”) and calculated the probability of exercise performance (p = n/m, where n is the number of successful attempts, m is the total number of attempts). In teaching boys aged 7, the method of algorithmic instructions was used. The next exercise started after three successful attempts. Throwing a ball at a vertical target was taught. The study materials were processed by the IBM SPSS 20 statistical analysis software. During discriminant analysis, a prognostic model for group membership was created. Results. Discriminant analysis made it possible to determine the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of developing the skills of throwing a small ball at a target; to answer the question as to how significantly the modes of repetition differ by the effectiveness of motor skills development, to which class the object belongs based on the values of discriminant variables. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of group centroids, it was found that 12 repetitions of the exercise (6 sets 2 time each with a rest interval of 60 s) significantly influence the increase in the level of proficiency in physical education classes. The results of group classification show that 94.4% of the original grouped observations were classified correctly.

scholarly journals Pattern Recognition: Impact of Exercises Modes on Developing a Small Ball Throwing Skill in Boys Aged 8

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Sergii Iermakov ◽  
Olha Ivashchenko ◽  
Oleg Khudolii ◽  
Sergii Chernenko ◽  
Viktoriia Veremeenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Small Ball ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Statistical Analysis Software

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of exercises modes on developing a small ball throwing skill in boys aged 8.  Materials and methods. The study participants were 21 boys aged 8, who were randomly divided into three groups of 7 people. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The study examined the influence of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of teaching boys aged 8 throwing a small ball at a target. A pedagogical experiment examined the influence of 6, 12, and 18 repetitions with a 60-second rest interval on the increase in the level of proficiency in exercises of boys aged 8. In the first group, the boys repeated the task 6 times with a rest interval of 60 s, in the second group – 12 times with a rest interval of 60 s, in the third group 18 times with a rest interval of 60 s. When teaching throwing exercises during the class, the study evaluated the level of proficiency by the alternative method (“performed”, “failed”) and calculated the probability of exercise performance (p = n/m, where n is the number of successful attempts, m is the total number of attempts).  In teaching boys aged 8, the method of algorithmic instructions was used. The next exercise started after three successful attempts. Throwing a ball at a vertical target was taught. The study materials were processed by the IBM SPSS 20 statistical analysis software. During discriminant analysis, a prognostic model for group membership was created.  Results. Discriminant analysis made it possible to determine the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of developing the skills of throwing a small ball at a target; answer the question as to how significantly the modes of repetitions differ by the effectiveness of motor skills development, what class the object belongs to based on the values of discriminant variables. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of group centroids, it was found that in boys aged 8, six repetitions of the exercise (6 sets one time with a rest interval of 60 s) significantly influence the increase in the level of proficiency in exercises during physical education lessons. The results of group classification show that 85.7% of the original grouped observations were classified correctly. 

scholarly journals Pattern Recognition: Effectiveness of Teaching Boys Aged 15 a Cartwheel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Dmytro Ivanov ◽  
Olha Ivashchenko ◽  
Pavol Bartík
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Group Classification ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Movement Performance ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of teaching boys aged 15 a cartwheel. Materials and methods. The study participants were 20 boys aged 15. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To solve the tasks set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of trainingtasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, discriminant analysis. Results. The assumption was made about a significant influence of the modes of alternating exercise repetitions and the rest interval on the effectiveness of motor skills development in boys aged 15. The study found that 6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s are more effective than 6 sets 2 times each with a rest interval of 60 s when teaching the ability to assess movement performance by time (p < 0.001). And with the first exercise mode, fewer repetitions are needed to master the entire cartwheel. This is due to the fact that differentiation of time characteristics requires immediate information about the movement performance after each repetition. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of group centroids, it was found that 6 repetitions of the exercise (6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s) significantly influence the cartwheel skill development in boys aged 15 during physical education classes. The results of group classification show that 95.0% of the original grouped observations were classified correctly.

scholarly journals Pattern Recognition: Modes of Developing Motor Skills of Acrobatic Exercises in Boys Aged 14

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Andrii Bezzub ◽  
Oleg Khudolii ◽  
Radosław Muszkieta
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Group Classification ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of exercise modes on the effectiveness of teaching boys aged 14 a cartwheel. Materials and methods. The study participants were 20 boys aged 14. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To solve the tasks set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, discriminant analysis. Results. The assumption was made about a significant influence of the modes of alternating exercise repetitions and the rest interval on the effectiveness of motor skills development in boys aged 14. The study found that the mode of 6 sets 2 times each with a rest interval of 60 s is more effective than the mode of 6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s when teaching the first, second, and fourth series of tasks (p < 0.05). The mode of 6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s is more effective when teaching the fifth and sixth series of tasks (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Discriminant analysis made it possible to determine the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of developing the cartwheel skill in boys aged 14. Based on the analysis of group centroids, it was found that exercise modes significantly influence the cartwheel skill development in boys aged 14 during physical education classes. The results of group classification show that 100 % of the original grouped observations were classified correctly.

scholarly journals Pattern Recognition: Effectiveness of Teaching Girls Aged 15 Acrobatic Exercises

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Davyd Medko ◽  
Oleg Khudolii
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Second Mode ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Muscular Effort

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of exercise modes on the effectiveness of teaching girls aged 15 a cartwheel. Materials and methods. The study participants were 20 girls aged 15. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To solve the tasks set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, discriminant analysis. Results. The analysis of averages shows that statistically significant differences in the number of repetitions are observed in performing series of training tasks 1, 2, and 4 (p < 0.05). The girls aged 15 who use the first mode (6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s) need fewer repetitions to master the movements of the first (exercises to develop motor abilities) and the second (exercises to master starting and ending positions) series of tasks. The girls who use the second mode (6 sets 2 times each with a rest interval of 60 s) need fewer repetitions to master the movements of the fourth series of tasks (ability to assess movements in space, by time and muscular effort) (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Discriminant analysis made it possible to determine the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of developing the cartwheel skill in girls aged 15. During motor skills development, both the first and the second variants of exercise modes and rest intervals can be used. For series of tasks 1 and 2, it is advisable to use 6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s; for series of tasks 3, 5, and 6 – 6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s or 6 sets 2 times each with a rest interval of 60 s; for series 4 – 6 sets 2 times each with a rest interval of 60 s.

scholarly journals Pattern Recognition: Effectiveness of Teaching Girls Aged 14 the Cartwheel Authors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Inna Kalistratova ◽  
Oleg Khudolii
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
The Third ◽  
Second Mode ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. To determine the impact of exercise modes on the effectiveness of teaching girls aged 14 the cartwheel. Materials and methods. The study participants were 20 girls aged 14. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To solve the tasks set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, discriminant analysis. Results. The study found that statistically significant differences in the number of repetitions were observed in performing all series of training tasks, except the third one (p < 0.05). The girls aged 14 who used the first mode (6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s) needed fewer repetitions to master the movements of the first, second, fourth, fifth, and sixth series of tasks (p < 0.05). The girls aged 14 who used the second mode (6 sets 2 times each with a rest interval of 60 s) needed fewer repetitions to master the movements of the third series of tasks (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Discriminant analysis made it possible to determine the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of developing the cartwheel skill in girls aged 14. Based on the analysis of group centroids, it was found that exercise modes significantly influence the cartwheel skill development in girls aged 14 during physical education classes. The results of classification of the groups show that 100.0 % of the original grouped cases were classified correctly.

scholarly journals Effect of Motor Ability and Self-Confidence on Triple Jump Skills in Youth Aged 18–20: Path Analysis Study Among Students at University College

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Herli Pardilla ◽  
Achmad Sofyan Hanif ◽  
Hidayat Humaid ◽  
Firmansyah Dlis ◽  
Raffly Henjilito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Determination Coefficient ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Male College ◽  
Variable Contribution ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of motor skills and self-confidence on triple jump skills. Materials and methods. The study participants (n = 41) were male college students aged 18–20 years. Regression analysis (path analysis) was used to analyze the interrelationship between motor skills variable variables, self-confidence (exogenous variables) and triple jump skills (endogenous variables). Results. The analysis indicated that there is an influence of motor skills towards triple jump skills with = (r ≥ 0.711; p < 0.000; significant) and a linear determination coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.506) contributing 50.60%. There is an influence of self-confidence on triple jump skills with = (r ≥ 0.707, p < 0.000; significant) and a linear determination coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.50) contributing 50.00%. There is an influence of motor skills on self-confidence with = (r ≥ 0.693, p < 0.000; significant) and a linear determination coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.480) contributing 48.00%. There is an influence of motor skills and self-confidence on triple jump skills with = (r ≥ 0.771, p < 0.000; significant) and a linear determination coefficient (R2 ≥0.594; p < 0.005; significant), the total exogenous variable contribution is 59.40%. Conclusions. Motor skills and self-confidence must be considered by educators or trainers during the training process. Good motor skills and high self-confidence will affect triple jump skills.

scholarly journals Strength Abilities: Immediate and Delayed Training Effects of Orthogonal Modes of Strength Training in Boys Aged 8 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Olha Ivashchenko ◽  
Oleg Khudolii ◽  
Krzysztof Prusik ◽  
Vasilios Giovanis
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
Back Muscles ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Shoulder Muscles ◽  
Strength Exercises ◽  
The Impact

The study purpose was to determine the dynamics of training effects of orthogonal modes of strength training in boys aged 8 years. Materials and methods. The study participants were 48 boys aged 8 years. The experiment was performed using a 22 factorial design. The study materials were processed using the IBM SPSS 22 statistical analysis program.Discriminant analysis was performed. The study examined the impact of four variants of strength training loads on the immediate (ITE) and delayed (DTE) training effects of orthogonal modes of strength exercises and rest intervals in 8-year-old boys. Results. In the first variant of strength training, the largest contribution to the dynamics of training effects is made by the work performed at the first place “exercises to strengthen arm and shoulder muscles”; in the second variant, the largest contribution to the dynamics of training effects is made by the work performed at the third place “exercises to strengthen back muscles”; in the third variant, the largest contribution to the dynamics of training effects is made by the work performed at the first “exercises to strengthen arm and shoulder muscles” and the third “exercises to strengthen back muscles” places; in the fourth variant, the largest contribution to the dynamics of ITE is made by thework performed at the first “exercises to strengthen arm and shoulder muscles” and the third “exercises to strengthen back muscles” places. The most significant changes in the DTE are associated with the fourth place’s work “exercises to strengthen leg muscles”. Conclusions. The response to strength training load includes immediate and delayed training effects. Thus it can be argued that training effects can be classified using the given battery of tests based on discriminant analysis. The efficiency of discriminant analysis increases when using 2k FFE active experiments.

scholarly journals Motor Skills Development: Optimization of Teaching Boys Aged 14

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Kapkan ◽  
O. M. Khudolii ◽  
P. Bartik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Mathematical Experiment ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rest Intervals

The study objective is to substantiate the modes of alternation of physical exercises and rest intervals in the process of teaching series of tasks aimed at motor skills development in boys aged 14 years.  Materials and methods. The participants in the study were 40 boys aged 14. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To achieve the objective set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of mathematical experiment planning. Results. The results of the analysis of variance and regression models show that the optimal mode of performing series of training tasks is within the range of 6-12 exercise repetitions with rest intervals of 60-120 seconds. In the proposed matrix of factorial design, the selected step of factor variation is sufficient to study the impact of different modes of physical exercises on the effectiveness of teaching children and adolescents.  Conclusions. A 22 type experiment made it possible to examine the multifactorial structure of the process of teaching boys aged 14, using the program of algorithmic instructions, to specify the optimal balance between factors for their use when teaching physical exercises during physical education classes. The best options for teaching series of tasks to boys aged 14 during physical education classes are: series 1 — 12 repetitions, rest interval of 120 s; series 2 — 12 repetitions, rest interval of 60 s; series 3 — 6 repetitions, rest interval of 60 s; series 4 — 12 repetitions, rest interval of 60 s; series 5 — 12 repetitions, rest interval of 120 s; series 6 — 6 repetitions, rest interval of 60 s.

scholarly journals Didactics: Peculiarities of Motor Skills Development in Boys Aged 14-15

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388
Author(s):  
Oleg Khudolii ◽  
Pavol Bartík ◽  
Dmytro Ivanov ◽  
Andrii Bezzub
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Exercise Mode ◽  
Motor Fitness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fourth Series

The purpose of the study was to determine the peculiarities of motor skills development in boys aged 14-15. Materials and methods. The study participants were boys aged 14 (n=20) and 15 (n=20). The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To solve the tasks set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, discriminant analysis, nearest neighbor analysis. Results. The study made an assumption about a significant influence of the modes of alternating exercise repetitions and the rest interval on the effectiveness of motor skills development in boys aged 14 and 15. The standardized canonical discriminant function coefficients helped to determine age peculiarities and the peculiarities of influence of exercise modes on the effectiveness of motor skills development. They showed that the components of motor fitness are a priority in developing motor skills. The structure canonical discriminant function coefficients indicate the importance of movement control skills for mastering the entire exercise. Conclusions. Discriminant analysis revealed the peculiarities of motor skills development in boys aged 14 and 15, depending on age and exercise modes. With the first exercise mode, boys aged 15 master the first, second, and fourth series of training tasks more quickly. Boys aged 14 – the sixth series (exercise mode: 6 repetitions, rest interval of 60 s). With the second exercise mode, boys aged 14 master the first and fourth series of training tasks more quickly. Boys aged 15 – the second series (exercise mode: 12 repetitions, rest interval of 60 s). The coordinates of centroids for four groups indicate a significant difference in the influence of exercise repetition modes on the number of repetitions required for motor skills development in boys aged 14-15 during physical education classes. The results of group classification show that 87.5% of the original grouped cases were classified correctly.

scholarly journals Motor Skills Development: Optimization of Teaching Boys Aged 15 Press Headstand and Handstand

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Khudolii ◽  
Olena Kapkan ◽  
Sergii Harkusha ◽  
Svitlana Marchenko ◽  
Viktoriia Veremeenko
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Mathematical Experiment ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mathematical Experiment Planning ◽  
Rest Intervals

The study objective was to substantiate the modes of alternation of physical exercises and rest intervals when teaching series of tasks aimed at motor skills development in boys aged 15 years. Materials and methods. The participants in the study were 40 boys aged 15. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To achieve the objective set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of mathematical experiment planning. During training, the method of algorithmic instructions was used. Results. The study found that the effectiveness of mastering series of training tasks depends on a mode of alternation of exercises and rest intervals. The results of analysis of variance and regression models show that the optimal mode of performing series of training tasks is within the range of 6-12 exercise repetitions with rest intervals of 60-120 sesonds. In the proposed matrix of factorial design, the selected step of factor variation is sufficient to study the impact of different modes of physical exercises on the effectiveness of teaching children and adolescents. Conclusions. The best options for teaching series of tasks to boys aged 15 during physical education classes are the following: series 1 – 12 repetitions, rest interval of 60–120 s; series 2 – 12 repetitions, rest interval of 120 s; series 3 – 12 repetitions, rest interval of 120 s; series 4 – 12 repetitions, rest interval of 120 s; series 5 – 12 repetitions, rest interval of 60 s; series 6 – 12 repetitions, rest interval of 60 s.

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