scholarly journals Sustainability performance assessment of the transport sector in European countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Beatriz Gruetzmacher ◽  
Clara Bento Vaz ◽  
Ângela Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Inland Waterways ◽  
Oil Resources ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
European Union Countries

The transport sector plays a fundamental role in the European Union economy and its efficiency is fundamental to strengthen the region's environmental and economic performance. Unfortunately, the sector still remains heavily dependent on oil resources and is responsible for a large part of the air pollution. The European Union has been promoting various initiatives towards sustainable transport development by setting targets in the sector such as the ones proposed in the 2011 White Paper on transport. Under this context, this study aims at evaluating the environmental performance of the transport sector in 28 European Union countries, from 2015 to 2018, towards the policy agenda established in the strategic documents. The assessment of the transport environmental performance is made through the aggregation of seven sub-indicators into a composite indicator using a Data Envelopment Analysis technique. A variant of the Benefit of the Doubt model is used to determine the weights to aggregate the sub-indicators. The results obtained indicate that the European Union countries have been improving their transport environmental performance in the last two years of the time span under analysis, i.e., 2017 and 2018. Regarding the inefficient countries, results suggest they should improve the transport sustainability mainly by drastically reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel-based propulsion, increasing the share of freight transport using rail and inland waterways and also the share of transport energy from renewable sources.

European Water Framework Directive and Its Impact on Water Transport in the European Union

2005 ◽  
Vol 1909 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Jürgen Sturm
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
European Union Policy ◽  
General Role ◽  
Inland Navigation

As a result of the July 1999 European Summit held in Gothenburg, Sweden, all European Union policy areas are subject to the guiding principle of sustainable development. Within this context, the European Commission published a white paper on transport policy to 2010, focusing on the need to foster more environmentally and socially sustainable means of transport to achieve a modal shift away from road transport. The white paper mentions inland navigation as a mode with great potential to contribute to a shift toward more sustainable modes than roads and recognizes that among other measures, infrastructural improvements must be realized on the European waterways. However, European environmental legislation, namely, the Water Framework Directive (WFD), is likely to challenge the strategy of necessary improvements on European waterways. The target conflict arising from environmental legislation that is capable of contradicting efforts to ensure sustainability in the transport sector is examined. Within this context, several aspects of WFD are described: development; the current implementation status in the national law of European Union member states and the potential consequences for waterway infrastructure, dredging, and navigability; and the general role of inland navigation in a competitive transport market. Possible instruments foreseen in the WFD to balance the interests of environmental concerns and those of the navigation sector are also addressed.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Bioenergy Industry Sustainability Impacts on Forest Degradation in The EU 28 Region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Alsaleh ◽  
A.S. Abdul-Rahim
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Countries

Abstract Bioenergy industry is a proven option to replace fossil fuels in the heat supply and partly in the transport sector and generation of electricity. The aim of this study is to investigate the empirical model pertaining whether bioenergy use and institutional quality impact forestry destruction in European Union countries. To achieve this, a selection of 28 European countries covering 1990–2018 was employed. Also, the Pooled OLS, Fixed Effect, Random Effect and Least Square Dummy Variable Corrected approaches were applied to regress the developed model. The findings referred that bioenergy use within institutional framework significantly participated to reduce forest degradation in the European Union countries. In developed countries, institutional quality indicator was negatively pertained to forest degradation. This shows that efficient institutions and governments can add to reducing forest degradation in the developed countries in European Union. The reduction of forest degradation in European Union countries can be achieved by interacting bioenergy use and government effectiveness indicators. Thus, policy makers should (1) stimulate the sustainability criteria of bioenergy application end-uses (2) intensify the quality of institutions, and (3) ensure the bioenergy use under effective governance.

scholarly journals Harmonization of Transport Charging in Slovak Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Štefan Čarný ◽  
Vladislav Zitrický ◽  
Denis Šipuš
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Country ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Ecological Aspect ◽  
Treaty Of Lisbon ◽  
The Future

AbstractInland transport in European Union is facing difficult but fundamental goals to achieve. Most of them are more accurately described in the White Paper on the future of Europe. By signing the Treaty of Lisbon, every European country is obligated to fulfil the legislation of the European Parliament. The main document dealing with the transport issue and ecological aspect of transport is the White Paper, which serves as a fundamental document for establishing the legislation and standards. The European Parliament legislation must be implemented in the national legislation including e. g. regulations, decisions or recommendations of the European Parliament. The legislation based on the White Paper is closely focused on transport and the related ecological aspect. Conclusions of this document lead decisions of EU to take serious actions in many different sectors. The transport sector has a significant impact on our environment and the future of the European Union. The current main goal of transport sector is to achieve reduction in emitting pollutants in our environment, and smoothly transfer to renewable sources of energy or at least trying to minimize the resources per transport performance unit.

Constitutional and Legal Restrictions in the European Union Countries in the Context of the COVID 19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
A. V. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Eu

The article examines the norms of international law and the legislation of the EU countries. The list of main provisions of constitutional and legal restrictions in the European Union countries is presented. The application of the norms is described Human rights conventions. The principle of implementing legal acts in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is considered. A comparative analysis of legal restrictive measures in the States of the European Union is carried out.

Prevention of Armed Attacks at Schools as a Part of Emergency Situations Didactics

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-112
Author(s):  
Miroslava Kovaříková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
School Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Emergency Plans ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Perception Of Security ◽  
Technical And Organizational Measures

This article deals with the issue of security management and its following application in education. The article focuses on the topic of armed attacks at schools. Based on a research probe aimed at teachers which focused on perception of security risks, there are chosen areas to which Central emergency system services should react. Further, knowledge of technical and organizational measures of emergency plans in the organization and the level of attention paid to this issue by the school management were investigated. In the text there are also international models of solutions of this issue introduced. The contribution also brings outline of how is the issue solved in the European Union countries, in particular in the Kingdom of Spain. Experience with the solution of security issues of schools in Latin America are also mentioned. In the conclusion the summary of measures for improvement of security at schools is presented.

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