scholarly journals Creating the Conditions for Climate Resilience: A Community-Based Approach in Canumay East, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrine Cash
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
The People ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Climate Action

People who reside in informal settlements in the Global South are most vulnerable to extreme weather events and their consequences, such as flooding, landslides, and fires. Those located in coastal areas face severe challenges from seasonal and typhoon-induced flooding. Research shows that uncertain land rights exacerbate community vulnerability because residents are under constant threat of eviction by private sector actors or the state. Individual and community upgrading is rarely possible in such a situation. This article focuses on the efforts to secure tenure and upgrade their community by the residents of Sitio Libis, located in Canumay East, City of Valenzuela, Philippines. The study demonstrates that while community-based approaches require skills and capacities of community members, enabling conditions created by government and/or NGOs are required for transformational outcomes. While the people of Sitio Libis did not conceptualize their efforts in terms of climate change adaptation, their success suggests the possibility for smart partnerships among state-civil society/private sector actors to emerge in support of small-scale climate action.

scholarly journals A recommendation and risk classification system for connecting rough sleepers to essential outreach services

Data & Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison Wilde ◽  
Lucia L. Chen ◽  
Austin Nguyen ◽  
Zoe Kimpel ◽  
Joshua Sidgwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Resource Limitations ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Outreach Services ◽  
Data Driven Approach

Abstract Rough sleeping is a chronic experience faced by some of the most disadvantaged people in modern society. This paper describes work carried out in partnership with Homeless Link (HL), a UK-based charity, in developing a data-driven approach to better connect people sleeping rough on the streets with outreach service providers. HL's platform has grown exponentially in recent years, leading to thousands of alerts per day during extreme weather events; this overwhelms the volunteer-based system they currently rely upon for the processing of alerts. In order to solve this problem, we propose a human-centered machine learning system to augment the volunteers' efforts by prioritizing alerts based on the likelihood of making a successful connection with a rough sleeper. This addresses capacity and resource limitations whilst allowing HL to quickly, effectively, and equitably process all of the alerts that they receive. Initial evaluation using historical data shows that our approach increases the rate at which rough sleepers are found following a referral by at least 15% based on labeled data, implying a greater overall increase when the alerts with unknown outcomes are considered, and suggesting the benefit in a trial taking place over a longer period to assess the models in practice. The discussion and modeling process is done with careful considerations of ethics, transparency, and explainability due to the sensitive nature of the data involved and the vulnerability of the people that are affected.

Impact of Climate Change on Rural Livelihood: A Case Study of Central Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Saifuddin Soz ◽  
Dhananjay Mankar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The People ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Impact

Climate change is already bringing tremendous influence on people’s lives, particularly the underprivileged. It’s already visible in a variety of ways. In recent decades, Asia and the Pacific have seen consistent warming trends as well as more frequent and powerful extreme weather events such as droughts, cyclones, floods, and hailstorms. This study was done in Ajmer District of Rajasthan, to find out the climate variation in the last 10 years. The study describes the effects due to climate change on the livelihoods of the people, so a descriptive research design was used for the study to find out the impact of climate change on rural livelihood in central Rajasthan. The study is based on a large representative of sample, quantitative data was collected to gain an idea of the impact on the livelihoods due to climate change at the household level. It shows the negative impact of climate change on rural livelihood which forced the people to change their livelihood directly or indirectly. It was found that climate change had an impact on people’s lives and people do understand the variation in climate change in terms of changes in the weather, unseasonal rain, and drought.

scholarly journals Consequences of Climate Change Impacts and Incidences of Extreme Weather Events in Relation to Crop Production in Bhutan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngawang Chhogyel ◽  
Lalit Kumar ◽  
Yadunath Bajgai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
The People ◽  
Weather Events

Being a country in the Himalayas, Bhutan is highly prone to the vagaries of weather events that affect agricultural production and the subsequent livelihood of the people. To identify the main issues that affect crop production and the decisions of farmers, a survey was conducted in three different agro-ecosystems in Bhutan. Our key findings indicate that farming and the decisions of farmers were largely affected by different climatic and non-climatic factors. These were in descending order of importance: irrigation availability > farm labour > crop seasonality > crop damage (climatic) > land holding > crop damage (wildlife) > crop damage (diseases and pests). The most important consequences of climate change impacts were the drying of irrigation sources (4.35) and crop losses due to weather events (4.10), whereas land fallowing, the occurrence of flood and soil erosion, weed pressure and changes in cropping pattern (with mean ratings of 2.53–3.03) experienced lesser consequences. The extreme weather events, such as untimely rains, drought and windstorms, were rated as the ‘most common’ to ‘common’ occurrences, thus inflicting a crop loss of 1–19%. These confirm our hearsay knowledge that extreme weather events have major consequences on irrigation water, which is said to be either drying or getting smaller in comparison to the past. Therefore, Bhutan must step up its on-ground farmer-support system towards improving the country’s food production, whilst embracing climate smart farm technologies for adapting to the impacts of change.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Actions and Motivations of a Community during the 2017 Torrential Rains in Northern Kyushu, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2424
Author(s):  
Atsuko Nonomura ◽  
Kazuhito Fujisawa ◽  
Mari Takahashi ◽  
Hideo Matsumoto ◽  
Shuichi Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Personal Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
The People ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Resilient Communities ◽  
The Government

Damage caused by weather events has increased dramatically across the world in recent years. In the case of Japan, record-breaking rainfall has caused devastating damage almost every year since 2014; many people have been killed in these disasters. To better prepare for future heavy rainfalls, we need to discover how to prepare for disasters and mitigate damage by learning from examples in resilient communities. In 2017, torrential rains hit Toho Village in northern Kyushu, and the people as a whole responded well to avoid disastrous outcomes. We studied the actions and motivations of residents of Toho during this rainfall event by conducting semi-structured interviews in November 2017. The interviewees indicated that their motivation for evacuating was “personal observation of the danger” or “communication with neighbors”. Communication within the community was found to be an important factor that enabled the safe evacuation of community members, even without notice of the disaster risk and/or in the absence of timely information from the government because of a power outage. Knowledge of local landforms would be also helpful to reinforce appropriate actions and precautions needed during a disaster.

Community-Based Social Marketing—Creating Lasting, Sustainable, Environmental Change: Case Study of a Household Stormwater Management Program in the Region of Waterloo, Ontario

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Keira Marie Smith ◽  
Jennifer Kristin Lynes ◽  
S. E. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Household Level

With increased frequency of extreme weather events due to climate change, there is growing need for urban, small-scale adaptation and preventative measures such as stormwater management to reduce the risk of flooding. Homeowners are often reluctant to adopt preventative stormwater measures without tangible benefits or direct experience with the flooding risks or other negative externalities. Using community-based social marketing (CBSM) as a framework, we investigated how to more effectively encourage stormwater management at the household level. In collaboration with the Canadian non-profit organization, Reep Green Solutions (Region of Waterloo, Ontario), we focused on an existing program, the RAIN Home Visit (RHV), which was designed to increase engagement in pro-environmental stormwater management behaviors. Reports from the RHV were assessed, and past program participants were interviewed using a semi-structured question set to identify barriers encountered in enacting these behaviors and to assess the program for inclusion of CBSM principles and tools. Surveys were used to collect demographic data from participants. We found that while preferred behaviors were explained and incentives were provided, more thorough, clear explanation was needed for homeowners as well as incentives of suitable size and value to effectively motivate homeowners to change. Key features that should be included in future RHV programs are public commitments, follow-up, and reminders. Further research should consider risk perception impacts with CBSM, to determine how these can work together and, perhaps, which precedes the other. Some people may be more influenced by social norms to act and others by risk perception.

scholarly journals What small NGOs can deliver: A case study of a Canadian community-based project making fabric scrub caps for healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-856
Author(s):  
Qiuyu Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Local Healthcare

This essay examines how a small-scale non-governmental organization mobilizes community members in Montreal, Canada, to respond to the city’s shortage of personal protective equipment during COVID-19 by making more than 1600 scrub caps for local healthcare workers. As the CAP-MTL project has progressed, organizers have constantly adjusted how they run the project in order to meet evolving needs through three major phases: (1) centralizing resource allocation, (2) building a self-sufficient production team and (3) pairing volunteers with healthcare workers. This case study highlights how in crisis response projects, organizers must be flexible and adapt to fluid and dynamic situations.

Multiple hazards under future UK Climate Projections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freya Garry ◽  
Dan Bernie
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Multiple Hazards ◽  
Ensemble Simulations ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Risk Projection ◽  
Extreme Hazards ◽  
The Uk

<p>When two or more extreme weather events occur either simultaneously or in close succession, there may be more severe societal and economic impacts than when extreme hazards occur alone. Impacts may also cascade across different sectors of society or amplify impacts in another sector. Perturbed parameter ensemble simulations of projections to 2080 have been generated at the UK Met Office to cover the UK at high spatial (12 km or 2.2 km) and temporal resolution (daily or sub-daily) resolution as part of the “UK Climate Projections”. We use the regional 12 km model simulations at daily resolution to consider how the frequency, duration and spatial extent of multiple extreme hazard events in the UK changes over the 21<sup>st </sup>century. We will show case studies of multiple extreme hazard pairings that pose a risk to UK sectors, for example, the risk of hot and dry weather to agricultural harvests. By working with stakeholders that have a good understanding of their vulnerabilities and exposure, we consider multiple extreme events in a risk projection framework. This work is funded under the Strategic Priority Fund for UK Climate Resilience.</p>

scholarly journals Bamboo Fale: Climate of Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emily Cayford
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World

<p>The world is currently sitting on the brink of a massive upheaval as Climate Change continues to intensify. At this stage, there is no apparent turning back: the only remaining option is to adapt. While many countries are already feeling the effects, the most vulnerable lie within the Pacific Islands.  With 70% of the Samoan population living along their coastline (The World Bank, 2016), the country is identified as one of the most vulnerable Pacific Islands. It is prone to high waves and storm surges, along with tropical cyclones, which destroy livelihoods and housing, as well as claiming lives.  The traditional architecture of Samoa was originally built to withstand such weather events, but has not been adapting to resist the increased cyclone intensity and rising sea levels. The materials and building practices currently used within Samoa do not have the properties to resist these extreme weather events.  Western building practises have been introduced and into the Samoan construction industry, but has not yet successfully been integrated. Combinations of traditional and Western building practises are, instead, resulting in buildings more vulnerable than ever. This issue remains unresolved, with unsuitable housing remaining one of the largest dilemmas currently faced by Samoa’s inhabitants.  Samoa recently graduated from the classification: Least Developed Country, to be classified as a Developing Country (Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience). This places Samoa as one of the more developed nations of the Pacific, therefore encouraging Samoa to take the lead in resilience to the ever imposing effects of Climate Change. Samoa has a close relationship with both New Zealand and Australia and therefore has access to building expertise, education and materials. Why, then, is Samoa so lacking in architectural resilience to the effects of Climate Change?  This paper endeavours to investigate this gap and, in turn provide a potential resolution. These solutions could aid other Pacific countries as well as encouraging further architectural resilience that can then be mirrored by the remaining, vulnerable countries of the Pacific.  This thesis first investigates the question:  “Why has Samoan culture not developed stronger architectural resilience against Climate Change?”  This thesis then evolves to question:  “How can Samoan architecture be hybridised to influence increased architectural resilience against Climate Change?”</p>

scholarly journals Climate Change and Florida: Frequently Asked Questions

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Joshua Papacek ◽  
Ashley Smyth ◽  
Holly Abeels ◽  
Alicia Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The People ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Municipal Workers ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

Climate change is considered one of the biggest challenges facing society. As global temperatures continue to rise, we are threatened by melting ice sheets, rising sea levels, and extreme weather events. Climate change is also something that the people in south Florida live with daily. Still, the science of climate change is complicated, leaving many in the region looking for trusted information about why climate should matter to them. The purpose of this new 8-page FAQ document is to provide answers to commonly asked questions regarding climate change. The questions come from south Florida residents and municipal workers concerned with the climate outcomes to their region. The FAQ address several areas of concerns, including the basic science behind climate change, the projected impacts to residents of south Florida, and actions that individuals can take to reduce their carbon footprints. Written by Joshua Papacek, Ashley Smyth, Holly Abeels, and Alicia Betancourt, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Soil and Water Sciences.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss682

scholarly journals Pengembangan Wisata Religi Makam Gus Dur di Kabupaten Jombang Pendekatan: Community Based Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-208
Author(s):  
Septa Mega Hera Kartika ◽  
Herman Cahyo Diartho ◽  
Fajar Wahyu Prianto
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The People ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
The Government

Religious Tourism Development of Gus Dur Sanctuary in Jombang Regency: Community Based Tourism Approach Community based tourism is the concept of tourism development by involving the people or community in its activities and management. This study aims to determine priority factors that may affect community based tourism and development strategy of Gus Dur sanctuary religious tourism in Jombang Regency. The analytical method used in this case is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analysis. Based on the results of AHP analysis, it was found that the activity of the organization or society groups (0.382), increased cooperation government and society (0.269), the addition of facilities and infrastructure (0.182), and manufacture of regulation (0.167), factor activity of organizations/communities are considered most important in determining the priority development of religious tourism of Gus Dur sanctuary. The results SWOT analysis obtained, six development strategies, namely to involve the local community in tourism development and empowerment activities, to facilitate the development of business/industry through microcredits that can support people’s economy, to optimize the role of the government to increase the planned development targets, to facilitate development of home business/industry through courses and training institutions, improve cooperation with private sector to support tourism development, and improve cooperation between community and government or private sector in developing local economy.

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