Life Insurance: An International Comparison

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Choudhary Deepa
Keyword(s):  
International Comparison ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Insurance Density ◽  
Insurance Penetration

Life insurance market is being increasingly recognised as an engine of economic growth. It fulfils the twin objectives of providing social security and long term funds for the economy. The present study is an attempt to study the life insurance performance of the selected economies according to the two accepted parameters, namely, life insurance penetration and life insurance density. This international comparison over the period 2001 to 2011 is successful in bringing out certain interesting results. The developed economies exhibit high penetration and density of life insurance but their growth is retarded. The developing economies, on the other hand, despite of lagging behind in absolute terms of both penetration and density have shown stupendous growth. This shows the hidden potential for the growth of life insurance in case of the developing economies where the developed economies have reached saturation.

Capital-Flow Volatility and Economic Openness: A Wavelet Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-318
Author(s):  
Mihai Mutascu ◽  
Scott W. Hegerty
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Capital Flow ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Oil Price Volatility ◽  
Real Gdp

The paper analyzes the interaction between capital-flow volatility and trade openness in five developed economies and four emerging markets by applying wavelet analysis over the period from 1990Q1 to 2017Q1. The main findings reveal that, in the medium term, capital-flow volatility drives trade openness in emerging markets and developing economies. Special attention should be paid to developed countries during the 2008 economic crisis, when trade exposure is shown to have had significant effects on capital-flow volatility. In the long term, the direction of comovement is rather idiosyncratic in our set of emerging markets and developing countries. Moreover, in both groups of countries, the intensity and persistence of relationships are very sensitive to the volatility of real GDP and secondary to geopolitical risk and oil-price volatility.

Estimating China’s Future Life Insurance Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyue Ma ◽  
Fei Huang ◽  
Aaron Bruhn
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Life Insurance Industry ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Important Indication

AbstractAfter decades of economic expansion, China is transitioning to meet the insurance needs of its aging and increasingly affluent population. Of particular interest to insurers and reinsurers is China’s life insurance industry, which is likely to be globally significant due to its size and scale of opportunity. The long term nature of life insurance will also see it play a key role in China’s financial and capital markets. By uniquely accounting for demographic, economic and insurance-specific factors, we estimate the long term size of China’s life insurance market, giving an important indication of the scale of its future influence.

scholarly journals On the state of the building industry after the GFC and the Euro crisis

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard De Valence ◽  
Göran Runeson
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Euro Crisis ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Media ◽  
Near Future

There has been an intense debate in the media and among academics on how the great financial crisis has affected the global economy, and how the effects have differed in different regions of the world. This survey was designed to establish to what extent the building industry has been affected by the GFC and the Euro crisis. Over the last months we have asked senior academics and executives in construction businesses what has happened up to now in their region, what will most likely happen in the near future and in the long term. The answer is that in developed economies the effect has been a substantial downturn as finances have dried up while in developing economies in most regions, demand has been sustained due to population growth with ever increasing needs for residential building and infrastructure. While there is some apprehension about the potential effects of the Euro crisis deepening, no-one seems really worried. In the long term there is an agreement, in developed and developing countries alike, that current business models do not work and that the industry has to reinvent itself to be sustainable.

scholarly journals The Impact of Demographic Burden on Insurance Density

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402098302
Author(s):  
Elena Nebolsina
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Age Dependency ◽  
Dependency Ratios ◽  
Insurance Density ◽  
Age Dependency Ratio ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Panel Vector Autoregression

The article investigates the relationship between demographic burden and insurance market by employing panel vector autoregression models with six groups of endogenous variables to a dynamic panel data set of 25 economies for the period 1980–2016. Demographic burden is represented by dependency ratios measured in respect to the population younger than the age of 15 (young-age dependency ratio), population above the age of 64 (old-age dependency ratio) as well as males and females above the age of 64 being examined separately. As indicators of insurance market development, life insurance density, non-life insurance density, and total insurance density are used. The robustness of the results is verified across 10 subsamples of the main observation period. The conducted analyses show a heterogeneous impact of demographic burden on the insurance market. The impulse responses reveal that negative effects prevail in the long term, which may result from the negative impact of an increasing demographic burden on the economy. In the short term, growth in female and male old-age dependency ratios drives up life and non-life insurance density.

scholarly journals Performance of the Polish Insurance Sector in the Second Decade of the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-264
Author(s):  
Ryszard Stempel
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Financial Supervision ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insurance Sector ◽  
Insurance Density ◽  
Statistical Yearbook

The study analyzes the performance of the Polish insurance sector between 2010 and 2019. The analysis was based on source materials from the Statistical Yearbook published by Statistics Poland (GUS), reports of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (KNF) and the Polish Chamber of Insurance (PIU). The main indicators describing the performance of the insurance market, including its concentration, number of policies, market structure, competitiveness, consumer behavior, and the financial performance of insurance companies were identified and analyzed. The strengths and weaknesses of the Polish private insurance market in the last ten years were determined. The main weakness was a considerable decrease in the sale of life insurance (branch I) policies, which was manifested by a steady decrease in gross premium, a continued decline in insurance density and penetration rate, deteriorating financial performance, and a decrease in the number of branch I insurance companies. Considerably better results were reported in the non-life insurance segment (branch II), where gross earned premium continued to improve and increased by around 64% over the analyzed decade. The non-life sector was also characterized by a steady improvement in density (increase of PLN 436), penetration rate (increase of 0.07%) and financial performance (net technical result increased by PLN 4.2 billion, net profit increased by PLN 1.5 billion).

scholarly journals Review on Insurance and their Present Status in Nepalese Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-252
Author(s):  
Nirdosh Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Life Insurance ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Livestock Sector

The study aims to overview the types of insurance operating in Nepal, product delivered by them and status of insurance market in Nepalese economic development. The paper is based on secondary data and literature reviews. Insurance can be acknowledged as tool that shares risk, offers financial protection, minimizes the financial distress and accelerates the pace of economic growth. Insurance encourages saving in the society and collects the scattered fund in term of premium and invest for maximization. Presently 40 insurance companies (19 life insurance, 20 non-life insurance and 1 reinsurance) are operating in Nepal providing diversified range of services. Recently agriculture insurance on crop and livestock sector and health insurance policy is being offered through many governmental and private insurance companies of Nepal. Insurance Board statistics of 2017 revealed total premium of 46.97 billion rupees and 2.03% contribution in total gross domestic product. We cannot deny the fact that insurance market of Nepal is witnessing major obstacles in terms of new product innovation, service issues related to consumers and time lapse of long-term policy. The study concludes that with little improvisation based on market research and consumer awareness can lead insurance companies & the concept to a peak level in Nepal.

scholarly journals Insurance market development: An empirical study of African countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-330
Author(s):  
Athenia Bongani Sibindi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Insurance Markets ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Life Insurance Industry ◽  
Insurance Density

The insurance industry plays a very crucial role in an economy by fostering intermediation and by its mechanism of risk bearing. As such it could be argued that the insurance industry fosters economic growth. In this article we analyse the global insurance market development trends, particularly focusing on Africa. Our sample comprise of the 10 African countries namely—South Africa, Angola, Nigeria, Kenya, Mauritius, Namibia, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt. We employ three insurance market development metrics namely; premium volumes, insurance density and insurance penetrations ratios to establish trends in the level of development of global insurance markets. Our results document that the African countries (excluding South Africa) have the least developed insurance markets. For most of the countries in our sample, the non-life insurance industry dominates the life-insurance industry. As such, it is imperative that their respective governments put in place measures that will grow their economies in order to stimulate the development of insurance markets in Africa.

scholarly journals Drivers of life insurance consumption - an empirical analysis of Western Balkan countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (231) ◽  
pp. 33-58
Author(s):  
Perseta Grabova ◽  
Gentiana Sharku
Keyword(s):  
Life Insurance ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Life Insurance Demand ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
Insurance Density ◽  
Insurance Penetration ◽  
Insurance Consumption

Life insurance in the Western Balkan Countries is underdeveloped, but it has huge potential for development in the future. The scope of this article is to examine whether and how economic, socio- demographic, and institutional factors determine the demand for life insurance in the Western Balkans, using life insurance density and life insurance penetration as indicators of life insurance demand during 2006-2019. In order to conduct a crosscountry analysis we use panel data regression models and a feasible generalised least squares regression model. The analysis reveals that the most significant factors are income per capita and changes in the urban population. The article contributes to the existing literature by identifying the variables that affect demand for life insurance in the Western Balkans and by providing evidence for insurance operators, authorities, and governments of the respective countries to find ways to further develop the insurance market.

Radioimmunotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
R. G. Meyer ◽  
W. Herr ◽  
A. Helisch ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
I. Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Primary Reduction ◽  
The One ◽  
Acute Myeloid

SummaryThe prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has improved considerably by introduction of aggressive consolidation chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nevertheless, only 20-30% of patients with AML achieve long-term diseasefree survival after SCT. The most common cause of treatment failure is relapse. Additionally, mortality rates are significantly increased by therapy-related causes such as toxicity of chemotherapy and complications of SCT. Including radioimmunotherapies in the treatment of AML and myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) allows for the achievement of a pronounced antileukaemic effect for the reduction of relapse rates on the one hand. On the other hand, no increase of acute toxicity and later complications should be induced. These effects are important for the primary reduction of tumour cells as well as for the myeloablative conditioning before SCT.This paper provides a systematic and critical review of the currently used radionuclides and immunoconjugates for the treatment of AML and MDS and summarizes the literature on primary tumour cell reductive radioimmunotherapies on the one hand and conditioning radioimmunotherapies before SCT on the other hand.

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